McNeil v. Options Public Charter School

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
JUDIE MCNEIL,
Parent and next friend of J.M., a minor
Plaintiffs,
Civil Action No. 12-529
v. DAR
OPTIONS PUBLIC CHARTER SCHOOL,
Defendant.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Plaintiff Judie McNeil initially brought this action, in her own right and on behalf of her
minor child, J.M. (“Plaintiffs”), to recover $19,293.57 in attorneys’ fees and costs that Plaintiffs
incurred in connection with administrative proceeding conducted pursuant to the Individuals
with Disabilities Education Act (“IDEA”), 20 U.S.C. §1400, et seq. See Complaint for
Declaratory Judgment, Injunctive and Other Relief (Document No. 1).
On March 1, 2013, the undersigned United States Magistrate Judge recommended that
the Court grant in part and deny in part Plaintiffs’ Motion for Summary Judgment. See Report
and Recommendation (Document No. 16); McNeil v. Options Pub. Charter Sch., No. 12-0529,
2012 WL 791199, at * 4 (D.D.C. Mar. 1, 2013). The undersigned recommended a reduction of
the number of hours for which Plaintiffs sought fees, to reflect their limited success in the
underlying administrative proceeding. McNeil, 2013 WL 791199, at *7. 1 On March 25, 2013,
the Court (Sullivan, J.), sua sponte, stayed proceedings in this case pending further order of the
1
“Because Plaintiffs’ success was limited to one of the six issues raised in the due process complaint, the
undersigned recommend[ed] a reduction of the number of hours for which fees will be awarded to one-sixth of the
number of hours claimed.” McNeil, 2013 WL 791199, at *7.
McNeil v. Options Public Charter School 2
Court. See 03/25/2013 Minute Order. On May 23, 2014, the Court granted Plaintiffs’
unopposed motion to lift the stay, adopted the Report and Recommendation filed by the
undersigned, and awarded Plaintiff $11.439.51 in attorneys’ fees. See 05/23/2014 Minute Order.
On June 27, 2014, Defendant filed Defendant’s Motion to Correct the Court’s May 23,
2014 Minute Order. See Motion to Correct (Document No. 21) at 1. Defendant asserted that the
Court made a mistake in its calculation of attorneys’ fees by awarding Plaintiffs $11,439.51
instead of $1,914.54. Id. at 3; see also Memorandum of Points and Authorities in Support of
Motion to Correct the Court’s May 23, 2014 Minute Order at 2–3. On June 27, 2014, the Court
(Sullivan, J.), granted Defendant’s motion and amended the Order to reflect an award of fees in
the amount of $1,914.54. See 07/03/2014 Minute Order.
Plaintiffs now seek to recover fees and costs incurred in that fee litigation. Plaintiffs’
Motion for Attorneys’ Fees (“Plaintiffs’ Motion”) (Document No. 19). Upon consideration of
the motion, the memoranda in support thereof and the opposition thereto, the exhibits offered by
the parties, and the entire record herein, the undersigned will grant in part and deny in part
Plaintiffs’ motion.
CONTENTIONS OF THE PARTIES
Plaintiffs submit that they are prevailing parties and thus are eligible for an additional
award of fees for the time spent on obtaining attorneys’ fees. Memorandum of Points and
Authorities Submitted in Support of the Plaintiffs’ Motion for Attorneys’ Fees (“Plaintiffs’
Memorandum”) (Document No. 19) at 4–5. Plaintiffs assert that the hours expended in the fees
litigation are reasonable. See id. at 5–7. Plaintiffs further contend that they have fully
documented their attorneys’ fees by attaching a detailed itemization of tasks performed and
hours expended on this case; an affidavit from James E. Brown describing the billing practices
McNeil v. Options Public Charter School 3
and specialization of the firm and also the qualifications of Ms. Neloms, who completed work on
this case before leaving the firm in 2012; and an affidavit from Robert Jones detailing his
qualifications, skill, and experience. See Plaintiffs’ Memorandum at 5; see also Plaintiffs’
Invoice; Exhibit 2 (“Jones Affidavit”) (Document No. 19-2) at 5–7; Exhibit 3 (“Brown
Affidavit”) (Document No. 19-2) at 9–10.
Plaintiffs assert that the hourly rates requested are reasonable and reflect the applicable
hourly rate for attorneys with the demonstrated skills, experience, and reputation of Plaintiffs’
attorneys. See Plaintiffs’ Memorandum at 7–9. Furthermore, Plaintiffs have “voluntarily chosen
to limit their fee request to ¾ of the Laffey matrix rate.” Id. at 8. 2 Accordingly, Plaintiffs seek a
total of $6,690.07, which includes $6,540.07 in attorneys’ fees at the rates of $333.75 per hour
for work performed by Roxanne Neloms and $217.50 per hour for work performed by Robert W.
Jones. See Plaintiffs’ Memorandum at 6; see also Exhibit 1 (“Plaintiffs’ Invoice”) (Document
No. 19-2) at 2–3. 3
Defendant, in its opposition, does not contest Plaintiffs’ entitlement to fees, counsel’s
billing rates, or specific time entries. See generally Defendant’s Memorandum of Points and
Authorities in Opposition to Plaintiff[s]’ Motion for Attorneys’ Fees (“Defendant’s
Memorandum”) (Document No. 22) at 1–2. Rather, Defendant contends that Plaintiffs’ fee
request is unreasonable with respect to the “degree of success obtained through this litigation.”
2
The Laffey matrix is “a schedule of charges based on years of experience developed in Laffey v. Northwest
Airlines, Inc., 572 F. Supp. 354 (D.D.C. 1983), rev’d on other grounds, 746 F.2d 4 (D.C. Cir. 1984), cert. denied,
472 U.S. 1021 [105 S. Ct. 3488, 3489, 87 L. Ed. 2d 622] [ ](1985).” Covington v. Dist. of Columbia, 57 F.3d 1101,
1105 (D.C. Cir. 1995) (footnote omitted). The Civil Division of the United States Attorney’s Office for the District
of Columbia updates and maintains a Laffey matrix, available at
https://www.justice.gov/usaodc/file/796471/download.
3
In this case, Ms. Neloms’ applicable Laffey rate is $445 per hour and Mr. Jones’ rate is $290 per hour for the
2012–2013 period. See Plaintiffs’ Memorandum at 8.
McNeil v. Options Public Charter School 4
Id. Accordingly, Defendant submits that the Court should award Plaintiffs no more than $669.00
in fees “given the extremely limited success obtained though this litigation.” Id. at 2.
In reply, Plaintiffs maintain that in the instant case, “there were effectively two issues
presented before the Court: whether the Plaintiffs were entitled to an award of attorneys’ fees,
and if so what amount of fees.” Plaintiffs’ Reply to the Defendant’s Opposition to the Plaintiff’s
Motion for Attorneys’ Fees (“Plaintiffs’ Reply”) at 3. Thus, Plaintiffs contend that “there are no
separate issues on which the Plaintiffs failed to prevail which are unrelated to the issues on
which they prevailed.” Id. With respect to the number of hours claimed, Plaintiffs contend that
the hours were reasonably expended in demonstrating that they prevailed in the underlying fee
litigation and are entitled to an award of attorneys’ fees. See id. As an example, Plaintiffs
contend that as part of the initial fee litigation, the parties presented oral arguments on the
motion for summary judgment before the undersigned. See id.; 11/05/2013 Minute Entry.
Plaintiff further argues that the hours expended were necessary to secure any relief for Plaintiffs
because Defendant had “strenuously” challenged Plaintiffs’ prevailing party status and
entitlement to any award of fees. See id. at 4. Finally, Plaintiff maintains that because
Defendant “presented no arguments contesting the rate at which fees are sought or the specific
time entries[,]” the Court should find that Defendant has conceded those issues. Id. at 4–5.
APPLICABLE STANDARDS
In actions for attorney’s fees that are brought pursuant to the IDEA, “the court, in its
discretion, may award reasonable attorneys’ fees as part of the costs” to the prevailing party. 20
U.S.C. § 1415(i)(3)(B)(i). “Parties who prevail at the administrative level can also recover fees-
on-fees, as our general rule is that the court may award additional fees for ‘time reasonably
devoted to obtaining attorney’s fees.’” Kaseman v. District of Columbia, 444 F.3d 637, 640
McNeil v. Options Public Charter School 5
(D.C. Cir. 2006) (quoting Envtl. Def. Fund v. EPA, 672 F.2d 42, 62 (D.C. Cir. 1982)). In
evaluating such a request, the Court must first determine “whether the party seeking attorney’s
fees is the prevailing party,” and if so, must then evaluate whether the requested fees are
reasonable. Wood v. District of Columbia, 72 F. Supp. 3d 13, 18 (D.D.C. 2014) (citing Staton v.
District of Columbia, No. 13–773, 2014 WL 2700894, at *3 (D.D.C. June 11, 2014), adopted by,
2014 WL 2959017; Douglas v. District of Columbia, 67 F. Supp. 3d 36, 40 (D.D.C. 2014)).
As the Circuit recently observed, “[t]he IDEA provides no further guidance for
determining an appropriate fee award.” Eley v. District of Columbia, 793 F.3d 97, 100 (D.C.
Cir. 2015). Thus, the common mechanism for the determination of a reasonable award is
generally “the number of hours reasonably expended” multiplied by a reasonable hourly rate.
Wood, 72 F. Supp. 3d at 18 (citing Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 433 (1983)). The party
requesting fees bears the burden of demonstrating the reasonableness of the hours expended, and
“may satisfy this burden by submitting an invoice that is sufficiently detailed to permit the
District Court to make an independent determination whether or not the hours claimed are
justified.” Id. (citing Hensley, 461 U.S. at 433).
The party requesting fees “also bears the burden of establishing the reasonableness of the
hourly rate sought,” and in doing so, “must submit evidence on at least three fronts: the
attorneys’ billing practices; the attorneys’ skill, experience, and reputation; and the prevailing
market rates in the relevant community.” Wood, 72 F. Supp. 3d at 18–19 (internal quotation
marks omitted) (citing In re North, 59 F.3d 184, 189 (D.C. Cir. 1995)). If the party requesting
fees satisfies its burden, “there is a presumption that the number of hours billed and the hourly
rates are reasonable,” and “the burden then shifts to the [opposing party] to rebut” this
presumption. Id. (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).
McNeil v. Options Public Charter School 6
In this jurisdiction, the Laffey Matrix serves as the commonly accepted benchmark for the
determination of prevailing market rates for attorneys’ fees in complex federal court litigation.
See Eley, 793 F.3d at 100. “The prevailing market rate provides merely a starting point for
determining the reasonableness of a billing rate . . . . The fee applicant should also submit
evidence, including affidavits, regarding her counsel’s general billing practices, skill, experience
and reputation.” Wood, 72 F. Supp. 3d at 21 (quoting Baker v. District of Columbia Pub. Sch.,
815 F. Supp. 2d 102, 114 (D.D.C. 2011)) (citations omitted) (internal quotation marks and
alterations omitted).
While no provision of IDEA expressly provides for an award of attorney’s fees
reasonably incurred for prevailing in the underlying litigation, this Court has observed that
[n]othing in the statutory language of the IDEA fee-shifting provision prohibits
“fees on fees” requests and no authority holds that such a request in inherently
unreasonable. In fact, this Circuit has previously approved the collection of “fees
on fees” in IDEA actions in accordance with its “general rule . . . that [a] court may
award additional fees for ‘time reasonably devoted to obtaining attorney’s fees.’ ”
Garvin v. District of Columbia, 910 F. Supp. 2d 135, 138 (D.D.C. 2012).
However, with regard to “fee collection” or “fees-on-fees” litigation in IDEA matters,
there is significant support in this Court for the proposition that the straightforward nature of the
proceedings warrants an award at one-half of an attorney’s applicable Laffey rate. See, e.g.,
Briggs v. District of Columbia, 102 F. Supp. 3d 164, 169 (D.D.C. 2015); Turley v. District of
Columbia, No. 14-0004, 2015 WL 7292752, at *5 (D.D.C. Oct. 20, 2015); Staton v. District of
Columbia, No. 13-1966, 2015 WL 5728884, at *5 (D.D.C. Sept. 30, 2015); Means v. District of
Columbia, 999 F. Supp. 2d 128, 136 (D.D.C. 2013); Garvin, 910 F. Supp. 2d at 140; Wright v.
District of Columbia, 883 F. Supp. 2d 132, 135 (D.D.C. 2012); Collins v. District of Columbia,
No. 15-00136, 2015 WL 7720464, at *10 (D.D.C. Nov. 30, 2015).
McNeil v. Options Public Charter School 7
In addition, when “a plaintiff has achieved only partial or limited success, the product of
hours reasonably expended on the litigation as a whole times a reasonable hourly rate may be an
excessive amount.” Hensley, 461 U.S. at 436. Therefore, a “degree of success” reduction in an
award may be warranted given certain circumstances. See Briggs, 102 F. Supp. 3d at 171
(further reducing an award to reflect the fact that counsel was only awarded three-quarters of
their applicable Laffey rate with regard to the initial fees litigation).
DISCUSSION
The undersigned finds that a straightforward reduction of Plaintiffs’ fee request to ten
percent of the $6,690.07 sought, to reflect Plaintiffs’ limited success in the underlying fee
litigation, is too simplistic. In lieu of such a reduction, the undersigned holds that a specific
reduction in the Plaintiffs’ requested rate, as well as a reduction based on the limited success of
the Plaintiffs’ original claim, is a more appropriate exercise of the Court’s discretion.
While Plaintiffs’ counsel have voluntarily reduced their requested hourly rate to three-
quarters of the Laffey matrix rate, the Court finds that still further reductions to this rate are
necessary under the circumstances presented here. In the initial fee litigation, the undersigned
recommended an applicable “market rate of 75% of the Laffey matrix rates, plus . . . twenty
percent reductions for failure to sufficiently establish skill, experience, and reputation[.]” See
McNeil, 2013 WL 791199, at *10. In keeping with “established precedent in this jurisdiction,
Plaintiffs are entitled for an award at one-half of their attorneys’ applicable rate, given the
straightforward and routine nature of the fees on fees litigation.” Briggs v. District of Columbia,
No. 14-1254, 2016 WL 1170928, at *3 (D.D.C. Mar. 24, 2016). 4
4
In IDEA fee litigation actions, the undersigned typically applies a case-by-case determination and rejects the
notion of a categorical approach with regard to Laffey rate percentages. The undersigned finds that such a case-by-
McNeil v. Options Public Charter School 8
Plaintiffs submitted a detailed itemization of tasks performed and hours expended on this
case; an affidavit from Mr. Brown describing the qualifications of Ms. Neloms, who worked on
this case before leaving the firm in 2012, and an affidavit from Mr. Jones detailing his
qualifications, skill, and experience. See Plaintiffs’ Memorandum at 5; see also Plaintiffs’
Invoice; Exhibit 2 (“Jones Affidavit”) (Document No. 19-2) at 5–7; Exhibit 3 (“Brown
Affidavit”) (Document No. 19-2) at 9–10. Thus, Plaintiffs have provided information sufficient
to establish the skill, experience and reputation of their attorneys. See McNeil, 2013 WL
791199, at *10. Accordingly, the undersigned finds that the applicable rate for Plaintiffs’ award
is one-half of the applicable Laffey rate, as outlined in the table below.
Plaintiffs’ Rate Adjusted Rate
Hours Total Award
(75% of Laffey) (50% of Laffey)
Roxanne Neloms $ 333.75 $ 222.50 2 $ 445.00
Robert Jones $ 217.50 $ 145.00 27 $ 3915.00
Costs $ 150.00
Total $ 4510.00
A proper calculation of the reasonable rate, however, is not the end of the process of
determining an appropriate fee award. As Defendant notes, courts in this jurisdiction have
utilized their discretion to reduce an award of “fees-on-fees” by the same proportion as the
reduction of attorney fees awarded based on the underlying administrative action. See Briggs,
102 F. Supp. 3d at 171. In this instance, Plaintiffs were only successful on one of the six claims
presented at the administrative level. Accordingly, the undersigned recommended that the
Plaintiffs’ attorney fee award be reduced to one-sixth of the requested amount. 5 That
recommendation was adopted by the Court. 05/23/2014 Minute Order. The undersigned,
case analysis is not warranted for fees-on-fees litigation, given the nature and circumstances of such proceedings.
See Briggs, 2016 WL 1170928, at *3, n.4.
5
See supra note 1.
McNeil v. Options Public Charter School 9
therefore, will exercise its discretion to similarly reduce this “fees-on-fees” award to one-sixth of
the total outlined above. Accordingly, the undersigned finds that Plaintiffs are entitled to an
award of fees and costs in the amount of $751.67.
/s/
DEBORAH A. ROBINSON
United States Magistrate Judge
Date: September 22, 2016