People v. Vickers CA5

Filed 9/2/16 P. v. Vickers CA5
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
THE PEOPLE,
F071606
Plaintiff and Respondent,
(Super. Ct. No. SC064720A)
v.
LARRY VICKERS, JR., OPINION
Defendant and Appellant.
THE COURT*
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Kern County. Colette M.
Humphrey, Judge.
Jonathan E. Berger, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and
Appellant.
Office of the State Attorney General, Sacramento, California, for Plaintiff and
Respondent.
-ooOoo-
Larry Vickers, Jr. appeals after the trial court resentenced him following
notification from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation that the
* Before Kane, Acting P.J., Franson, J. and Smith, J.
original sentence imposed was unauthorized because it failed to comply with statutory
requirements. We find no error in the trial court’s actions and affirm the sentence.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL SUMMARY1
In 1995, over a period of a little more than four months, Vickers committed two
crimes both involving the use of a firearm. The two cases were tried together in early
1996.
In the first incident, Vickers, a gang member, was apparently riding in a vehicle
when a member of a rival gang was spotted riding a bicycle. Vickers shot at the victim
with a handgun. The victim ducked behind another vehicle driving down the street.
Victims two and three were inside the vehicle. Four bullets fired by Vickers struck the
vehicle. As a result of this incident, Vickers was convicted of assault with a deadly
weapon (Pen. Code, § 245, subd. (a)(2)),2 shooting at an occupied vehicle (§ 246), and
discharge of a firearm from a vehicle (§ 12034, subd. (c)) (hereafter the assault counts).
In addition, the jury found true the allegations that each crime was committed for the
benefit of a criminal street gang (§ 186.22, subd. (b)(1)), and that Vickers personally used
a firearm in the commission of each crime (§ 12022.5, subd. (a)).
Vickers was sentenced to the upper term of four years for the assault count, and an
additional four years for the firearm enhancement. The sentences on the remaining
counts were stayed.
In the second incident, a fight occurred in the territory of a Crip gang. Vickers ran
out of a nearby house and shot and killed a rival gang member who had been watching
the fight. Vickers was convicted of first degree murder. (§ 187, subd. (a).) In addition,
the jury found true the allegations that the crime was committed for the benefit of a
1 The facts provided herein were obtained from the opinion filed by this court
affirming the convictions (People v. Vickers, Jr. (Mar. 24, 1999, F026449) [nonpub.
opn.]), along with the abstracts of judgment filed in this case.
2 All statutory references are to the Penal Code unless otherwise indicated.
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criminal street gang (§ 186.22, subd. (b)(1)), and Vickers personally used a firearm
during the commission of the crime (§ 12022.5, subd. (a)).
Vickers was sentenced to a term of 25 years to life, plus one year and four months
for the firearm enhancement. The sentence for the criminal street gang enhancement was
stayed. The sentences for the two incidents were imposed consecutively, for a total
determinate term of nine years, four months, and an indeterminate term of 25 years to
life.
In December 2014, apparently Vickers was nearing release from prison. The
California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation sent a letter to the Kern County
Superior Court advising the court that the sentence imposed in this case was
unauthorized. Specifically, it appears that on the murder count the trial court imposed the
firearm enhancement at one-third the midterm, but section 12022.5 required the trial
court impose the enhancement in full and consecutive to the sentence for the underlying
felony.
The trial court resentenced Vickers to four years for the assault count, plus three
years for the firearm enhancement. On the murder count Vickers was again sentenced to
25 years to life, plus three years for the firearm enhancement. Thus the total term
imposed was a determinate term of 10 years, and an indeterminate term of 25 years to
life.
DISCUSSION
Vickers appeals from the sentence imposed. Appellate counsel filed a brief
pursuant to People v. Wende (1979) 25 Cal. 3d 436, asserting that after a thorough review
of the record he could not identify any arguable issues. After reviewing the record, we
agree with appellate counsel.
In 1995, once the enhancement was found true, section 12022.5 required the trial
court to impose “in addition and consecutive to the punishment prescribed for the felony
… of which he or she has been convicted, be punished by an additional term of
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imprisonment in the state prison for 3, 4, or 10 years .…” Trial courts are required to
impose the enhancements for the full term on crimes for which an indeterminate sentence
is imposed. (People v. Felix (2000) 22 Cal. 4th 651, 656.) Therefore, the trial court erred
when it imposed the firearm use enhancement on the murder count at one-third the
midterm sentence.
Because the trial court imposed a sentence which it could not lawfully impose
under the circumstances of this case, it was unauthorized. (People v. Scott (1994) 9
Cal. 4th 331, 354.) When an unauthorized sentence is before the trial court for
resentencing, the trial court may consider all sentencing choices, even if those choices
result in a longer sentence than the unauthorized sentence which was originally imposed.
(In re Ricky H. (1981) 30 Cal. 3d 176, 191; People v. Torres (2008) 163 Cal. App. 4th
1420, 1429-1432.) Therefore, the trial court did not err when it imposed a lawful
sentence that resulted in a longer term of imprisonment.
After appellate counsel filed his brief, we invited Vickers to inform this court of
any issues he wished us to address. Vickers responded to our request by raising two
issues. First, he asserts the trial court lacked jurisdiction over the assault charges
because, prior to trial, these matters were disposed of in juvenile court. This record is
devoid of any support for this argument, therefore we must reject it. If there is merit to
this argument, Vickers must choose a different method to present it to the appropriate
tribunal.
Second, Vickers asserts that because he was 16 at the time he committed the
assault counts, error occurred because a fitness hearing was not held before he was
charged with those crimes in superior court. Once again, we must reject this argument
because the record provides no support for it. We note that pursuant to Welfare and
Institutions Code section 707, subdivision (c) as it existed in 1995, because Vickers was
charged with murder and assault with a firearm, he was “presumed to be not a fit and
proper subject to be dealt with under the juvenile court law,” although the juvenile court
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had discretion to deem the minor would be amenable to the care and treatment available
through the facilities of the juvenile court. Because the record in this appeal does not
contain any of the proceedings that occurred in the juvenile court, we have nothing from
which we could evaluate Vickers’s assertions. We also note, but do not decide, that the
issue may well be time barred.
DISPOSITION
The judgment is affirmed.
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