Triple H Debris Removal v. Companion Property, etc.

United States Court of Appeals
FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
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No. 08-1137
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Triple H Debris Removal, Inc., *
*
Appellant, *
* Appeal from the United States
v. * District Court for the Western
* District of Arkansas.
Companion Property and Casualty *
Insurance Company, *
*
Appellee. *
*
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Submitted: September 26, 2008
Filed: March 30, 2009
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Before RILEY, BRIGHT, and MELLOY, Circuit Judges.
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MELLOY, Circuit Judge.
Companion Property and Casualty Insurance Company issued a workers’
compensation policy to Triple H Debris Removal in August 2005. After a dispute
arose over an alleged outstanding premium on a prior policy, Companion canceled
Triple H’s coverage. Thereafter, a Triple H employee was injured and Companion
denied coverage. On March 29, 2006, Triple H sued Companion in Arkansas state
court. Companion timely removed the case to the U.S. District Court for the Western
District of Arkansas and filed a motion for summary judgment. On December 10,
2007, the district court granted summary judgment and dismissed Triple H’s suit. On
appeal, Triple H claims the district court did not have subject matter jurisdiction and,
alternatively, erred in granting summary judgment. Having subject matter
jurisdiction, we reverse the district court’s grant of summary judgment.
I.
For summary judgment purposes, we “consider[] the evidence in the light most
favorable to the nonmoving party and draw[] all reasonable inferences in that party’s
favor.” PHL Variable Ins. Co. v. Fulbright McNeill, Inc., 519 F.3d 825, 828 (8th Cir.
2008).
Triple H is an Arkansas corporation with its principal place of business in
Arkansas. Companion is a South Carolina corporation with its principal place of
business in South Carolina. In April 2005, Companion issued Triple H a workers’
compensation insurance policy, effective April 21, 2005, to April 21, 2006.
Companion estimated Triple H’s premium cost for the policy to be $7,538. Per the
agreement, however, Companion was to audit the policy at its expiration to determine
the actual premium owed. The companies agreed that the audit would ultimately
control the premium amount.
On August 21, 2005, Companion canceled the policy because Triple H failed
to make a premium payment. Following the cancellation, Triple H paid the
outstanding balance, and Companion issued Triple H a second policy, effective
September 15, 2005, to April 21, 2006.
After issuing the second policy, Companion audited the first policy to determine
the actual premium owed for its original coverage. Companion’s audit concluded that
Triple H owed a further premium payment in the amount of $1,853 for the first policy.
Triple H refused to pay, claiming that it had paid the proper premium and that
Companion’s audit was incorrect. To support its position, on December 29, 2005,
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Triple H told its insurance agent that the premium should not be changed and had the
agent forward Triple H’s payroll information to Companion to dispute the audit’s
accuracy. Nevertheless, due to Triple H’s refusal to pay the alleged outstanding
premium on the first policy, Companion notified Triple H on January 3, 2006, that it
was terminating the second policy, effective January 15, 2006.
On February 16, 2006, a Triple H employee sustained a serious work-related
injury. Companion denied coverage, claiming it had terminated Triple H’s policy
prior to the accident. On March 29, 2006, Triple H sued Companion in Arkansas state
court for breaching the policy. Thereafter, Triple H amended its complaint to include
an additional lost-profits claim of $200,000. Companion timely removed the case to
federal court and filed a motion for summary judgment. On December 10, 2007, the
district court granted summary judgment in Companion’s favor and dismissed the
case.
II.
On appeal, Triple H claims the district court did not have subject matter
jurisdiction and, alternatively, erred in granting summary judgment. We hold that the
district court had subject matter jurisdiction but that genuine issues of material fact
remain as to whether Companion breached the policy agreement.
A.
Triple H’s first claim is that the district court did not have subject matter
jurisdiction. Although Triple H did not raise this issue before the district court,
“[s]ubject matter jurisdiction can be raised at any time.” Alternate Fuels, Inc. v.
Cabanas, 538 F.3d 969, 975 (8th Cir. 2008).
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Triple H contends subject matter jurisdiction is lacking because Arkansas law
grants the Arkansas Workers’ Compensation Commission exclusive, original
jurisdiction to resolve workers’ compensation disputes. Companion claims subject
matter jurisdiction is present because this suit is a mere contract dispute and, on the
face of Triple H’s complaint, there is diversity jurisdiction. Without needing to
characterize the suit, we hold we have jurisdiction over this matter.
In Cincinnati Indemnity Co. v. A & K Construction, Co., we held “a district
court has subject matter jurisdiction to try an original action concerning a state
workers’ compensation claim, if the requisites of diversity jurisdiction are met.”
Cincinnati Indem. Co. v. A & K Constr., Co., 542 F.3d 623, 624 (8th Cir. 2008).
Here, diversity jurisdiction is proper under 28 U.S.C. § 1332 because it is undisputed
that Triple H and Companion are two completely diverse parties disputing a claim
exceeding $75,000. See Advance Am. Servicing of Ark., Inc. v. McGinnis, 526 F.3d
1170, 1172 (8th Cir. 2008) (stating, under 28 U.S.C. § 1332, diversity jurisdiction
“exists if there is complete diversity of citizenship and the amount in controversy is
greater than $75,000" (citation omitted)). Therefore, based on our holding in
Cincinnati Indemnity Co., we conclude there is subject matter jurisdiction under
§ 1332.
B.
Triple H’s second claim is that the district court erred in granting summary
judgment. “We review the district court’s grant of summary judgment de novo.”
Montes v. Greater Twin Cities Youth Symphonies, 540 F.3d 852, 857 (8th Cir. 2008)
(quotation omitted). “A grant of summary judgment is proper when there is no
genuine issue as to any material fact and . . . the moving party is entitled to a judgment
as a matter of law.” Emergency Med. Servs., Inc. v. St. Paul Mercury Ins. Co., 495
F.3d 999, 1004–05 (8th Cir. 2007) (citations and internal quotation omitted).
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The district court granted summary judgment because it found there was no
genuine issue of material fact as to whether Triple H breached the first policy.
Therefore, as a matter of Arkansas law, it concluded Companion was entitled to cancel
the second policy for Triple H’s first-policy breach. Beyond arguing the district court
did not have jurisdiction to resolve the latter question of Arkansas law, Triple H does
not contest the district court’s legal finding. Thus, we do not address that issue.
Nevertheless, Triple H argues that there is a genuine issue of material fact as to
whether it breached the first policy.
According to the terms of both insurance policies, to avoid breaching the
policies when refusing to pay an audit premium, Triple H had to raise a “bonafide
dispute” as to the amount owed. To raise a bonafide dispute, the policies provided
that Triple H had to: (1) provide a detailed written explanation of why it thought the
premium was incorrect, (2) provide a detailed explanation of its estimate of what the
premium should be, and (3) pay any undisputed portion of the premium owed. The
district court concluded that Triple H failed to comply with these provisions and,
therefore, breached the first policy. We disagree.
Viewing the facts in a light most favorable to Triple H, there is a genuine issue
of material fact as to whether Triple H raised a bonafide dispute. According to the
record, Triple H disputed the premium at issue by refusing to pay the amount charged,
submitting its payroll data, and informing its insurance agent that it believed it had
paid the sufficient amount owed for the first policy’s coverage. Although the district
court and Companion both note that Triple H admitted in an interrogatory that Triple
H had failed to pay any of the undisputed portion of the audit premium, we do not find
that admission controlling for one simple reason: Triple H disputes the entire
additional audit premium, making the undisputed portion zero.
Further, we are at a loss as to what more Companion could reasonably expect
of Triple H when attempting to dispute the premium charge. Triple H notified its
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insurance agent that it believed it had paid the proper premium, and it had the agent
submit data to support its claim. At oral argument, Companion admitted that the agent
was a Companion agent and “could serve as a conduit” to communicate with it. In
contrast, Companion failed to cite any evidence that it responded to Triple H’s
concerns, notified Triple H that it needed to provide more detail for its claim, or took
any action whatsoever upon receipt of Triple H’s data beyond canceling its coverage.
For those reasons, genuine issues of material fact remain as to whether Triple H
breached the first policy.
IV.
Based on the foregoing, we reverse the district court’s grant of summary
judgment and remand for further proceedings.
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