DocketNumber: No. CV970569803
Citation Numbers: 1998 Conn. Super. Ct. 433
Judges: HALE, STATE JUDGE REFEREE.
Filed Date: 1/26/1998
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 4/18/2021
The plaintiff further alleges that although it has formed all of the obligations under the terms of its subcontract with O'Really, the plaintiff has not been paid. On May 16, 1996, the plaintiff filed and served a mechanic's lien. By order of the court, a bond was substituted for the mechanic's lien, with Boston Development as principal and American Casualty as surety.
In count one of the plaintiff's complaint, the plaintiff claims rights under a bond substituted for a mechanic's lien. Count two alleges that CT Page 434 Cornucopia, as property owner, has been unjustly enriched. Count three alleges a breach of contract as to Cornucopia. Count four alleges that Boston Development has been unjustly enriched. Count five involves a breach of contract claim against O'Really and in count six, the plaintiff claims rights under a bond substituted for a mechanic's lien.
The defendants, Cornucopia, Boston Development and American Casualty now move to strike counts one, two, three, four and six of the plaintiff's complaint. Pursuant to Practice Book § 155, the defendants filed a memorandum of law in support of their motion to strike and the plaintiff has filed a memorandum of law in opposition.
"The purpose of a motion to strike is to contest . . the legal sufficiency of the allegations of any complaint . . . to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. In ruling on a motion to strike, the court is limited to the facts alleged in the complaint. . . . The court must construe the facts in the complaint most favorably to the plaintiff." (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Novametrix MedicalSystems, Inc. v. BOC Group, Inc.,
The defendants move to strike counts one and six on the ground that the plaintiff failed to join one or more necessary parties. "[T]he exclusive remedy for nonjoinder of parties is by motion to strike. . . . This exclusive remedy applies to nonjoinder of indispensable parties." (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) George v. St.Ann's Church,
The defendants argue in support of their motion to strike counts one and six that the plaintiff's lien rights are equal in priority to those of two non-parties who have also filed mechanic's liens on the premises. The defendants rely on General Statutes §
The plaintiff argues that the other lienholders are not necessary to the present action. Specifically, the plaintiff claims that the defendants are merely speculating that the other lienholders have interests that might be affected by judgment in this action and that this is insufficient to qualify them as necessary parties. Finally, the plaintiff claims that the apportionment scheme of General Statutes §
In DG Plumbing Heating Co. v. Malon, Superior Court, judicial district of Tolland at Rockville, Docket No. 54351 (January 13, 1995) (
Because the plaintiff does not have priority over the other mechanic's lienholders and therefore, they cannot be foreclosed out, their presence is not absolutely necessary to assure a fair trial in the present case. SeeDG Plumbing Heating Co. v. Malon, supra,
The defendants also move to strike counts one and six because the plaintiff has failed to allege the existence of a lienable fund to which the plaintiff's mechanic's lien can attach. While the defendants correctly argue that a mechanics lien is limited to the unpaid contract debt owed by the owner to the general contractor,2 the defendants have provided no legal authority, as required by Practice Book § 155, in support of CT Page 436 their contention that a plaintiff must plead and prove the existence of a lienable fund as part of its prima facie case. See R R Pool Patio v.Marron, Superior Court, judicial district of Stamford-Norwalk at Stamford, Docket No. 146022 (December 21, 1995, Hickey, J.) (
The defendants also move to strike counts two and four on the ground that they fail to state a claim for unjust enrichment. Specifically, the defendants claim that counts two and four are fatally deficient because the plaintiff failed to allege that Cornucopia and Boston Development did not pay for the plaintiff's work. The defendants claim that "Paganelli pleaded that it did not receive payment. However, Paganelli did not plead that Cornucopia and Boston Development failed to make the payment." (Defendants' Memorandum of Law, p. 10.)
"A right of recovery under the doctrine of unjust enrichment is essentially equitable, its basis being that in a given situation it is contrary to equity and good conscience for one to retain a benefit which has come to him at the expense of another. . . . With no other test than what, under a given set of circumstances, is just or unjust, equitable or inequitable, conscionable or unconscionable, it becomes necessary in any case where the benefit of the doctrine is claimed, to examine the circumstances and the conduct of the parties and apply this standard. . . . " (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Barbara Weisman, Trustee v. Kaspar,
"Unjust enrichment is a very broad and flexible equitable doctrine . . . which has as its basis that it is contrary to equity and good conscience for the defendant to retain a benefit which has come to him at the expense of the plaintiff. . . . " (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Eastern Metal Products, Inc. v. Deperry,
In the present case, counts two and four of the plaintiff's complaint allege essentially the same thing. The plaintiff incorporates all of the allegations in the previous paragraphs and argues that the plaintiff provided services for the benefit of the defendants, Cornucopia and Boston Development. These services have a reasonable economic value of $78,571.73 plus interest, which remains unpaid. The plaintiff further alleges that because these services benefited the defendants Cornucopia and Boston Development, and because the plaintiff has not been paid, the defendants have been unjustly enriched to the plaintiff's detriment.
In the opinion of this court counts two and four of the complaint support a claim for unjust enrichment. The plaintiff's allegation that the defendants were benefited by the plaintiff's services and that the plaintiff has not been paid satisfies the requirement that the plaintiff allege that the defendant has not paid the plaintiff for the benefits received. In fact, count four of the plaintiff's complaint alleges that "[by] virtue of the labor and materials plaintiff provided to the defendant, Boston Development, which defendant refused to pay for, the defendant is unjustly enriched to the plaintiff's detriment." Accordingly, it is the court's opinion that the defendants' motion to strike counts two and four should be denied.
Finally, the defendants move to strike count three on the ground that the contract claim is fatally defective because it contains no allegation that there ever existed a contract between the plaintiff and Cornucopia. The plaintiff counters that it has properly alleged the existence of a contract. Specifically, the plaintiff argues that because the plaintiff, as a mechanic's lienor is subrogated to the rights of the general contractor, Boston Development, with whom Cornucopia had a contract, the plaintiff has set forth a sufficient claim for breach of contract.
Practice Book § 155 provides in relevant part that "[e]ach motion to strike must be accompanied by an appropriate memorandum of law citing the legal authorities upon which the motion relies." In the present case, the defendants have provided no legal authorities in support of their motion to strike count three. Accordingly, that motion can be denied on that ground alone.
However, the plaintiff has alleged the existence of a contract between Cornucopia and Boston Development, the general contractor. Pursuant to General Statutes
For the foregoing reasons the court denies the defendants' motion to strike counts one, two, three, four and six of the plaintiff's complaint.
Robert J. Hale State Judge Referee