United States v. Pheng Yang

United States Court of Appeals
FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
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No. 04-3283
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United States of America, *
*
Appellee, * Appeal from the United States
* District Court for the
v. * District of Minnesota.
*
Pheng Yang, also known as Fuji, * [UNPUBLISHED]
*
Appellant. *
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Submitted: September 7, 2005
Filed: September 23, 2005
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Before BYE, McMILLIAN, and RILEY, Circuit Judges.
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PER CURIAM.
Pheng Yang appeals the sentence the district court1 imposed after he pleaded
guilty to aiding and abetting the sexual trafficking of minor B.B. He argues that the
district court erred in (1) assessing a 2-level increase under U.S.S.G. §§ 2G1.1(d)(1)
(multiple victims in commercial sex crime) and 3D1.4(a) (multiple count adjustment)
(2003), because he pleaded guilty to one count that involved only one victim; and
(2) increasing his offense level under both U.S.S.G. § 2G1.1(b)(1) (offense involved
commercial sex act and use of physical force, fraud, or coercion) and (b)(4)(B)
1
The Honorable Joan N. Ericksen, United States District Judge for the District
of Minnesota.
(participant unduly influenced minor to engage in commercial sex act), because it was
“double counting.”
Yang’s first argument fails because the district court did not clearly err in
finding that the offense of conviction involved a second victim: unobjected-to
portions of the presentence report (PSR) indicate a second victim, M.M., was
subjected to all of the charged commercial-sex activities. See United States v. Thorn,
413 F.3d 820, 823 (8th Cir. 2005) (facts presented in PSR are deemed admitted unless
defendant objects to inclusion of those facts); United States v. Mathijssen, 406 F.3d
496, 498 (8th Cir. 2005) (district court’s factual findings in application of Guidelines
are reviewed for clear error). Further, application of section 2G1.1(d)(1) to the
second victim was proper: according to Commentary Application Note 4, section
2G1.1(d)(1) “directs that if the relevant conduct of an offense of conviction” involves
more than one victim, “whether specifically cited in the count of conviction, each
such victim shall be treated as if contained in a separate count of conviction.” See
Mathijssen, 406 F.3d at 498 (application of Guidelines is reviewed de novo).
Yang’s second argument fails because he agreed to the relevant increases in his
plea agreement. See United States v. Barrett, 173 F.3d 682, 684 (8th Cir. 1999)
(defendant may not challenge application of Guidelines to which he agreed in plea
agreement unless he proves agreement is invalid or succeeds in withdrawing from it).
Accordingly, we affirm.
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