DocketNumber: Sac. No. 46
Citation Numbers: 5 Cal. Unrep. 295, 44 Pa. 234
Judges: Haynes
Filed Date: 3/17/1896
Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 1/12/2023
This action was brought against M. P. Farnham and J. Kendrick upon two promissory notes, each dated August 19, 1801, payable one day after date, one for $2,000 and the other for $800, to the order of Eppinger & Co., upon which there was claimed to remain unpaid $1,119.04 and interest. Farnham, having been adjudged an insolvent debtor, did not answer, and the action proceeded against Kendrick alone, whose answer consisted of a general denial and a special defense, in which it was alleged that on September 12, 1887, Farnham was indebted to the plaintiffs in the sum of about $6,000, and, at the request of Oscar C. Schultz, manager and agent for said plaintiffs in their mercantile business at Germantown, he executed, with Farnham, a promissory note for $2,000, payable to the order of the plaintiffs one day after date, with interest at the rate of one per cent per month; that he executed the same upon the representation of said Schultz that plaintiffs needed money, that Farnham’s note was not good as collateral security, and that his (Kendrick’s) name would be used for no other purpose than to make the note good as collateral security at the bank; and that the notes in suit were given in renewal thereof, that he did not execute any of the notes at the request of Farnham, and that, as to him, they were without consideration. It was also alleged that, in 1890, Farnham delivered to plaintiffs a quantity of wheat sufficient to have paid said note, with the request that it should be applied thereon, but that Schultz said that he wanted to use the note longer, and he would see Kendrick, and obtain his consent, but did not do so; that he received no consideration for the execution of any of the notes; and that Farnham did not request him to execute them. The jury returned a verdict for the defendant, and this appeal is from the judgment entered thereon, and from an order denying a new trial.
Plaintiff also objected to evidence under the special defense, upon the ground that it does not state facts sufficient to constitute a defense. The special defense, so called, really contains two special defenses: (1) That defendant was not Farnham’s surety, but joined in the execution of the notes for the accommodation of the plaintiffs, to enable them to raise money upon them as collateral; and (2) that, if he were liable as surety, the principal maker had put in plaintiffs’ hands sufficient wheat to pay them, and directed that the proceeds be applied upon the original note, and that they did not so apply it. These defenses should have been separately pleaded; but no objection was taken by motion to require them to be separately stated, nor by special demurrer for ambiguity or uncertainty. Though defectively pleaded, the answer stated a defense, and the objection to evidence upon that ground was properly overruled. So, too, the objection that the agency of Schultz for the plaintiffs is not sufficiently alleged cannot be sustained. The answer in that regard is sufficient, as against an objection to evidence, though defectively pleaded, whatever might have been held if it had been specially demurred to.
The question principally discussed by counsel goes to the sufficiency of the evidence to justify the verdict. The defendant testified that, at the time the original note was executed (September 12, 1887), Mr. Schultz came to him, and said the plaintiffs needed money, that Farnham was owing them, and that he wanted him to go on Farnham’s note so that they could use it as collateral; that Farnham did not request it; that defendant declined to execute it, but Schultz appealed to him, reminding him that he had accommodated him in many ways, that as a friend he wanted him to sign it so he could use it as collateral, and he then agreed to do so; and that the notes in suit were renewals, without any new agreement or consideration. Mr. Schultz testified, in relation to the making of the original note, as follows: “Mr. Eppinger had been up and saw that the account was very large, and said the account had to be reduced, told me to go out and see Farnham, which I did, and told him what Mr. Eppinger
Appellants contend, however, that it is not reasonable that plaintiffs, if they desired to use the note as collateral, would have made it payable one day after date. But, on the other hand, it may be said that, if Kendrick’s purpose was to secure the plaintiffs’ claim against Parnham, it is equally improb
This conclusion makes it unnecessary to consider whether the plaintiffs were bound to apply the proceeds of the wheat delivered to them by Farnham in 1889 upon the old note, nor whether the answer of defendant was such as to make that claim available as a defense. It is well settled that a defendant may plead as many defenses as he may have, though
Appellants also contend that the verdict is against law, because it is in disregard of ten different instructions given them by the court. These" instructions cannot be repeated here. We have examined each one, and each instructs the jury that, if they find, from the evidence, that certain facts exist, their verdict must be for the plaintiffs; but whether those facts exist was a question for the jury. So that the question is not whether there was a palpable violation of the instructions, but whether the evidence justified them in finding upon these facts as the verdict shows they must have done in order to find for the defendant. The fourth instruction given at defendant’s request, relating to the alleged failure of plaintiffs to apply the proceeds of the wheat delivered to them by Farnham in 1889 in payment of the original note, need not be considered, as the verdict of the jury can be sus-, tained under the defense that Kendrick was, as to the plaintiffs, an accommodation maker.
The defendant was asked by his counsel the following question: “At the time of the signing of these renewal notes, what was your understanding as to the purpose of your signature thereto 1 ’ ’ Plaintiffs were not prejudiced by the ruling permitting it to be answered. The witness had already testified to the circumstances surrounding the transaction, that he did not sign them for Farnham, that he was not asked to become security for Farnham, that he received no benefit or anything of value, and that the request therefor came from the plaintiffs. The answer was that “it was to be used in place of other note,” and there was no evidence to the contrary. The following question was also objected to: “Was there any other or further consideration for the signing of the new notes, other than the $2,000 note that had been previously given 1” This question also followed a statement which appeared to be a full recital of all the circumstances connected with the transaction, and was doubtless intended to cover any other possible consideration; and, in the connection in which it was put, cannot properly be considered a conclusion of law. But, if it were so, as there was no evidence tending to show any consideration other than the circumstances already disclosed, we cannot see that plaintiffs were prejudiced.
We concur: Britt, C.; Vanclief, C.
For the reasons given in the foregoing opinion the judgment and order appealed from are affirmed.