State v. Lopez

IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF
DELAWARE
STATE OF DELAWARE )
)
v. ) ID Nos. 0808030106, 0704020877A
)
MICHAEL N. LOPEZ, )
)
Defendant. )
Submitted: November 3, 2021
Decided: November 8, 2021
Defendant’s Motion for Modification of Sentence
ORDER
David Hume, IV, Esquire, Chief Prosecutor, Sussex County, Department of Justice,
114 East Market Street, Georgetown, DE 19947, Attorney for State of Delaware.
Edward C. Gill, Esquire, 16 North Bedford Street, Georgetown, DE 19947, Attorney
for Defendant.
KARSNITZ, J.
On October 18, 2013, Michael N. Lopez (“Defendant”) came before this Court
for a violation of probation. Under an initial Sentencing Order, Defendant was
sentenced as follows: five (5) years of Level 5 incarceration pursuant to 11 Del. C.
§4204(k), to be followed by six (6) years of Level 5 incarceration, to be followed by
an additional five (5) years of Level 5 incarceration suspended after completion of
the Green Tree De Novo Program (the “Program”). Completion of treatment was
an articulated goal of the initial Sentencing Order.
On March 19, 2021, I modified the sentence to allow the suspension of the
remaining Level 5 incarceration at the discretion of the Delaware Department of
Correction (“DOC”). My Sentencing Order found that Defendant still needed
correctional treatment and that Defendant was to be assessed by DOC “using an
objective verified tool for risk/needs/responsivity for placement in programming at
Level 5 to address [Defendant’s] criminogenic risk and treatment needs.”
The Program has been shut down. At the time it was shut down, Defendant
had completed five (5) months of the Program. Defendant is close to completing the
portion of his sentence which was to be served and was not suspended after
completion of the Program.
Defendant argues that my March 19, 2021, sentence modification renders his
sentence “an indeterminate sentence at the discretion of the State of Delaware.” I
disagree. The remaining Level 5 incarceration time is limited to five (5) years
1
pursuant to the initial Sentencing Order. DOC can reduce that time but not increase
it. Moreover, in my Sentencing Order, I did not change the initial Sentencing
Order’s goal of treatment. Indeed, I specifically found that Defendant continued to
need correctional treatment and that he was to be assessed by DOC using an
objective standard.
On November 1, 2021, Defendant filed a Motion for Modification of Sentence
(the “Motion”), asking that I modify the sentence to provide for five (5) years at
Level 5, to be suspended for eighteen (18) months of Level 3 probation.
In support of his Motion, Defendant argues that the additional Level 5 time
beyond the original eleven (11) years is excessive, and that the purpose of his
treatment program has already been accomplished. He cites: (1) his completion of
five (5) months of the Program; (2) his age (39); (3) his engagement to a woman
with whom he will live after they are married; (4) his four children; (5) his
educational record; (6) his ability to work; and (7) the death of his mother and
grandfather. In addition, Defendant states that he will complete a DUI program,
obtain counseling for substance abuse, and attend AA meetings.
Superior Court Criminal Rule 35 governs motions for modification of
sentence. Under Rule 35(b), a motion for sentence modification “must be filed
within ninety days of sentencing, absent a showing of ‘extraordinary
2
circumstances.’”1 The Court will not consider repetitive requests for reduction or
modification of sentence.2 Defendant’s Motion is barred for two reasons.
First, this is Defendant’s second request for modification of his sentence, and
therefore, this Motion is barred as repetitive.
Second, with respect to Defendant’s request to suspend his Level V time, this
request was filed well beyond the 90-day limit, and therefore, it is time-barred. I will
consider an application made more than 90 days after the imposition of sentence
only in “extraordinary circumstances,” or pursuant to 11 Del. C. § 4217.
Delaware law places a heavy burden on the moving party to establish
extraordinary circumstances in order to “uphold the finality of sentences.”3
“Extraordinary circumstances” excusing an untimely Rule 35(b) motion are
circumstances that “specifically justify the delay, are entirely beyond a petitioner’s
control, and have prevented the applicant from seeking the remedy on a timely
basis.”4 Mitigating factors that could have been presented at sentencing, exemplary
conduct, or successful rehabilitation while incarcerated do not constitute
1
Croll v. State, 2020 WL 1909193, at *1 (Del. Apr. 17, 2020) (TABLE) (affirming the Superior
Court’s denial of a motion for modification of sentence where the motion was repetitive and filed
beyond the 90-day limit); see Hewett v. State, 2014 WL 5020251, at *1 (Del. Oct. 7, 2014) (“When
a motion for reduction of sentence is filed within ninety days of sentencing, the Superior Court has
broad discretion to decide whether to alter its judgment.”).
2
Super. Ct. Crim. R. 35(b).
3
State v. Diaz, 2015 WL 1741768, at *2 (Del. Apr. 15, 2015).
4
State v. Culp, 152 A.3d 141, 145 (Del. 2016) (internal quotations omitted) (quoting Diaz, 2015
WL 1741768, at *2).
3
“extraordinary circumstances.”5 I do not find Defendant has established the
existence of any extraordinary circumstances in his Motion. Furthermore, DOC has
not submitted an application pursuant to 11 Del. C. § 4217.
I continue to believe that Defendant needs further correctional treatment and
that he should be assessed by DOC using an objective standard. That assessment
may determine that his Level 5 time and his partial completion of the Program have
satisfied his treatment needs. On the other hand, that assessment may determine that
additional treatment is required. Once DOC completes its assessment and
determines what, if any, additional treatment is required, DOC may submit an
application pursuant to 11 Del. C. § 4217 based upon that assessment, and Defendant
may file another Motion for Modification of Sentence based upon that assessment.
Now, however, is not the time for that determination to be made.
For the reasons stated above, I DENY Defendant’s Motion for Modification
of Sentence.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
/s/ Craig A. Karsnitz
cc: Prothonotary
5
See id. at 145–46 (recognizing that participation in educational and rehabilitative prison programs
is commendable, but does not by itself constitute “extraordinary circumstances” for purposes of
Rule 35(b)).
4