DocketNumber: No. CV94 031 59 80 S
Citation Numbers: 1994 Conn. Super. Ct. 12914
Judges: PETRONI, JUDGE.
Filed Date: 12/15/1994
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 4/18/2021
The plaintiff, Mary Jo Veverka, filed a single count complaint on August 11, 1994, seeking foreclosure of a one-year mortgage of residential real estate owned by the defendants, Birgitta and Richard J. Cole. The defendants filed an answer, CT Page 12915 special defenses and a counterclaim on October 14, 1994, which they amended on November 25, 1994, alleging three special defenses and seven counterclaims on November 22, 1994.
The defendants assert three special defenses in the operative pleading: duress, fraud, and breach of the covenant of good faith. They also bring a seven count counterclaim alleging: breach of the lease, unjust enrichment, fraud, breach of the covenant of good faith, intentional infliction of emotional distress, negligent infliction of emotional distress and a violation of the Connecticut Unfair Trade Practices Act.
On October 20, 1994, the defendants filed a claim for a jury trial. The plaintiffs filed a motion to strike portion of the jury claim and a memorandum in support on November 3, 1994. The defendants filed an objection to the motion to strike portion of defendants' jury claim and a memorandum in support on November 21, 1994.
Practice Book § 282 provides:
If in the opinion of the court a case or matter is improperly upon a trial or assignment list, it will be stricken from the list, or otherwise disposed of, at the discretion of the court. Cases may at any time, by order of the court, be placed on either list.
A party may move that a case be stricken from the jury docket. See Associated Investment Co. Ltd. Partnership v. WilliamsAssociates IV,
The right to a jury trial is provided by General Statutes §
The plaintiff moves to strike the portion of the case involving her claim from the jury docket on the ground that a CT Page 12916 foreclosure action is an action in equity, and therefore no right to a jury trial attaches to the action.
The defendants contend that their counterclaim states causes of action which are legal in nature and therefore the action is properly claimed to the jury docket and the jury claim may not be stricken as to the single claim of foreclosure.
"[F]oreclosure actions are equitable in nature and, therefore, do not give rise to a right to a jury trial under article
When legal and equitable issues are combined in a single action, whether the right to a jury trial attaches depends upon the relative importance of the two types of claims. Where incidental issues of fact are presented in an action essentially equitable, the court may determine them without a jury in the exercise of its equitable powers. . . . Where, however, the essential basis of the action is such that the issues presented would be properly cognizable in an action of law, either party has a right to have legal issues tried to the jury, even though equitable relief is asked in order to give full effect to the legal rights claimed. . . .
(Citations omitted, internal quotation marks omitted.) Id. "To determine whether the action is essentially legal or essentially equitable, [a court] must examine the pleadings in their entirety." Texaco, Inc. v. Golart,
A case presenting issues both in equity and law may be claimed for the jury list, but unless the court otherwise orders, only the issues at law shall be assigned for trial by the jury. Whenever such an action has been placed upon the docket as a jury case, no determination of the equitable issues raised by the pleadings shall prevent a jury trial of the claim for damages . . . unless the determination of the equitable issues has necessarily adjudicated all the facts upon which the claim for damages rests. CT Page 12917
See also General Statutes §
Moreover, the plaintiff in this action is not seeking to strike the entire case from the jury docket. The plaintiff seeks only to have the foreclosure claim stricken from the jury docket. It is submitted that the plaintiff's motion to strike from the jury docket should not affect the defendants' legal defenses and counterclaim. "When separate and distinct claims or issues are joined, one in equity, as the plaintiff['s] claim here, and one in law, as defendant[s'] special defenses and counterclaim, the defendant has a right to have a jury trial of its legal claims or cause of action." Memoli v. Spodnick,
The supreme court recently ruled in a foreclosure action that "the defendants are entitled to a jury trial only on their legal counterclaim and not on the foreclosure action." NortheastSavings, F.A. v. Plymouth Commons Realty Corp. , supra,
Moreover, if "the legal issues raised by the defendant[s] are merely incidental to, ancillary to, or collateral to the equitable relief or that such legal issues are subordinate in importance to the equitable claim of foreclosure," the defendants would not have a right to a jury trial of those legal claims.Memoli v. Spodnick, supra,
The supreme court recognized that "a joint trial of the legal and equitable claims will often serve the interest of judicial economy." Northeast Savings. F.A. v. Plymouth Commons RealtyCorp. , supra,
Section
For the foregoing reasons, the plaintiff's motion to strike the foreclosure action from the jury docket should be and is granted.
ROMEO G. PETRONI, JUDGE