People v. Guerrero CA4/3

Filed 10/19/20 P. v. Guerrero CA4/3
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION THREE
THE PEOPLE,
Plaintiff and Respondent, G057840, G057843
v. (Super. Ct. Nos. 16CF2953,
15WF1240)
ENRIQUE GUERRERO,
OPINION
Defendant and Appellant.
Appeal from a judgment of the Superior Court of Orange County, David A.
Hoffer, Judge. Appeal dismissed.
Cathryn L. Rosciam and Jill M. Kent, under appointment by the Court of
Appeal, for Defendant and Appellant.
Xavier Becerra, Attorney General, Lance E. Winters, Chief Assistant
Attorney General, Susan Sullivan Pithey, Assistant Attorney General, David E. Madeo
and Gary A. Lieberman, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
* * *
When a defendant is resentenced a trial court must reconsider the entire
sentence, including fines and fees. (See People v. Buycks (2018) 5 Cal. 5th 857, 893; see
also People v. Nilsson (2015) 242 Cal. App. 4th 1, 34.)
In 2018, a trial court ordered defendant Enrique Guerrero to pay certain
fines and fees as part of his sentence. In 2019, the court denied Guerrero’s request to
reduce and/or strike the fines and fees. Guerrero filed this appeal; he is arguing the fines
and fees violate his right to due process of law. (See People v. Dueñas (2019) 30
Cal. App. 5th 1157, 1164.) But earlier this year—as part of a previously filed appeal—this
court vacated part of Guerrero’s 2018 sentence and ordered him to be resentenced.
Thus, because our resentencing order required the trial court to reconsider
its earlier order of fines and fees, we are dismissing this appeal as moot.
I
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
In 2017, a jury convicted Guerrero of being a felon in possession of a
firearm, related crimes, and found true his prior convictions. The trial court imposed a
sentence of nine years, four months (15WF1240). This court affirmed the judgment on
appeal. (People v. Guerrero (Dec. 7, 2018, G055485) [nonpub. opn.].)
In 2018, a jury convicted Guerrero of evading an officer and related crimes.
The trial court found Guerrero committed the crimes while out on bail, and found true his
prior convictions (16CF2953). The court imposed an aggregate sentence (for both cases)
of 12 years, eight months, including two years for two “prison priors.” (Pen. Code,
§ 667.5, subd. (b).) Due to a retroactive change in the law, we vacated the prison priors
and remanded the matter for resentencing in a consolidated appeal. (People v. Guerrero
(Feb. 6, 2020, G056876, G056895) [nonpub. opn.] (Guerrero II).)
On April 9, 2019, while Guerrero II was pending in this court, Guerrero
filed a letter with the trial court asking it to reduce the fines and fees. (See People v.
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Dueñas, supra, 30 Cal. App. 5th 1157.) Guerrero stated: “Duenas was decided several
months after” his sentencing. Guerrero’s counsel stated: “If this court denies this
request, counsel respectfully requests it issue a minute order acknowledging its
consideration and denial of the request.”
On April 9, 2019, the trial court issued a minute order stating it had “read
and considered Correspondence from” Guerrero’s counsel. The court ruled: “Defense
counsel’s request to strike the assessments imposed under Penal Code section 1465.8 and
Government Code is DENIED.”
On June 6, 2019, Guerrero filed a postjudgment notice of appeal in both
cases (16CF2953 & 15WF1240). This court consolidated the appeals. We later filed an
order stating: “Any party who objects to the proposed ordered of dismissal must file and
serve a letter brief setting forth the reasons for its objection by October 8, 2020.”
To date, we have received no letter briefs.
II
DISCUSSION
Generally, a “judgment is rendered when the trial court orally pronounces
sentence. [Citations.] A judgment in a criminal case may consist of a fine, a term of
imprisonment, or both . . . .” (People v. Karaman (1992) 4 Cal. 4th 335, 344, fn. 9.)
“[W]hen part of a sentence is stricken on review, on remand for
resentencing ‘a full resentencing as to all counts is appropriate, so the trial court can
exercise its sentencing discretion in light of the changed circumstances.’” (People v.
Buycks, supra, 5 Cal.5th at p. 893.) The trial court may “reconsider[] its prior sentencing
choices made under the normal rules of felony sentencing . . . , so long as the total prison
term for all affirmed counts does not exceed the original aggregate sentence.” (People v.
Burbine (2003) 106 Cal. App. 4th 1250, 1253.)
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In the earlier appeal, we vacated part of Guerrero’s 2018 sentence and
ordered that he be resentenced. (Guerrero II, supra, G056876, G056895.) Our order for
resentencing necessarily required the trial court to impose a new sentence, including the
fines and fees. (See People v. Buycks, supra, 5 Cal.5th at p. 893 [a full resentencing
hearing is appropriate]; People v. Nilsson, supra, 242 Cal.App.4th at p. 34 [“new
sentences (including terms, fines, fees, and restitution)”].)
Therefore, any challenges to the fines and fees imposed at the 2018
sentencing hearing are moot because those fines and fees are no longer in effect. (See
People v. Echavarria (2017) 13 Cal. App. 5th 1255, 1272; see also In re Joshua C. (1994)
24 Cal. App. 4th 1544, 1547 [“‘As a general rule, “an appeal presenting only abstract or
academic questions is subject to dismissal as moot”’”].)
III
DISPOSITION
The appeal is dismissed.
MOORE, ACTING P.J.
WE CONCUR:
FYBEL, J.
GOETHALS, J.
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