United States v. Orion Memmott

FILED
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
JUN 21 2016
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 14-10571
Plaintiff - Appellee, D.C. No. 2:08-cr-00402-KJM-1
v.
MEMORANDUM*
ORION DOUGLAS MEMMOTT,
Defendant - Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of California
Kimberly J. Mueller, District Judge, Presiding
Submitted June 13, 2016**
San Francisco, California
Before: WALLACE, D.W. NELSON, and OWENS, Circuit Judges.
Orion Douglas Memmott, a tax attorney suspended from the practice of law,
appeals from his bench trial conviction and eighteen-month sentence for one count
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
**
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
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of subscribing to a false tax document, in violation of 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1), and one
count of attempted evasion of payment of tax, in violation of 26 U.S.C. § 7201. As
the parties are familiar with the facts, we do not recount them here. We agree with
the district court’s thorough and well-reasoned order, and we affirm.
1. The evidence is sufficient to support Memmott’s conviction for
subscribing to a false tax document, in violation of 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1), because,
viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, a rational trier
of fact could find beyond a reasonable doubt that Memmott willfully made a false
statement on his IRS Form 433-A, “Collection Information Statement for Wage
Earners and Self-Employed Individuals.” See Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307,
319 (1979); see also United States v. Magallon-Jimenez, 219 F.3d 1109, 1112 (9th
Cir. 2000) (same standard applies to both jury and bench trials). The district court
found that Memmott willfully made two false statements on his Form 433-A, either
of which alone is sufficient to sustain his conviction. See United States v. Booth,
309 F.3d 566, 572 (9th Cir. 2002).
First, there is sufficient evidence that Memmott falsely understated his
income by listing only his Social Security income, and failing to include funds that
he had misappropriated from investors.
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Second, there is sufficient evidence that Memmott falsely stated that he did
not own any real estate, despite his interest in a real property. Even though
Memmott’s estranged ex-wife held title to the property, the district court
reasonably determined that she was his nominee because, under the totality of the
circumstances, Memmott still “exercised active or substantial control over the
property.” Fourth Inv. LP v. United States, 720 F.3d 1058, 1070 (9th Cir. 2013)
(citation omitted).
2. The evidence is also sufficient to support Memmott’s conviction for
attempted evasion of payment of tax, in violation of 26 U.S.C. § 7201, because,
viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, a rational trier
of fact could find beyond a reasonable doubt that Memmott willfully attempted to
evade paying his back taxes. See Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319. Memmott’s false
statements on the Form 433-A alone are sufficient evidence that he attempted to
evade paying his back taxes. Moreover, contrary to Memmott’s contention, the
district court’s consideration of additional acts was not a constructive amendment
or variance from the superseding indictment. See United States v. Ward, 747 F.3d
1184, 1189 (9th Cir. 2014).
3. Finally, at sentencing, the district court properly determined that the
“tax loss” was the entire back taxes Memmott owed rather than the value of the
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assets he attempted to hide on the Form 433-A, which he alleges is $0, because the
“object of the offense” was to evade paying that full amount. U.S.S.G.
§ 2T1.1(c)(1).
AFFIRMED.
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