DocketNumber: No. CV 99-0430252 S
Citation Numbers: 2002 Conn. Super. Ct. 12262
Judges: ARNOLD, JUDGE.
Filed Date: 9/27/2002
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 4/17/2021
The plaintiffs have filed an action against the defendant for publishing articles that reported the arrest of the plaintiffs on kidnapping and assault charges. The articles were based on information and reports generated by law enforcement services. The plaintiffs argue that the article is false except for the reporting of the plaintiffs' names and addresses.
The defendant argues that it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law because: (1) the article is entitled to the "fair reporting privilege; and/or (2) the plaintiffs failed to seek a retraction pursuant to General Statutes §
The plaintiff Mackowski alleges that "on January 26, and January 27, 1998, the defendant published one or more articles in which the plaintiff. . . . was accused of assaulting and kidnapping. . . .", and that "the said statements were false." The plaintiff Alfano in a separate Count Two, alleges the same. An inspection of the plaintiffs' responses to the defendant's requests for production and interrogatories reveals that there is one newspaper article in question, and that is an article printed by the New Haven Register on January 26, 1998, which reported the arrests of the plaintiffs. A second article regarding the plaintiffs' arrests was printed by the Connecticut Post newspaper on January 27, 1998. The Connecticut Post is not a defendant to this action, and therefore, the court will limit its review only to the New havenRegister article of January 26, 1998. CT Page 12263
Summary judgment is appropriate in defamation cases involving the media, where the prompt resolution of litigation is necessary to prevent the chilling of free speech and freedom of the press. Woodcock v. JournalPublishing Co.,
The plaintiffs do not dispute that they were arrested for charges related to kidnapping, assault and possession of marijuana. They additionally, do not dispute that the references to "violent acts" against the victim, contained in the New Haven Register newspaper article of January 26, 1998, are based on a State of Connecticut Department of Public Safety State Police report, dated January 24, 1998, bearing State Police Case Number "F98-026229," a copy of which has been furnished to the court by the defendant. Said police report contains a statement of the victim, which has been signed by the victim. All parties, hereto, agree that on the same day that the article appeared in the defendant's newspaper, the charges against the plaintiffs were dismissed in court. Neither plaintiff expended any monies to hire an attorney to defend them CT Page 12264 on the criminal charges. The plaintiff Mackowski paid the sum of $1500 to a bail bondsman to secure the release of himself and Alfano from police custody. The plaintiff Alfano expended no money to secure his release. Neither plaintiff demanded a retraction from the defendant pursuant to General Statutes §
The plaintiffs in filing their actions against the defendant argue that had the defendant exercised reasonable care prior to publishing the statements of the victim contained in the police report, "the defendant would have known the statements were untrue," and that the statements were "defamatory per se." The plaintiff's also allege that the defendant in the exercise of due care "should have known at the statement would cause the plaintiff's emotional distress which could lead to physical injury." The plaintiffs argue that the defendant should have made an effort to contact the plaintiffs or otherwise investigate the accuracy of the allegations before publishing them.
"In any action for a libel the defendant may give proof of intention; and unless the plaintiff proves either malice in fact or that the defendant, after having been requested by him in waiting to retract the libelous charge, in as public a manner in which it was made, failed to do so within a reasonable time, he shall recover nothing but such actual damage as he may have specially alleged and proved."
The phrase special damages in §
Absent special damages, the plaintiffs in order to prevail, must prove that the defendant published the article with malice-in-fact." "Malice is not restricted to hatred, spite or ill will against a plaintiff, but includes any improper or unjustifiable motive." Bleich v. Ortiz,
The plaintiffs have not submitted any evidence that would establish the defendant's subjective knowledge or awareness that the victim's statements to the police authorities were false at the time the defendant published its newspaper article. In reviewing the plaintiff's responses to the defendant's requests for production and interrogatories, the court notes that the plaintiffs admit they were arrested for the charges listed in the defendant's article. They do not deny that references in the newspaper relating to "violent acts . . . carried out "against the victim; are contained in a report to the Connecticut State Department of Public Safety, Division of State Police, made at the time of the incident. Both plaintiffs admit that the defendant's article was based on law enforcement sources and that the defendant's article was published prior to the dismissal of criminal charges against the plaintiffs. CT Page 12266 Lastly, both plaintiffs admit they did not seek a retraction of the article from the defendant.
The privilege enjoys recognition in jurisdictions across the country and protects the public's "strong interest in receiving information about what occurs in official proceedings and public meetings that it may oversee the performance of public officials and institutions." 1 Sack on Defamation, § 7.3.2 at 7-16, 7-21 (3rd Ed. 2001). See also Cianciv. New Times Pub. Co.,
The plaintiff argues that there is no authority in Connecticut for the so-called "fair reporting privilege and that no Connecticut court has even adopted such a privilege. The plaintiff contends that the case ofMiller v. News Syndicate Co.,
In Miller, the basis of the plaintiffs' complaints is an article which appeared in the New York Daily News describing the arrest of five persons, including Miller, on an indictment which alleged participation in a large drug smuggling syndicate. Miller was a resident of Orange, Connecticut. Miller complained that the article contained material that was "fake, malicious and defamatory." He further alleged that he demanded that the Daily News retract the article, but they refused to do so. The United States District Court for the District of Connecticut granted the defendant's motion for summary judgment finding that under General Statutes §
An arrest by a law enforcement officer is an official action. A report of the fact of the arrest and of the criminal charge made by a law enforcement officer and of the contents of an arrest warrant or arrest report are within the fair report privilege. Restatement (Second) Torts § 611, cmt.h.
Accordingly, for the reasons set forth herein, the defendant New HavenRegister's motion for summary judgment as to all counts of the plaintiffs' Complaint and Revised Complaint is hereby granted.
The Court,
Arnold, J.
James Miller v. News Syndicate Co., Inc., Helen Parthenios ... , 445 F.2d 356 ( 1971 )
vincent-a-cianci-jr-v-new-times-publishing-company-new-times , 639 F.2d 54 ( 1980 )
Rosenbloom v. Metromedia, Inc. , 91 S. Ct. 1811 ( 1971 )
Proto v. Bridgeport Herald Corporation , 136 Conn. 557 ( 1950 )
Corsello v. Emerson Brothers, Inc. , 106 Conn. 127 ( 1927 )
Goodrich v. Waterbury Republican-American, Inc. , 188 Conn. 107 ( 1982 )