DocketNumber: No. CV95-0374941S
Citation Numbers: 1998 Conn. Super. Ct. 1774, 22 Conn. L. Rptr. 460
Judges: SILBERT, JUDGE.
Filed Date: 8/26/1998
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 4/17/2021
Because the plaintiff suffers from AIDS, he has already successfully moved to seal the file. Furthermore, in response to the court's invitation, the parties have agreed that the plaintiff may proceed under the fictitious name of Michael Doe. The plaintiff now seeks a protective order pursuant to General Statutes §
The defendant Protective Life does not object to the concept of a protective order but suggests that the broad order proposed by the plaintiff unfairly hampers its ability to defend. The defendant Farricielli argues that the limitations on disclosure of "confidential HIV-related information," pursuant to General Statutes §
The latter contention is disposed of by a review of the wording of the statute itself. General Statutes §
The debates concerning General Statutes §
In Doe v. Marselle,
In holding that a willful disclosure of confidential HIV-related information meant "a knowing disclosure," and thus reversing the Appellate Court, the Supreme Court reasoned that a CT Page 1776 legislative history which revealed an intent to "combat the AIDS epidemic, beginning with protecting confidentiality"; Doe v.Marselle, supra,
In Barese v. Clark, Superior Court, judicial district of New Haven, Docket No. 389890, (November 6, 1996) (McMahon, J.) (18 CONN. L. RPTR. 195, 197), the court denied the defendant prosecutor's motion to strike the plaintiff's complaint sounding in defamation, fraud, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. It reasoned that in light of the statutory protection of confidential HIV information in Connecticut, it was not clear that the defendant prosecutor was absolutely immune from liability for revealing at a sentencing hearing that a party who had bitten the plaintiff while burglarizing her home was infected with HIV.
The issue of HIV status disclosure in the context of discovery arose in the case of Doe v. Meachum,
In Doe v. Meachum, supra,
The district court also affirmed the magistrate's granting of the plaintiffs' subsequent motion as to the plaintiffs' using fictitious names when testifying. The court reasoned that the plaintiffs' use of fictitious names without testimony of sufficiently detailed nature to compromise their identities, was analogous to cases involving abortion, mental illness, personal safety, homosexuality, trans-sexuality, illegitimacy, and abandonment of children, the common thread being the presence of some social stigma or the threat of physical harm to the plaintiffs attaching to disclosure of their identities to the public record. Id., 453. The district court also affirmed the magistrate's denial of the plaintiffs' subsequent motion to testify in chambers with a redacted tape of the testimony thereafter released to the public and press, as such in camera testimony would exclude the press and public from access to complete court proceedings. Id., 460.
It is thus apparent that our statutes mandate diligent efforts to protect individuals from the disclosure of their HIV status and that some form of protective order is appropriate in this case to protect this plaintiff's privacy right with regard to his being HIV-positive. The inquiry, therefore, must now turn CT Page 1778 to whether the broad protections proposed by the plaintiff are appropriate, or whether some less stringent restrictions on discovery can be employed to accomplish the legitimate purposes of the statute and of a protective order. This court agrees with the court in Doe v. Meachum that a protective order should limit "[disclosure] to the named defendants to the extent necessary to litigate the case" and that it should consider "[disclosure]" to other persons upon notice to the plaintiffs' counsel and application to the court." Unlike the situation in Doe, there is no need to be concerned about "[disclosure] for exigent penal or law enforcement purposes."
The plaintiff requested the following order:
That no discovery shall take place in this case except in strict accordance with the following:
1. No one connected with this litigation, including but not limited to any party to this case, counsel for a party, nor any agent, or employee of such party shall directly or indirectly divulge or allow to be divulged the AIDS status of plaintiff or any information regarding the plaintiff to any person or entity whatever, except with the specific prior approval of the plaintiff or the court, after notice to the plaintiff. Permission will not be granted under any circumstances unless and until the proposed recipient signs an agreement, acceptable in form to the court, acknowledging the reading and understanding of this order, and promising, under pain of contempt, not to reveal such information any further.
All information concerning the plaintiff held by anyone connected with this litigation as aforesaid shall be kept secure, and be made available for destruction at the conclusion of this litigation or at any other such time as this court may order.
2. Any document filed in this cause that could directly or indirectly reveal plaintiff's AIDS status must be filed under seal, to be opened only under order of this court.
3. Any deposition of the plaintiff will be either (a) "veiled deposition" wherein the physical characteristics and appearance of the plaintiff are not disclosed; or (b) a deposition by written question only. CT Page 1779
4. Any deposition with the plaintiff physically present must be taken with no person present other than a person who is permitted to be present pursuant to compliance with paragraph one hereof. This restriction specifically includes any court reporter or other person engaged to record testimony. Such deposition should be rescheduled for a time at which the court will be available to rule on objections to questions. If it is not feasible, then questions not objected shall be answered at the deposition, and a record made of the objected to questions, including the basis for objection, which record shall be forwarded (under seal, in keeping with the general provisions of this order) to the court for resolution.
5. All depositions and interrogatories in this matter will be kept under seal pending further order of this court.
6. Any interrogatories to be propounded will first be submitted to the court for approval.
The order proposed by the plaintiff is far more restrictive than is necessary to accomplish the purposes of the statutory confidentiality provisions with regard to HIV positive persons. Those purposes, as well as the legitimate purposes of civil discovery, may be accomplished by entry of the following order:
1) No one connected with this litigation, including but not limited to any party to this case, attorney for a party, nor any agent, or employee of such party or attorney shall directly or indirectly divulge or allow to be divulged the HIV and/or AIDS status of plaintiff, or any information regarding the plaintiff's identity, to any person or entity whatever, except with the specific prior approval of the plaintiff or the court, after notice to the plaintiff. Permission will not be granted unless the proposed recipient has signed an agreement, in a form acceptable to the court, acknowledging the reading and understanding of this order, and promising not to reveal such information any further, provided, however, that permission need not be sought prior to an attorney's discussing such information with his or her clients or with other attorneys and employees in his or her firm, who will also be bound by the terms of this order.
2) All information concerning the plaintiff held by anyone connected with this litigation shall be kept secure and be made CT Page 1780 available for destruction at the conclusion of this litigation or at any other such time as this court may order.
3) Any document filed in this case that could directly or indirectly reveal plaintiff's HIV and/or AIDS status must be filled under seal, to be opened only under order of this court.
4) Any deposition with the plaintiff physically present must be taken with no person present other than a person who is in compliance with the provisions of paragraph one of this Order. Questions shall be answered at the deposition in accordance with the standard rules governing depositions, and a record made of any objected to questions, including the basis for objection, which record shall be forwarded to the court under seal for eventual resolution.
5. All depositions and interrogatories in this matter will be kept under seal pending further order of this court.
SILBERT, J.