DocketNumber: No. CV 00-0441611 S
Citation Numbers: 2002 Conn. Super. Ct. 3301
Judges: BOOTH, JUDGE.
Filed Date: 3/12/2002
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 4/18/2021
In a letter dated February 9, 2000, Campbell addressed the plaintiffs concerns regarding the estate proceedings.1 At the time the letter was sent, the plaintiff was representing herself pro se.
The plaintiff filed a two-count complaint on August 1, 2000. Count one alleges intentional infliction of emotional distress, and count two alleges libel. Both counts were in response to the letter that was sent by Campbell to the plaintiff. The plaintiff alleges that the letter which was sent to her, her former attorneys and the probate court, contains false, improper and unsubstantiated statements. She further alleges that the letter contains threats to charge exorbitant amounts for the probate proceedings, threats of a lawsuit and threats to "bury the plaintiff" (Complaint, ¶ 17.)
On October 23, 2001, the defendants filed a motion for summary judgment on the ground that the defendants are immune from liability because the letter was absolutely privileged. With the motion, they filed a memorandum of law and attached supporting documentation. In response, the plaintiff filed an opposing memorandum of law on November 28, 2001. On December 6, 2001, the defendants filed a reply to the plaintiffs opposing memorandum. The plaintiff filed an affidavit in opposition to the defendants' motion for summary judgment on January 11, 2002.
The defendants argue that the motion for summary judgment should be CT Page 3303 granted because there is no material issue of fact in dispute. The defendants argue that there is no genuine issue of material fact because the letter is privileged. They argue that the privilege attached because the letter relates to continuing judicial proceedings. In support of their motion, the defendants submit the following evidence: an affidavit from Campbell dated October 2001, a letter from the plaintiff to Campbell and the letter from Campbell to the plaintiff that forms the basis of the complaint. These documents, the defendants argue, show that the letter was sent in the context of continuing judicial proceedings, i.e., the probate proceeding for Jarvis Cromwell's estate.
The plaintiff argues that the motion for summary judgment should be denied for four reasons. First, the plaintiff asserts that the motion was prematurely filed because the defendants have not filed a responsive pleading to the complaint. Second, the defendants have failed to show that there is no genuine issue of material fact as to the issue of absolute privilege. Specifically, the plaintiff asserts that the letter was not written in the course of judicial proceedings. Third, the statements are not protected by the privilege because they are outrageous and threatening. Fourth, the statements are irrelevant to the judicial proceeding and, as such, are not privileged.
There is no merit to the plaintiffs first argument that the defendants cannot file the present motion for summary judgment prior to filing a responsive pleading to the complaint. Pursuant to Practice Book §
The letter is privileged. "It has long been established that there is an absolute privilege for statements made in judicial proceedings. . . . There is a `long-standing common law rule that communications uttered or published in the course of judicial proceedings are absolutely privileged so long as they are in some way pertinent to the subject of the controversy.'" (Citations omitted.) Petyan v. Ellis,
"The privilege . ., is based upon a public policy of securing to attorneys as officers of the court the utmost freedom in their efforts to secure justice for their clients." 2 Restatement (Second), supra, § 586, comment a. The underlying policy rests on the notion that "the public interest in having people speak freely outweighs the risk that individuals will occasionally abuse the privilege by making false and malicious statements." Petyan v. Ellis, supra,
For communications to be privileged, they must be made in the course of a judicial proceeding. See Petyan v. Ellis, supra,
The defendants argue that the letter is privileged because it was made in the course of judicial proceedings for the estate of Cromwell. The defendants submit a copy of this letter from Campbell to the plaintiff to show that the letter was composed and sent in the course of the probate proceeding. Letters between attorneys that reference in the caption or in the content of the letter, a proposed or ongoing judicial proceeding are absolutely privileged. Irwin v. Cohen,
There is no genuine issue of material fact that the letter at issue is privileged because it was written in the course of judicial proceedings and was sent to the plaintiff in her pro se capacity. The letter references the ongoing probate proceeding of Cromwell's estate. The caption clearly references the proceedings, and states "RE: Estate of Jarvis Cromwell." The content of the letter deals with the federal estate CT Page 3305 tax proceeding, a motion for summary judgment, and the proceeding in the probate court in the state of Maine. The letter discusses the trust, the trustee, and the devisees and their respective legal positions. Campbell avers that he wrote the letter "in connection with and relating to the ongoing Estate proceeding in the Probate Court of Maine"; (affidavit of Campbell, ¶ 8); and that the letter was written "in response to certain complaints made by Oppenheim regarding actions taken by EOC C in the Estate proceeding." (Id., ¶ 7.) Attorney Campbell also avers that he sent the letter to the plaintiff because she was representing herself (Affidavit of Attorney Campbell, ¶ 5.) The letter was, in effect, sent from one attorney to another during a judicial proceeding. The defendants, therefore, have shown that the letter was composed and sent in the course of, or in relation to, the probate proceeding.
The plaintiff argues that the letter was not written in the course of judicial proceedings because there were no ongoing judicial proceedings. The plaintiff, however, offers no evidence to demonstrate that the letter does not relate to the ongoing proceedings of the estate. She has not rebutted the evidence submitted by the defendants that the letter was related to the probate proceeding.
Alternatively, the plaintiff claims that the defendants' statements are not absolutely privileged because they are extreme, outrageous and threatening. The plaintiff points to statements in the letter that she argues are not privileged. For example, Campbell writes, on page three, regarding distributions of the trust by the trustee: "Partial distributions would long since would have been accomplished, in time for the later 1999 market prosperity, if it had not been for what we regard as your extravagant charges and your submissions of what we regard as broadside pleadings, usually unsworn, and later unproven. Those partial distributions are now being made, in spite of your attempts, in our view extraordinary, to delay them." Later, he writes, on page four, that the plaintiffs efforts to get involved in the administration of the trust have been "completely misguided." Near the end of the letter, Campbell writes, "Before a recent Court hearing, you indicated to us that you expected to `bury' Mr. Campbell and Mr. Miller. You did not express the same refined and gentle sentiments toward Patricia Cromwell Miller. In context, we enclose a note about burials which we trust you will consider to be in good taste and the good spirit which has so graced this long proceeding."
The plaintiffs claims of intentional infliction of emotional distress or libel, based on the assertion that the statements contained in the letter are extreme, outrageous and threatening, must fail as a matter of law. Even if the statements are extreme and outrageous, they are absolutely privileged because they relate to continuing judicial CT Page 3306 proceedings. When a communication is absolutely privileged, that plaintiff cannot collect damages. Petvan v. Ellis, supra,
Here, Campbell sent the letter to the plaintiff, her former attorneys in the probate proceedings and the probate court, all of which were closely connected to the proceedings of Cromwell's estate. The plaintiff has failed to offer any evidence that these people who received the letter were not closely related to the judicial proceedings of the estate. She has failed to show that a genuine issue of material fact exists with regard to either the intentional infliction of emotional distress or the libel claims.
Finally, the plaintiff claims that the statements are not privileged because they are irrelevant to the judicial proceeding. The privilege, however, protects defamatory material that references the subject matter of proposed or pending judicial proceedings and does not need to be "strictly relevant to any issue involved in" the proceedings. Restatement (Second), supra, § 586, comment c. The plaintiff avers that the letter is not relevant to judicial proceedings because it was addressed to her instead of the probate court and were not required filings. (Affidavit of plaintiff, § 13.) The court has found, however, that letters addressed to opposing counsel and not the court are relevant to judicial proceedings. See generally Irwin v. Cohen, supra,
Booth, J