State of Delaware v. Harris.

IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
IN AND FOR NEW CASTLE COUNTY
STATE OF DELAWARE, )
)
) I.D. No. 1206004370
v. )
)
BRANDON E. HARRIS, )
)
Defendant. )
)
Submitted: August 19, 2014
Decided: November 25, 2015
Amended Motion for Post-Conviction Relief
DENIED
John A. Barber, Esquire, Law Office of John A. Barber, Wilmington, Delaware, Attorney for
Defendant Brandon E. Harris.
Matthew Frawley, Deputy Attorney General, Wilmington, Delaware, Attorney for State of
Delaware.
DAVIS, J.
INTRODUCTION
This is a criminal matter under Rule 61 of the Superior Court Rules of Criminal
Procedure. Before the Court is the Amended Motion for Post-conviction Relief (the “Motion”)
filed by Defendant Brandon E. Harris on June 13, 2014. Mr. Harris seeks relief due to
ineffective assistance of counsel. Specifically, Mr. Harris contends that his trial counsel failed to
advise him of the expiration date of a plea offer, and Mr. Harris was therefore prevented from
taking a more favorable plea offer.
For the reasons set forth in this opinion, the Motion is DENIED.
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
On June 3, 2012, Detective Gary C. Tabor of the Wilmington Police Department
responded to the Christiana Hospital Emergency Room to investigate the shooting of Taryn
Ross. 1 Mr. Ross was shot in the abdomen, during an argument which took place at 3200 Miller
Road. Through an investigation, Detective Tabor developed Brandon Harris as a suspect in the
shooting. 2 Although the accounts of witnesses differ, the accounts were consistent in that Mr.
Harris drew a gun and shot Mr. Ross in the abdomen. 3 Detective Tabor interviewed Mr. Harris
who then admitted to shooting Mr. Ross, but claimed self-defense. 4 Mr. Harris stated that Mr.
Ross pushed him and then pulled a knife from his belt. 5 No witness reported seeing a knife of
any kind. 6
On July 2, 2012, Mr. Harris was indicted for Assault First Degree, two counts of
Possession of a Firearm During the Commission of a Felony, Possession of a Deadly Weapon by
a Person Prohibited, and Aggravated Menacing. 7 On July 20, 2012, Eugene Maurer, Esq.
(“Initial Counsel”), entered his appearance on behalf of Mr. Harris. 8 On November 26, 2012, the
Court held a hearing on whether to suppress Mr. Harris’ statement to Detective Tabor, wherein
Mr. Harris admitted to shooting Mr. Ross. 9 The Court denied the motion on December 7,
2012. 10 A trial date was set for February 20, 2013. 11
1
Gary C. Tabor, Affidavit of Probable Cause, Case No. 12 06 004370, June 6, 2012.
2
Id.
3
Id.
4
Id.
5
Id.
6
State’s Response to Motion for Post Conviction Relief, pg. 1.
7
Defendant’s Amended Motion for Post Conviction Relief, June 13, 2014, pg. 3.
8
Id.
9
Id.
10
Id.
11
Id.
2
At or near the time of the suppression hearing, the State and Mr. Harris engaged in plea
negotiations. 12 The State offered a plea to one count of Assault Second Degree and one count of
Possession of a Firearm During the Commission of a Felony, with a sentence recommendation
from the State for 4 years of unsuspended time at Level 5 (hereinafter referred to as “the First
Plea Offer”). 13 Under the terms of the First Plea Offer, Mr. Harris would be free to argue for the
minimum mandatory sentence of 3 years of incarceration. 14 The State placed a deadline of
January 27, 2013, for the acceptance of the First Plea Offer. 15 Initial Counsel explained the plea
offer to Mr. Harris, and recommended that it be accepted. 16 However, in his February 19, 2013,
Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea and to Withdraw as Counsel, Initial Counsel states that he
did not advise Mr. Harris of the deadline nor did he advise Mr. Harris of the consequences for
failing to meet the deadline. 17
In anticipation of the trial, Initial Counsel and Mr. Harris met on February 16, 2013, and
discussed the First Plea Offer. 18 Mr. Harris indicated that he wanted to accept the First Plea
Offer. 19 Initial Counsel communicated with the State that Mr. Harris intended to accept the First
Plea Offer. At this point, the State informed Initial Counsel that the First Plea Offer was no
longer available as the deadline to accept had expired. 20
In his February 19, 2013, Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea and to Withdraw as
Counsel, Initial Counsel admitted that the failure to advise Mr. Harris of the First Plea Offer
12
Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea and to Withdraw as Counsel, Feb. 19, 2013, at ¶ 3.
13
Id.
14
Id.
15
State’s Response to Motion for Post Conviction Relief, pg. 2.
16
Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea and to Withdraw as Counsel, Feb. 19, 2013, at ¶ 4.
17
Id. at ¶ 5.
18
Id. at ¶ 6.
19
Id.
20
Id. at ¶ 7.
3
deadline was solely his fault. 21 Initial Counsel goes on to state that “[c]ounsel was ineffective in
not advising the defendant that if the plea were not accepted by a certain date, it would no longer
be on the table. Therefore, but for counsel’s failure to advise the defendant of the plea deadline,
this plea would have been accepted and would have been entered.” 22 Citing Strickland, 23 Initial
Counsel stated that his “performance fell below the standard that would be required of
reasonably competent defense attorneys.” 24 Initial Counsel stated that but for the ineffective
assistance of counsel, there is a reasonable probability that the First Plea Offer would have been
accepted by Mr. Harris and would have been presented to the Court. 25
Initial Counsel continued that “[s]ince it is counsel’s failure to advise the defendant of the
plea deadline in this case, which has caused the problem, counsel is respectfully requesting that
this Court allow him to withdraw so that this matter can be properly presented to the Court.
Additionally, it will in all likelihood be necessary for counsel to testify in order for the defendant
to pursue [the Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea and to Withdraw as Counsel].” 26 On
February 25, 2013, the Court granted the application to withdraw as counsel and, subsequently,
appointed another attorney (“Subsequent Counsel”) to represent Mr. Harris . 27
On April 29, 2013, Mr. Harris, represented by Subsequent Counsel, accepted a revised
plea offer (“the Second Plea Offer”). 28 Through the Second Plea Offer, Mr. Harris pled guilty to
Assault First Degree, and Possession of a Firearm during the Commission of a Felony. 29 Unlike
21
Id. at ¶ 8.
22
Id.
23
Strickland v. Washington, 104 S. Ct. 2052 (1984).
24
Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea and to Withdraw as Counsel, Feb. 19, 2013, at ¶ 10.
25
Id. at ¶ 11.
26
Id. at ¶ 13.
27
Defendant’s Amended Motion for Post Conviction Relief, June 13, 2014, pg. 4.
28
Id.
29
Id.
4
the First Plea Offer which carried a minimum mandatory sentence of 3 years, the Second Plea
Offer carried a minimum mandatory sentence of 5 years.
At the time of the hearing for the Second Plea Offer, on April 29, 2013, Subsequent
Counsel advised the Court that the Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea had not been heard, 30
and that while Initial Counsel communicated the First Plea Offer to Mr. Harris, Initial Counsel
did not communicate the deadline for the acceptance of First Plea Offer. 31 Subsequent Counsel
also advised the Court that Initial Counsel had filed the Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea
under Missouri v. Frye 32 and Lafler v. Cooper. 33 Subsequent Counsel advised the Court that the
First Plea Offer had a minimum mandatory sentence of 3 years, with a recommendation by the
State of 4 years, whereas the Second Plea Offer had a minimum mandatory sentence of 5 years. 34
During the hearing, the State advised the Court that, it was unwilling to offer the First Plea Offer
because the deadline had passed, and also because shortly before the matter was to go to trial, the
victim had been shot again and the State suspected that Mr. Harris was involved in that
shooting. 35
Subsequent Counsel asked the Court to schedule the Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea
for a hearing. 36 Mr. Harris also addressed the Court, and the following exchange took place:
THE DEFENDANT: I wasn’t saying, like - - I wasn’t
rejecting the plea. I was under the impression that I would get my
old plea back because I never was told that it was an expiration
date on it because I told [Initial Counsel] that I will take the plea.
But when he sent the letter I was under the impression when I go to
court that day the plea was going to be on the table. I didn’t know I
had a certain day to make the decision.
30
Defendant’s Amended Motion for Post Conviction Relief, June 13, 2014, Ex. F, Plea Transcript, 2:15.
31
Id. at 2:21-3:4.
32
Missouri v. Frye, 132 S.Ct. 1399 (U.S. 2012).
33
Lafler v. Cooper, 132 S.Ct. 1376 (U.S. 2012); Defendant’s Amended Motion for Post Conviction Relief, June 13,
2014, Ex. F, Plea Transcript 3:5-10.
34
Defendant’s Amended Motion for Post Conviction Relief, June 13, 2014, Ex. F, Plea Transcript 3:13-4:17.
35
Id. at 5:12-23.
36
Id. at 6:18-21.
5
Now I’m being offered five or more and I don’t - - I don’t
fell [sic] like that’s fair. I’m not going to give you the impression
that I’m perfect, I made mistakes. But I’m man enough to say that I
was wrong and I apologize.
THE COURT: Well, you don’t want to really get into that
on the record, but what - - everything we’re doing today is not with
prejudice to your pending motion to enforce the other plea.
I’m just telling you, at this point, unless you win that
motion, you’re going to trial on May 7th, 2013. Same thing as if
you had a pending motion to suppression, you’re going to have to
make certain types of decisions.
I’m sure Mr. Armstrong talked to you about the fact that
the Judge may not enforce the motion for the guilty plea back on
December of 2012 and, so, then you’re going to be facing trial on
all five charges, and instead you could plead to two. That’s some
decision you have to make.
If you’d like to talk to Mr. Armstrong more about that, I’ll
let you do that. But I’m not going to crystal ball your motion and
tell you what’s going to happen with the motion to enforce the
plea. I’m just telling you right now that under normal principles - -
just like a motion to suppress would occur. I can’t handicap your
motion to enforce a plea at this point. If you reject the plea, the
State does haven’t [sic] to keep the present plea on the table at all.
It expires when?
MR. ARMSTRONG: Today.
THE COURT: Today. And then go to trial. And the State
doesn’t have to make any additional plea of the day of trial. And if
you do plea on the day of trial, the Superior Court wants you to
plead to the lead charge, which I guess is the Assault First in this
case.
So, if you want to talk to Mr. Armstrong again I’ll let you.
But you can be under any impression you want under the motion,
that’s not a sure thing.
THE DEFENDANT: Can I speak to him, Your Honor, for a
second?
THE COURT: Absolutely. You understand my point, Mr.
Armstrong?
MR. ARMSTRONG: Yes, Your Honor. 37
37
Id. at 8:15-10:23.
6
After further conference with Subsequent Counsel, Mr. Harris elected to take the Second Plea
Offer. 38 Subsequent Counsel advised the Court that Mr. Harris was entering his plea knowingly,
intelligently and voluntarily. 39 Mr. Harris’ counsel also continued as follows:
MR. ARMSTRONG: I also discussed with Mr. Harris the
fact that there was a pending motion that was filed by former
counsel…and that if he entered this plea then the Court will not
entertain that motion anymore and that the motion would be
considered voluntarily dismissed, which means that it will be - -
THE COURT: It’s moot.
MR. ARMSTRONG: Moot. I didn’t want to use the term
then I would have to - -
THE COURT: Spell it. Over. Complete. Not to be heard.
MR. ARMSTRONG: Not to be heard.
And so he understands that and he has decided he wanted
to entry [sic] the plea. He made the request to the State - - 40
During the plea colloquy the Court also had the following exchange with Mr. Harris:
THE COURT: Okay. And you also understand, because
we went over moot meant, is that your presently pending motion
about to force the State to take the plea is not going to be heard by
the Court?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
On May 31, 2013, Mr. Harris was sentenced to 5 years incarceration followed by
probation for the Assault First Degree charge, and 5 years of incarceration for the Possession of a
Firearm During the Commission of a Felony. 41 The Court found the Motion to Allow
Acceptance of Plea to be moot and it was not further addressed. 42
On September 23, 2013, Mr. Harris filed a pro se motion for postconviction relief. Under
Superior Court Criminal Rule 61(g)(2), Initial Counsel was ordered to respond to the allegations
38
Id. at 13:21-14:3.
39
Id. at 14:2-3.
40
Id. at 14:4-19.
41
Defendant’s Amended Motion for Post Conviction Relief, June 13, 2014, pg. 4.
42
Id.
7
regarding ineffective assistance of counsel. 43 In his affidavit, Initial Counsel categorically
denied that there was any inappropriate conduct in his representation of Mr. Harris. 44 Initial
Counsel details several meetings with Mr. Harris, including a 45 minute meeting with Mr. Harris
and his family, on November 24, 2012, where all the facts of the case were reviewed, and where
Mr. Maurer communicated to Mr. Harris the details of the First Plea Offer. 45 At that meeting
Mr. Harris indicated that he was inclined to go along with the First Plea Offer. 46 Initial Counsel
further states that
Notwithstanding the inclinations that the defendant had expressed
during the time of our November meeting, when we got to the trial
date, the defendant was a different person. He at that time rejected
the plea that had previously been discussed, but he did not want to
go to trial at that time. Rather, he asked me if I could continue the
case so that I could get additional time to consider the plea offer. I
was in fact able to reschedule the case on the day of the trial and
also was able to persuade the prosecutor, Matt Frawley, to leave
the plea open for a while. I subsequently confirmed all of this in
my letter to Mr. Harris dated December 28, 2012. 47
On the initial trial date, Initial Counsel again spent 45 minutes with Mr. Harris, discussing his
plea options. 48 However, after that Initial Counsel did not hear back from Mr. Harris with
respect to his acceptance of the First Plea Offer. 49 Sometime thereafter, the State put a deadline
on the acceptance of the plea, and Initial Counsel did not communicate the deadline to Mr.
Harris. 50 Initial Counsel did not have an opportunity to communicate with Mr. Harris before the
43
Order, June 17, 2014.
44
Affidavit of Eugene J. Maurer, June 30, 2014, pg. 1.
45
Id. at pg. 2.
46
Id.
47
Id. at pg. 3.
48
Id.
49
Id.
50
Id.
8
expiration of the First Plea Offer, although he made several attempts to contact Mr. Harris when
he realized that he had not advised Mr. Harris about the deadline for the First Plea Offer. 51
PARTIES’ CONTENTIONS
Mr. Harris contends that Initial Counsel was ineffective in representing him, because
Initial Counsel failed to advise Mr. Harris of the First Plea Offer deadline.
In response, the State contends that Mr. Harris’ claim is without merit because (1) Mr.
Harris waived his post conviction claim on the record at the time of the plea, (2) Initial Counsel
was not deficient because he advised Mr. Harris of the initial plea offer and Mr. Harris chose to
reject it and (3) that Mr. Harris can’t show that there is a reasonable probability that if Initial
Counsel was deficient, the result of the proceeding would have been different.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
Rule 61 of the Superior Court Rules of Criminal Procedure (“Rule 61”) governs motions
for postconviction relief. Before addressing the substantive merits of any claim for
postconviction relief, the Court must determine whether Mr. Harris has satisfied the procedural
requirements of Rule 61. 52 Rule 61(i) establishes four procedural bars to postconviction relief:
(1) a motion for postconviction relief may not be filed more than one year after the judgment of
conviction is final; (2) any ground for relief not asserted in a prior postconviction proceeding is
barred; (3) any ground for relief not asserted in the proceedings leading to the judgment of
conviction is barred; and (4) any ground for relief previously adjudicated in any proceeding is
barred. 53
51
Id.
52
Younger v. State, 580 A.2d 552, 554 (Del. 1990).
53
Super. Ct. Crim. R. 61(i).
9
The procedural bars contained in Rule 61(i)(1-4) may be rescinded only if there is a
means by which to do so in the applicable subsection of Rule 61. 54 Absent such relief, Rule
61(i)(5) provides additional reprieve from the procedural bars described in Rule 61(i)(1-3). 55
Under Rule 61(i)(5), “[t]he bars to relief in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of this subdivision shall
not apply to a claim that the court lacked jurisdiction or to a colorable claim that there was a
miscarriage of justice because of a constitutional violation that undermined the fundamental
legality, reliability, integrity or fairness of the proceedings leading to the judgment of
conviction. 56 Claims alleging ineffective assistance of counsel meet the “fundamental fairness”
and “miscarriage of justice” exceptions of Rule 61(i)(5). 57
DISCUSSION
A. Procedural Hurdles
Mr. Harris’ original pro se postconviction motion as well as the Amended Motion for
Postconviction Relief, filed by Mr. Harris’ counsel, were timely filed, not more than one year
from the date of the conviction, thereby avoiding the procedural bar under Rule 61(i)(1).
The Amended Motion is Mr. Harris’ first motion for postconviction relief with the
appointment of counsel, thereby avoiding the procedural bar of Rule 61(i)(2).
The request for relief in the Amended Motion was asserted in the proceedings leading to
the judgment of conviction, thereby avoiding the procedural bar of Rule 61(i)(3).
The claim asserted here, by Mr. Harris, was not previously adjudicated so the procedural
bar of Rule 61(i)(4) does not apply.
54
State v. MacDonald, 2007 WL 1378332 *4 (Del. Super. Ct., May 9, 2007).
55
Id.56
Super. Ct. Crim. R.61(i)(5).
57
Webster v. State, 604 A.2d 1364, 1366 (Del. 1992).
10
B. Waiver argument
The Court first turns to the waiver argument. In so doing, the Court must closely
examine the record. As held in Sullivan v. State, 58 the basis for the entry of a guilty plea must
appear on the record to permit appellate review. 59 A record affords numerous protections to the
defendant offering a guilty plea. 60 Prior to accepting a guilty plea, the trial judge must address
the defendant in open court. 61 The trial judge must determine that the defendant understands the
nature of the charges and the penalties provided for each of the offenses. 62 The record must
reflect that the defendant understands that the guilty plea constitutes a waiver of a trial on the
charges and a waiver of the constitutional rights to which he or she would have been entitled to
exercise at a trial. 63 The trial judge must also determine that a guilty plea is voluntary, and not
the result of force, threats, or promises apart from the plea agreement. 64
At the time of the April 29, 2013, hearing, the Court was informed of Mr. Harris’ pending
Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea. The Court explained to Mr. Harris that if he lost that
motion Mr. Harris’ case would be going to trial. The Court also gave Mr. Harris an opportunity
to further discuss with Subsequent Counsel whether he should take the Second Plea Offer. After
Mr. Harris indicated that he wished to take the Second Plea Offer, the Court advised Mr. Harris
that under those circumstances his motion would become moot. Subsequent Counsel stated that
he also explained that fact to Mr. Harris. Nevertheless, Mr. Harris wished to proceed and to
accept the Second Plea Offer. Finally, during the plea colloquy, the Court once again asked Mr.
58
Sullivan v. State, 636 A.2d 931 (Del. 1994).
59
Id. at 937.
60
Sommerville v. State, 703 A.2d 629, 631 (Del. 1997).
61
Id.; Sullivan, 636 A.2d at 937.
62
Id.63
Super. Ct. Crim. R. 11(c); Sommerville, 703 A.2d at 632; Sullivan, 636 A.2d at 937.
64
Super. Ct. Crim. R. 11(d); Sommerville, 703 A.2d at 632; Howard v. State, 458 A.2d 1180, 1184-85 (Del. 1983).
11
Harris if he understood that by taking the Second Plea Offer it would mean his Motion to Allow
Acceptance of Plea would not be heard by the Court. Mr. Harris indicated that he understood.
Based on these facts it is clear that Mr. Harris knew that he waived the relief sought in
the Motion to Allow Acceptance of Plea by taking the Second Plea Offer, and that his waiver
was knowing, intelligent and voluntary.
As Mr. Harris’ waiver at the time of the plea colloquy is dispositive of this matter, the
Court does not need to reach and address the ineffective assistance of counsel arguments raised
by Mr. Harris.
CONCLUSION
Based on the arguments above, drawing all reasonable inferences, the Defendant’s
Amended Motion for Postconviction Relief is hereby DENIED.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
/s/ Eric M. Davis
Eric M. Davis
Judge
12