United States v. Brooke Campbell Solis

NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS AUG 29 2023
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 22-10070
Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. No. 3:21-cr-00297-JD-1
v.
MEMORANDUM*
BROOKE CAMPBELL SOLIS,
Defendant-Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Northern District of California
James Donato, District Judge, Presiding
Submitted August 21, 2023**
San Francisco, California
Before: BUMATAY, KOH, and DESAI, Circuit Judges.
Brooke Campbell Solis pleaded guilty to six counts of wire fraud in violation
of 18 U.S.C. § 1343. The district court imposed a 37-month sentence. Solis appeals
the district court’s denial of the third point of a three-level sentencing reduction for
acceptance of responsibility under U.S. Sentencing Guidelines (“USSG”)
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
**
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
§ 3E1.1(b). She also alleges that the government breached the plea agreement and
that her sentence was substantively unreasonable. Because Solis did not raise these
issues before the district court, we review for plain error. United States v. Halamek,
5 F.4th 1081, 1087 (9th Cir. 2021); United States v. Whitney, 673 F.3d 965, 970 (9th
Cir. 2012). We vacate Solis’s sentence and remand for resentencing.
1. Under plain error review, the government did not breach the plea
agreement. The plea agreement required the government to recommend a sentence
“within the range associated with the Guidelines calculation set out” in the
agreement. And the government fulfilled its obligations. Solis argues that the
government breached the plea agreement by noting that she had not “shown true
remorse” to the victim; that her justifications to her psychologist were “inconsistent
with true acceptance of responsibility”; that her continued blame of others for her
offenses showed a “failure to take full responsibility for her actions”; and that her
explanation of her offenses was “inconsistent with actual remorse and full
acceptance of responsibility.”
But, “despite a plea agreement to make certain recommendations, the
government has a duty to ensure that the court has complete and accurate
information, enabling the court to impose an appropriate sentence.” United States
v. Maldonado, 215 F.3d 1046, 1052 (9th Cir. 2000). Here, the government’s
statements provided new information to the district court and did not plainly violate
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the terms of the plea agreement. Cf. United States v. Heredia, 768 F.3d 1220, 1231
(9th Cir. 2014) (no breach of plea agreement when the government “provide[s] the
district judge with . . . new information or correct[s] factual inaccuracies” (quoting
Whitney, 673 F.3d at 971)).
2. The district court plainly erred by denying the additional one-level
reduction requested by Solis on improper grounds. It is uncontested that Solis met
the requirements for a three-level reduction under USSG § 3E1.1(b): (1) the district
court granted her the two-level reduction under § 3E1.1(a); (2) her offense level of
21 was greater than 16; and (3) the government requested in both its sentencing
memorandum and in its reply to Solis’s sentencing memorandum that the district
court grant the third point. When the requirements of this section are met, “the
additional one point reduction in sentence level is mandated.” United States v.
Huckins, 53 F.3d 276, 279 (9th Cir. 1995). The government concedes the district
court cited improper reasons for denying Solis the third point for acceptance of
responsibility.
“A mistake in calculating the recommended Guidelines sentencing range is a
significant procedural error that requires us to remand for resentencing.” United
States v. Munoz-Camarena, 631 F.3d 1028, 1030 (9th Cir. 2011) (per curiam).
While the government argues that the error was harmless because the district court
mentioned that it was “tempted to go higher,” we are concerned that the district court
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began from the wrong starting point. See United States v. Doe, 705 F.3d 1134, 1154
(9th Cir. 2013) (holding that the district court’s “failure accurately to state the
Guidelines range at the onset derailed the sentencing proceeding before it even
began”).
3. Because we vacate the sentence and remand for a full resentencing, we do
not reach whether Solis’s sentence was substantively unreasonable.
VACATED and REMANDED.
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