Hudson, Jr. v. American Federation of Government Employees

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
EUGENE HUDSON, JR.,
Plaintiff,
v. Civil Action No. 17-1867 (JEB)
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF
GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES,
Defendant.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Having recently prevailed in a jury trial in a companion case, Plaintiff Eugene Hudson, Jr.
returns to this matter and seeks to amend his Complaint against Defendant American Federation
of Government Employees. Given that this Court has already rejected much of what he is
attempting to do here, his good fortune does not carry over.
I. Background
As the Court has described the dispute between these parties on myriad occasions over
the last few years, see, e.g., Hudson v. AFGE, 2019 WL 3068295 (D.D.C. July 12, 2019), it will
sketch it here in very broad strokes.
On September 12, 2017, Hudson, a high-ranking official at AFGE, filed this suit asserting
that his termination violated rights and protections afforded by two labor-law statutes. See ECF
No. 1 (Compl.), ¶¶ 56–98. His First Amended Complaint, filed February 13, 2018, is currently
the operative pleading and sets forth causes of action under the Labor Management Reporting
and Disclosure Act, the Labor Management Relations Act, and contract law. See ECF No. 36
(FAC), ¶¶ 80–188. Hudson sought leave in May 2019 to amend his Complaint again to add,
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inter alia, claims of race discrimination. See ECF No. 76. The Court denied that motion,
explaining that he had waited too long and had misrepresented the record; in addition,
amendment would prejudice AFGE. Hudson v. AFGE, 2019 WL 3533602 (D.D.C. Aug. 2, 2019)
(Hudson II). Meanwhile, he filed a related suit against Defendant a month after filing this one,
asserting race discrimination in his termination and in other adverse actions. See Hudson v.
AFGE, No. 17-2094, ECF No. 1 (Compl.). That case recently proceeded to jury trial, and
Hudson obtained a $100,000 verdict. Id., ECF No. 115 (Judgment).
Plaintiff now once again seeks to amend his Complaint here, offering a 146-page
behemoth that, among its 17 counts, includes claims under the LMRDA, the LMRA, and 42
U.S.C. § 1981, as well as a farrago of tort and contract causes of action. See ECF No. 163-1
(Proposed Third Amended Complaint). AFGE not surprisingly opposes.
II. Legal Standard
A plaintiff may amend her complaint once as a matter of course within 21 days of
serving it or within 21 days of being served a responsive pleading. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(1).
Otherwise, she must seek consent from the defendant or leave from the court. See Fed. R. Civ.
P. 15(a)(2). “The court should freely give leave when justice so requires.” Id. In deciding
whether to grant leave to file an amended complaint, the court may consider “undue delay, bad
faith or dilatory motive on the part of the movant, repeated failure to cure deficiencies by
amendments previously allowed, undue prejudice to the opposing party by virtue of allowance of
the amendment, [or] futility of amendment.” Foman v. Davis, 371 U.S. 178, 182 (1962). In this
Circuit, “it is an abuse of discretion to deny leave to amend unless there is sufficient reason.”
Firestone v. Firestone, 76 F.3d 1205, 1208 (D.C. Cir. 1996). Furthermore, under Rule 15, “the
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non-movant generally carries the burden in persuading the court to deny leave to amend.”
Nwachukwu v. Karl, 222 F.R.D. 208, 211 (D.D.C. 2004).
III. Analysis
In opposing Plaintiff’s Motion, AFGE flags multiple problems with his efforts. First,
Defendant is correct that Hudson has again waited too long, just as this Court held two years ago.
See Hudson II, 2019 WL 3533602, at *3–5. As the D.C. Circuit has made clear, a party’s
deficiency on this score presents an independently sufficient reason to deny his attempt to amend
a complaint. See Trudel v. SunTrust Bank, 924 F.3d 1281, 1288 (D.C. Cir. 2019) (“‘[U]ndue
delay’ is a valid ground for denying leave to amend.”); Elkins v. District of Columbia, 690 F.3d
554, 565 (D.C. Cir. 2012) (similar); Atchinson v. District of Columbia, 73 F.3d 418, 426 (D.C.
Cir. 1996) (“[O]ur case law also make[s] clear that undue delay is a sufficient reason for denying
leave to amend.”). Here, Plaintiff filed this Motion about three and a half years after the filing of
the operative First Amended Complaint and over two years after his previous unsuccessful effort
to amend. As AFGE points out, moreover, the majority of the “new” events Plaintiff cites
occurred prior to October 2020, yet Hudson never says why he waited until now to file. See ECF
No. 167 (Def. Opp.) at 9.
Second, much of the proposed new Complaint consists of very detailed recitations of
assorted events. To the extent that Hudson wishes to offer evidence of these events at trial to
support his existing termination claims, there is no need to amend the Complaint to do so. See
Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2) (complaint must contain “short and plain statement of the claim showing
that the pleader is entitled to relief”). Whether or not such evidence is relevant and admissible is
a decision the Court will have to make prior to trial. For example, details about purported race
discrimination would not be admissible because the Court held in its previous Opinion that
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Hudson could not amend his Complaint to add such causes of action. Hudson II, 2019 WL
3533602, at *8–9. Plaintiff’s belief that he now has more information does not undermine the
bases for the Court’s prior denial of amendment.
Third, AFGE ably sums up the prejudice it would suffer if the Court permitted
amendment. To begin, the Court explained two years ago why prejudice would inure from the
prior proposed amendment. Id. at *8. That is even truer now since discovery has closed, and we
are over four years down the road from the filing of the Complaint. More significantly,
Hudson’s proposal would essentially send the case back to the starting line since his Complaint
has ballooned from 39 to 146 pages, he now has 17 causes of action (some of which are titled
with narratives, see, e.g., Proposed TAC at 126 (Count 11)), and he names 16 new individual
Defendants, all in their official and individual capacities. Id. at 1. To sort all of this out would
take considerable time.
Finally, the Court need not repeat all of Plaintiff’s conduct that it described in its earlier
Opinion denying the first motion to amend, but merely notes that it incorporates that entire
discussion into its reasoning here. See, e.g., Hudson II, 2019 WL 3533602, at *5 (“Hudson
knew the core basis for the [race-discrimination] counts he currently seeks to add at the time he
filed the instant lawsuit.”); id. at *6 (“[B]y February 2018 — and certainly by April of that year
— Plaintiff was on notice of the deficiencies related to claim-splitting in his race-discrimination
case. Yet, until over a year later, he did nothing. On this ground, too, courts have denied a late
attempt to amend.”); id. (“he expressly disavowed any current intent to amend his Complaint”);
id. at *7 (“The Court has trouble seeing this factual statement [regarding newly discovered
evidence] as anything short of a misrepresentation.”); id. (“The Court finds troubling the delta
between the statements in Hudson’s brief and those established by the record. There is simply
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no ‘new evidence’ capable of sustaining his Motion, despite his assertions to the contrary.”); id.(“Maintaining the integrity of the judicial process counsels against granting his request.”); id. at
*8 (“Hudson and his counsel have made a series of strategic choices during this case, including
filing a Complaint and an Amended Complaint without any mention of the race discrimination
for which Plaintiff alleges to have long had evidence.”); id. (“The Court will not reward
Plaintiff’s attempt to revive his claims by trying to pull the wool over the Court’s eyes.”).
The Court, consequently, is not writing on a blank slate in denying this Motion. In other
words, it cannot disregard what it has already concluded.
IV. Conclusion
For these reasons, the Court will deny Plaintiff’s Motion for Leave to Amend. A separate
Order so stating will issue this day.
/s/ James E. Boasberg
JAMES E. BOASBERG
United States District Judge
Date: October 5, 2021
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