Chest v. Peake

NOTE: This disposition is nonprecedential.
United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
2007-7303
JAMES N. CHEST,
Claimant-Appellant,
v.
JAMES B. PEAKE, M.D., Secretary of Veterans Affairs,
Respondent-Appellee.
Ryan C. Morris, Sidley Austin LLP, of Washington, DC, argued for claimant-
appellant. With him on the brief was Stephen B. Kinnaird. Of counsel on the brief was
Barton F. Stichman, National Veterans Legal Services Program, of Washington, DC.
Allison Kidd-Miller, Trial Attorney, Commercial Litigation Branch, Civil Division,
United States Department of Justice, of Washington, DC, argued for respondent-
appellee. With her on the brief were Jeffrey S. Bucholtz, Acting Assistant Attorney
General, Jeanne E. Davidson, Director, and Todd M. Hughes, Deputy Director. Of
counsel on the brief were David J. Barrans, Deputy Assistant General Counsel, and
Ethan G. Kalett, Attorney, Office of the General Counsel, United States Department of
Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC.
Appealed from: United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims
Chief Judge William P. Greene, Jr.
NOTE: This disposition is nonprecedential.
United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
2007-7303
JAMES N. CHEST,
Claimant-Appellant,
v.
JAMES B. PEAKE, M.D., Secretary of Veterans Affairs,
Respondent-Appellee,
Appeal from the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims in 05-2241, Chief
Judge William P. Greene, Jr.
____________________
DECIDED: July 21, 2008
____________________
Before LOURIE, BRYSON, and PROST, Circuit Judges.
LOURIE, Circuit Judge.
James N. Chest appeals from the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans
Claims’ (“Veterans Court”) decision affirming the decision of the Board of Veterans’
Appeals (“Board”) denying Chest a disability rating higher than ten percent for his
service-connected hepatitis C. Chest v. Nicholson, No. 05-2241, 2007 U.S. App. Vet.
Claims LEXIS 884 (Vet. App. May 31, 2007). Because we find that the Veterans Court
applied the correct legal standard and that other appealed issues are beyond our
jurisdiction, we affirm in part and dismiss in part.
BACKGROUND
Chest is a veteran of the United States Army, having honorably served from
December 1970 to August 1973. On March 23, 2000, a Department of Veterans Affairs
(“VA”) regional office (“RO”) found Chest’s hepatitis C to be service-connected, but
assigned a noncompensable rating. Chest appealed that rating, and, following a Board
remand, was granted a VA medical examination to determine the extent of his disability.
Based on that examination, Chest’s injury was assigned a 10% disability rating. Chest
appealed that rating to the Board.
After receiving a letter from Chest’s private physician, Dr. Kleinman, the Board
issued a “Development Request” instructing the Board’s case development unit to
obtain a release form from Chest and treatment records from Dr. Kleinman. In May
2003, VA received an “Authorization and Consent Form” (“the May 2003 authorization”)
from Chest authorizing the VA to obtain Dr. Kleinman’s records. Chest wrote on the
form, “this is the last time I respond or try to prove my case.” In September 2003, the
Board once again remanded Chest’s case to the RO. Among other things, the Board’s
remand order (“the 2003 remand order”) instructed the RO to use the May 2003
authorization to “request all medical treatment records from Dr. Martin S. Kleinman.”
In March 2004, the RO wrote to Chest informing him of the status of his case.
The letter also requested a new authorization form, as the May 2003 authorization was
not compliant with the recently enacted Health Insurance Portability and Accountability
Act (“HIPAA”). The RO never received an updated authorization form from Chest.
2007-7303 2
In March 2005, the RO denied Chest a disability rating in excess of ten percent.
On appeal, the Board found that the May 2003 authorization form had been invalidated
by HIPAA and that Chest had not responded to VA’s request for an updated form. The
Board found that because Chest had failed to newly authorize the RO to obtain
Kleinman’s medical records, it had substantially complied with the 2003 remand order.
Thus, the Board concluded that Chest had not established that a rating higher than ten
percent was warranted.
The Veterans Court affirmed the Board’s decision. The court held that because
Chest had not supplied the VA with a HIPAA-compliant authorization form, the VA had
not failed to comply with the 2003 remand order. Furthermore, the court found that the
VA had no duty to inform Chest of its inability to obtain his records because Chest had
failed to properly reauthorize VA to obtain them. Thus, the court concluded, Chest had
not demonstrated that the Board had committed any reversible error.
Chest timely appealed the court’s decision. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 38
U.S.C. § 7292.
DISCUSSION
The scope of our review of a final decision from the Veterans Court is limited by
statute. See 38 U.S.C. § 7292. Under § 7292(a) we may review a decision by the
Veterans Court with respect to the validity of “any statute or regulation . . . or any
interpretation thereof (other than a determination as to a factual matter) that was relied
on by the [Veterans] Court in making the decision.” Absent a constitutional issue, we
may not review challenges to factual determinations or challenges to the application of a
law or regulation to facts. Id. § 7292(d)(2). We review issues of law over which we
2007-7303 3
have jurisdiction de novo. Andrews v. Nicholson, 421 F.3d 1278, 1281 (Fed. Cir. 2005)
(citing Wagner v. Principi, 370 F.3d 1089, 1091 (Fed. Cir. 2004)).
On appeal Chest makes two primary arguments. First, he argues that
“substantial compliance” with a Board remand order is legally insufficient and that only
“complete compliance” with an order fulfills VA’s duty to assist. Chest’s second
argument is that the Veterans Court erred as a matter of law in affirming the Board’s
determination that the RO substantially complied with the 2003 remand order. That
argument relies on this court having jurisdiction to review questions of remand
compliance.
As for the standard of remand compliance required by law—a question over
which jurisdiction is undisputed—we hold that substantial compliance is a correct
standard. Chest appears to argue that “complete” compliance or “absolute” compliance
with a Board remand is required for the VA to fulfill its duty. Chest Br. at 19, 20.
According to Chest’s reasoning, the substantial compliance standard applies only to
cases involving minor deficiencies while the present case involves an absolute
deficiency and therefore requires complete compliance. Chest Br. at 23, 24.
We are not persuaded that the Veterans Court adopted or applied an incorrect
legal standard. In essence, Chest is asking this court to evaluate whether the Veterans
Court was correct in finding substantial compliance. Chest’s argument appears to be
essentially an attempt to argue the merits of the sufficiency decision under the guise of
a legal standard. We lack jurisdiction to analyze the sufficiency decision, as discussed
below. Substantial compliance is a correct standard from which to judge remand
2007-7303 4
compliance, and we therefore affirm the Veterans Court’s decision on that legal
question.
Chest’s other principal argument is that the Veterans Court erred in its
determination that the RO substantially complied with the Board’s remand order.
However, we do not have jurisdiction to decide that question. It is statutorily established
that this court may not review challenges to a factual determination of the Veterans
Court or challenges to a law or regulation as applied to facts by the Veterans Court. 38
U.S.C. § 7292(d)(2).
Chest argues that the Veterans Benefits Act of 2002 amended 38 U.S.C. §
7292(a) by expanding the matters over which this court has jurisdiction to include review
of decisions concerning a rule of law. Veterans Benefits Act of 2002, Pub. L. No. 107-
330, 116 Stat. 2820. However, that amendment does not benefit Chest. The full
ramifications of that change have not been explored by this court, see Szemraj v.
Principi, 357 F.3d 1370, 1375 (Fed. Cir. 2004) (“the effect of the 2002 amendment has
not yet been fully determined”), but its language gives little indication that it was
intended to override the existing preclusion against reviewing applications of law to fact,
and that is essentially what Chest is arguing here. Chest argues that the Veterans
Benefits Act expanded this court’s jurisdiction to include the review of remand decisions
in which the underlying facts are not in dispute. In so arguing, he principally relies on
two cases: Bailey v. Principi, 351 F.3d 1384 (Fed. Cir. 2003) and Szemraj 357 F.3d
1370 (finding that jurisdiction exists when the case concerns “whether the legal
requirement of a statute or regulation has been correctly interpreted in a particular
context where the relevant facts are not in dispute”). He also relies on those cases to
2007-7303 5
overcome this court’s holding in Dyment v. Principi, where we held that we lacked
jurisdiction to review whether a specialist “adequately complied with the remand order.”
287 F.3d 1377, 1381 (Fed. Cir. 2002).
While Bailey and Szemraj hold that we may review the interpretation of a legal
requirement of a statute or regulation in cases in which the facts are undisputed, such
authority only involves interpretation of a statute, regulation, or rule of law in such
cases. In contrast, the present case is one in which factual issues are so intertwined
with the disputed legal conclusion drawn by the Veterans Court that a reviewing court
would have to apply the statute to the facts. The substantive question at issue in
Chest’s appeal—whether or not the remand order was substantially fulfilled—is not a
question that can be reviewed without our examining the Veterans Court’s application of
law to fact, a task that we are prohibited from undertaking. While the exact contours of
our jurisdiction following the Veterans Benefits Act are as yet unexplored, Chest’s
appeal of the Board’s remand compliance determination is beyond this court’s
jurisdiction under 38 U.S.C. 7292(d)(2). We therefore dismiss that portion of Chest’s
appeal for lack of jurisdiction.
We have reviewed Chest’s remaining arguments and found them to be beyond
our jurisdiction.
CONCLUSION
Accordingly, we affirm in part and dismiss in part the Veterans Court’s decision
affirming the Board’s denial of Chest’s request for an increased disability rating.
AFFIRMED IN PART AND DISMISSED IN PART
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