Mark Anthony Davis v. Boulevard Nightlife Group, LLC

NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS OCT 20 2021
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
MARK ANTHONY DAVIS, AKA Quie No. 20-55975
Anthony, AKA QBwoy, an individual,
D.C. No.
Plaintiff-Appellee, 2:18-cv-06597-VAP-JPR
v.
MEMORANDUM*
BOULEVARD NIGHTLIFE GROUP, LLC,
AKA Hemmingways, DBA The Study, a
California limited liability company; et al.,
Defendants-Appellants,
and
JAMIE KOZ, AKA White Lightning, an
individual; et al.,
Defendants.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Central District of California
Virginia A. Phillips, Chief District Judge, Presiding
Submitted October 18, 2021**
Pasadena, California
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
**
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
Before: CALLAHAN and FORREST, Circuit Judges, and AMON,*** District
Judge.
After Appellants Freddy Braidi, Elie Braidi, Spencer Kushner, and Boulevard
Nightlife Group, LLC (collectively, Boulevard Nightlife Group) failed to respond to
the complaint against them or appear in the district court proceedings below,
Appellee Mark Anthony Davis moved for default judgment. With no opposition, the
district court granted the motion. About three and a half months later, Boulevard
Nightlife Group moved for relief from the judgment under Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 60(b). The district court denied the Rule 60(b) motion as untimely.
Boulevard Nightlife Group raises several issues on appeal. We review a
district court’s denial of a Rule 60(b) motion for abuse of discretion. Benson v.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 673 F.3d 1207, 1211 (9th Cir. 2012). “Whether such
a denial rests on an inaccurate view of the law and is therefore an abuse of discretion
requires us to review the underlying legal determination de novo.” Id. (quoting Smith
v. Pac. Pros. & Dev. Corp., 358 F.3d 1097, 1100 (9th Cir. 2004)). We have
jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we reverse and remand for further
proceedings.
1. Boulevard Nightlife Group first argues that the district court abused its
***
The Honorable Carol Bagley Amon, United States District Judge for
the Eastern District of New York, sitting by designation.
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discretion by concluding that the Rule 60(b)(1) motion was untimely. We agree.
Under Rule 60(b), “[o]n motion and just terms, the [district] court may relieve a
party or its legal representative from a final judgment, order, or proceeding” based
on “mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b)(1).
A party seeking relief under Rule 60(b)(1) must do so “within a reasonable time . . .
no more than a year after the entry of the judgment or order or the date of the
proceeding.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(c)(1).
The district court, relying on Gila River Ranch, Inc. v. United States, 368 F.2d
354 (9th Cir. 1966), ruled that Boulevard Nightlife Group’s motion—filed less than
four months after judgment was entered—was untimely because it fell outside the
30-day timeframe allowed for appeal. But Gila River’s timeliness limitation does
not apply in circumstances where “a party is partly to blame for the delay.” Pioneer
Inv. Servs. Co. v. Brunswick Assocs. Ltd. P’ship, 507 U.S. 380, 393 (1993).
Boulevard Nightlife Group did not bring its motion to correct the district court’s
error, but to show excusable neglect for its own error. Although we do not weigh in
on the Rule 60(b) motion’s merits or decide whether Boulevard Nightlife Group
acted within a reasonable time under Rule 60(c)(1), we have rejected Davis’s
argument that the general deadline for filing an appeal governs in this context. See,
e.g., In re Gilman, 887 F.3d 956, 964 n.8 (9th Cir. 2018). The district court therefore
abused its discretion by failing to consider the motion’s merits or articulating other
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valid grounds for denial. See Lemoge v. United States, 587 F.3d 1188, 1192 n.2 (9th
Cir. 2009).
2. Boulevard Nightlife Group then argues that the district court abused its
discretion by failing to consider its Rule 60(b)(4) argument. Again, we agree. Rule
60(b)(4) allows a district court to provide relief from a final judgment when “the
judgment is void.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b)(4). A final judgment is void, and therefore
must be set aside, “if the court that considered it lacked jurisdiction . . . over the
parties to be bound.” United States v. Berke, 170 F.3d 882, 883 (9th Cir. 1999). One
ground for challenging the district court’s jurisdiction under Rule 60(b)(4) is
improper service. See SEC v. Internet Sols. for Bus. Inc., 509 F.3d 1161, 1165–66
(9th Cir. 2007).
Although Boulevard Nightlife Group did not cite the specific subsection of
Rule 60(b) in its motion before the district court, it alleged improper service in
several ways. For example, Boulevard Nightlife Group explicitly argued that
“[d]efects in service of process render a judgment void and subject to direct attack
by motion for relief from default.” There is no indication that the district court
considered this argument. The district court’s failure to consider relief under Rule
60(b)(4) or explain why such relief is unwarranted was an abuse of discretion. See
Blue Cross & Blue Shield of Ala. v. Unity Outpatient Surgery Ctr., Inc., 490 F.3d
718, 724–25 (9th Cir. 2007).
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3. Finally, Boulevard Nightlife Group challenges two post-judgment
orders entered by the district court. These challenges fail, however, because
Boulevard Nightlife Group filed a notice of appeal before the district court issued
these post-judgment orders. Boulevard Nightlife Group did not file a new notice of
appeal for those two orders, nor did it amend its existing notice of appeal. See
Whitaker v. Garcetti, 486 F.3d 572, 585 (9th Cir. 2007) (“[A] party wishing to
challenge [a new] decision ‘must file a notice of appeal, or an amended notice of
appeal’ specifying its appeal of that decision.” (quoting Fed. R. App. P.
4(a)(4)(B)(ii) and citing Fed. R. App. P. 3(c)(1)(B))). “[T]he lack of a timely filed
(or timely amended) notice of appeal deprives this court of jurisdiction.” Cruz v.
Int’l Collection Corp., 673 F.3d 991, 1001 (9th Cir. 2012). Accordingly, we lack
jurisdiction to consider any argument related to these two post-judgment orders.
The district court’s decision is REVERSED AND REMANDED for further
proceedings consistent with this disposition. Each party shall bear its own costs.
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