DocketNumber: No. CV 92-0310804-S
Citation Numbers: 1994 Conn. Super. Ct. 5149
Judges: FINEBERG, J.
Filed Date: 5/16/1994
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 7/5/2016
In his Final Decision, issued under date of June 19, 1992, the Commissioner denied the application on the following two grounds:
1. Failure of the Town to satisfy its burden of proof both (a) that the landfill was not polluting either the Pootatuck River, which is downgradient therefrom, or groundwater on downgradient properties, and (b) that the proposed expansion would not cause pollution or exacerbate such pollution as may already have resulted from landfill operations. This proof was to be based on a comprehensive hydrogeologic study as required by RCSA §
2. Failure of the Town to satisfy its burden of proof to demonstrate that the expansion was necessary to meet the State's solid waste disposal needs, as required by General Statutes §
The Commissioner's ruling is directly contrary to the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the hearing officer to whom the matter was assigned, and to those of pertinent Department of Environmental Protection technical personnel, based upon over two years of public hearings, studies, tests and reports. In his Proposed Final Decision, issued pursuant to General Statutes §
The material chronology is summarized in the Proposed Final Decision. On September 14, 1989 the Town filed its application with the Department. As its landfill was then nearing the capacity authorized by its then current permit issued in 1978, the requested expansion was to result in a vertical expansion of approximately 409,000 cubic yards of additional volume and an estimated site life of ten years. The appropriate Department division (WEED) reviewed the application and found it complete.
Hearing Officer Miller held two sets of public hearings on the application. Parties to these proceedings were the Town, the Department and a neighboring landowner who was permitted to intervene. The first such hearing was held on February 14, 1990 in Newtown. There was no opposition to granting the application. As there was no evidence in the record that would indicate that landfill leachate would pollute ground waters beyond the property line, WEED recommended that a properly conditioned permit be issued.
In mid-January 1991, pursuant to General Statutes §
On May 2, 1991, however, the Intervenor advised Hearing Officer Miller that it had changed its position and now opposed the application because of alleged impacts to ground and surface water quality and to the Pootatuck River from the landfill's leachate runoff. Accordingly, Miller reopened the record and authorized the Intervenor to conduct various pertinent tests. Thereafter, Miller conducted additional public hearings in Hartford on August 29, September 6, and September 12, 1991. At these hearings, further testimony and reports were received from the parties' experts and from Department technical personnel. CT Page 5152
As the result of these hearings and the extensive evidence therein presented, Hearing Officer Miller found in favor of the Town. He specifically found "that the evidence clearly demonstrates that contaminates from the landfill are not migrating onto surrounding properties." Miller again recommended issuance of the permit in accordance with the specified conditions of the draft permit.
This appeal is governed by the Uniform Administrative Procedure Act, General Statutes §
The scope of review is limited by Sec.
"Conclusions of law reached by the administrative agency must stand if the court determines that they resulted from a correct application of the law to the facts found and could reasonably and logically follow from such facts." Ottachian v. Freedom of Information Commission,
The Town essentially argues that the Commissioner's ruling respecting actual or potential offsite pollution is contrary to the evidence and unsupported by the record. In this connection the Town proposes that with respect to his review of the findings of a hearing officer, the CT Page 5153 Commissioner be bound by the same standard of review as is imposed on this Court by General Statutes §
The Town's reliance on Preston v. Department ofEnvironmental Protection,
That the ultimate decision making authority rests in the Commissioner, however, does not end the matter. It is axiomatic that the Town was entitled to a fair and impartial hearing. This involves the "opportunity to be heard at a meaningful time and in a meaningful manner."Pet v. Department of Health Services,
Four months intervened between the February 25, 1992 issue date of the Hearing Officer's Proposed Final Decision and the June 19, 1992 issue date of the Commissioner's Final Decision. The record is silent as to what, if anything, occurred during this period resulting in the Commissioner's ruling contrary to the findings and conclusions both of the Hearing Officer and of pertinent Department technical personnel. There is nothing in the record indicating what procedures the Commissioner followed, whom he may have consulted, what additional evidence or reports he may have requested or received, and from whom, or whether he in fact read the entire record.
The Town had no reason to file an exception to the Proposed Final Decision and to request a hearing thereon, as provided in General Statutes §
The Commissioner's concern on the pollution issue boils down to the lack of an appropriate hydrogeologic study. Such a study apparently would be dispositive. Elemental fairness mandated that the Town be apprised of the Commissioner's concern and be given the opportunity further hearing to address the same. It was incumbent upon the Commissioner either to hold a hearing under General Statutes §
The second ground of the Commissioner's ruling, concerning need, stands on a different footing. The Commissioner had already made the determination of need required by General Statutes §
The Commissioner cannot a year and a half later ignore that determination and claim a failure of proof. To do so is clearly erroneous, arbitrary and abuse of discretion. While RCSA §
The only issue remaining open, therefore, is that concerning possible offsite pollution. This issue will be resolved by an appropriate comprehensive hydrogeologic study, as requested by the Commissioner. The Town is authorized forthwith to submit the same, and the record shall forthwith be reopened for the purpose of testimony, evidence and review incident to such study. The study shall be conclusive. If it is consistent with the findings and conclusions set forth in the Proposed Final Decision, a permit shall forthwith issue in accordance with the CT Page 5155 Proposed Final Decision.
The appeal is sustained. The matter is remanded for proceedings consistent herewith.
Fineberg, J.