Barry Smith v. Paul J. Renzi Masonry

lN T§H§.`.~ SUPERIOR COURT OF STATE OF DELAWARE
BARRY and CO.$§MHA
SMI§§:‘J§,
Plaintiffs,
C.A. No. N13C-03-252 FWW
PAUL J. RENZI MASONRY, d/b/a
RENZI MASONRY and DEWSON
CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, ]NC., a
Delaware Corporation
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v. )
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Defendants.
Submitted: February 11, 2016
Decided: March 24, 2016
Upon Plaintiffs’ Motion to Recover Costs
GRANTED, in part, DENIED, in part.
001> ; 'ON AND GR‘HER
Timothy A. Dillon, Esquire, McCann & Wall, LLC, 300 Delaware Ave., Suite 805,
Wilmington, Delaware 9801, Attorney for Plaintiffs.
Kevin J. Connors, Esquire, Marshall Dehnehey Wamer Colerrian & Goggin,
Nemours Building, 1007 N. Orange St., Suite 600, P.O. Box 8888, Wihnington,
Delaware, 19899, Attorney for Defendant Paul J. Renzi Masonry d/b/ a Renzi
Masomy.
`WYH;$L`E§'.IYON, J.
I. Introduction
Before the Court is Plaintiffs’ Motion for Costs following a jury trial during
which the jury awarded Plaintiffs damages to be paid by Defendant Renzi Masonry
dfb/a Renzi Masonry. In total, Plaintiffs request $25,786.79 in costs related to the g
action. The Court applies Super. Ct. Civ. R. 54 and 10 Del. C. § 8906 and finds
that Plaintiffs are entitled to collect $l l,l52.78. Therefore, Plaintiffs’ Motion is
GRANTED, in part, and DENIED, in part.
II. Factual and Procedural Background
A jury trial was held in this case from January 4, 2016 through January 13,
2016.1 The jury found that Paul J. Renzi Masonry d/b/ a Renzi Masomy ("Renzi")
was negligent and that Renzi’s negligence was a proximate cause of Barry Smith’s
injuries. The jury also found that Dewson Construction was negligent but its
negligence was not a proximate cause of Barry Smith’s injuries. The jury awarded
compensatory damages in the amount of $640,000 to Barry Smith and $80,000 to
Corrina Smith for loss of consortium.z
On January 21, 2016, Plaintiffs filed a Motion to Recover Costs pursuant to
Super. Ct. Civ. R.` 54.3 Renzi acknowledges that Plaintiffs are entitled to recover
the following costs:
'11).1. 139.
2 D.I. 140.
3 D.1. 141.
Plaintiffs request $960 for producing ten boards that contained excerpts of
specific witness’s testimony that Plaintiffs’ counsel used as an aid during trial.
Renzi asserts that Plaintiffs’ request for fees for the visual aids are not recoverable
because they were not "necessarily incurred."zs "The cost of presenting trial
exhibits at trial is traditionally borne by the party presenting the evidence.% A
prevailing party may be awarded costs on the principle that costs "are allowances
in the nature of incidental damages to reimburse the prevailing party for
expenses necessarily incurred in the assertion of his rights in court."” The Court
has held where "enlargements [a]re made for the use of the party and not for use by
the court," the costs of the enlargements are not "necessarily incurred."zg Because
the Court finds that Plaintiffs’ enlargements were used to emphasize specific
evidence for the jury and were not for use by the Court, Plaintiffs shall not recover
the costs of the enlargements.
F . T ravel Expenses for Deposz'z‘z`on of Dr. Steven Valerztz`no, D. O.
Plaintiffs assert that they are entitled to recover $36.18 for the mileage
Plaintiffs’ counsel amassed while traveling to the deposition of Defendants’
medical eXpert, Dr. Steven Valentino, D.O. Renzi argues that Plaintiffs’ request
25 Def.’s Response Br., at 1[1[ 7-8.
26 See .S‘wererz v. Sheehy, 2001 WL 1783076, at n. 4(Del. Super. Dec. 12, 200l)(citing Sliwz`nskz`
v. Durzcan, Del. Supr., No. 26l, l99l, Christie, C. J. (June 15, 1992) (ORDER)).
27 Donovan v. Del. Water and Az`r Res. Comrn ’rz, 358 A.2d 717, 723 (Del. l976)(quoting Peytorz
v. Willz`am C. Peyz‘on Corp., Del. Supr., 23 Del. Ch. 365, 8 A.2d 89 (l939))(emphasis in original)r
28 Kerr v. onusk@, 2004 wL 2744607, ar *2 (1)@1. Super. oct 20, 2004)(ciring Ma¢oni v. price
Motorcczrs, 1993 WL 542571, at * 2 (Del. Super. Dec. l, 1993)).
ll
for mileage fees for Plaintiffs’ counsel’s travel to the deposition of Dr. Valentino is
not recoverable. Renzi asserts that Plaintiffs’ counsel traveled only thirty-five
miles to the deposition which is less than the mileage from Wilmington, Delaware
to Dover, Delaware, and the need to obtain out-of-state medical experts is
commonplace due to the small medical community in Delaware.” The Court
agrees with Renzi. Plaintiffs shall not recover the mileage expenses for traveling
to the deposition of Dr. Valentino. »
G. Transcrilvts of Dr. Onyewu’s Via’eo Trz`al Depositz`on, Dr. Rastogi ’s Vicleo
Trz`al Deposz`z‘z'on and Rosalyn Pierce ’s Vz'deo Trial Deposz`tz`on `
Plaintiffs request to recover $827.68 for the transcript of Dr. Onyewu’s
video trial deposition; $690.40 for the transcript of Dr. Rastogi’s video trial
deposition; and $564.00 for the transcript of Rosalyn Pierce’s video trial
°deposition. Renzi contends that the costs of the transcripts are not recoverable
because the experts’ depositions were introduced into evidence via video at trial.3°
Generally, a plaintiff may recover the cost of transcribing a deposition that
was introduced as evidence at trial.gl However, the Court has held that where the
expert testilied at trial via videotape, transcription of the expert’s testimony is
duplicative for purposes of recovering the transcription cost.” Because the Dr.
29 Def.’s Response Br., at ‘1[1] 7-8.
3°1¢1 ar~ns.
31 See Super.__Ct._ Civ. R. 54(f)("'l`he fees paid court reporters for the Court's copy of transcripts of
shall :i¢.=§it. be taxable CGS!SS unless introdi;_€_>'€§_. into _. .""`§:,
i§€§.-‘z:atzz=w@ §:;‘a¢:»;»;,¢. 200 *iaz2009 WL 659073 (Del. Super. Mar. 9, 2009), the
Court admonished counsel for counsels motion for costs:
Because even a cursory perusal of the relevant statutory
sections and case law should have alerted Plaintiffs
counsel that its motion requests numerous unrecoverable
expenses, the Court suspects that Plaintiffs counsel chose
to submit all of the trial experts total invoice amounts and
rely upon opposing counsel and the Court to identify the
recoverable portions.Counsel is cautioned that this
approach is highly disfavored. Quite sirnply, a motion
for costs is not an opportunity for the prevailing party to
"&irow everything at the wall’ (or, more to the point, at the
opposing party) and see what sticks. In particular, if full
invoice amounts are submitted upon a motion for costs
without adequate itemization, the Court may decline to
award costs.33
lt is clear to the Court that Plaintiffs’ counsel has abdicated his responsibility
to substantiate his Motion for Costs because Plaintiffs’ counsel has failed to provide
appropriate factual support for the costs he has requested. Furthermore, Plaintiffs’
counsel has not applied any legal principles to identify which amount of the
Orr, 1995 WL 654144, at *2 (Del. Super. Oct. 24, l995).
33 Payne v. H@me Depo¢, 2009 WL 659073,31 n. 29 (Del. Super. Mar. 12, 2009).
13
requests are legally recoverable and which are barred. Plaintiffs’ counsel, instead,
treated the Motion for Costs as a mere conduit through which to submit to the
Court Plaintiffs’ experts’ bills leaving the Court with the burdensome task of
searching the record to determine what, if any, support exists for the requested
costs. As the Court noted in Payne, the Court fmds that this practice is‘higlily
disfavored’ and significantly falls short of the Court?s expectations for counsel
presenting a motion for costs.
The Court finds that Renzi does not object to Plaintiffs’ request of $2,156 in
costs. Plaintiffs’ Motion is GRANTED as to that amount. The Court also fmds that
the following additional fees are reasonable:
3..
b.
Fee for video trial deposition of Dr. Onyewu - $l,725;
Fee for video trial deposition of Dr. Rastogi - $975;
Fee for video trial deposition ofRosa1yn Pierce - $l,462.l5;
Fee for live trial testimony of Brent Leisenring, P.E. -
$3,084.`63;
Fee for live trial testimony of Andrew Verzilli, M.B.A. -
$1,750;
Fee for creating and editing custom visual aids for trial - $0;
Travel expenses for deposition of Dr. Valentino - $0;
Fee for Dr. Onyewu?s video trial deposition transcript - $0;
Fee for Dr. Rastogis video trial deposition transcript - $0; and
14
j. Fee for Rosalyn Pierce’s video trial deposition transcript- $O.
Therefore, Plaintiff shall collect $l l,l52.78 in total and Plaintiffs’ Motion for
Costs is GRANTED, in part, and DEN`H`.~D, in part.
IT IS SO
FQH"_ES'W. Wharton, Judge
a. Complaint filing fee - $195;
b. Service of process fee - $60;
c. Trial fee - $150;
d. Videographer/court reporter services for video trial deposition
of Dr. C. Obi Onyewu - $622;
e. Videographer/court reporter services for video trial deposition
of Dr. Pawan Rastogi - $507; and
f. Videographer/court reporter services for video trial deposition
of Rosalyn Pierce - $622.4
Renzi claims that Plaintiffs are not entitled to recover the remaining costs
which are:
a. Expert witness fee for video trial deposition of Dr. C. Obi
Onyewu - $6,000;
b. Expert witness fee for video trial deposition of Dr. Pawan
Rastogi - $2,500;
c. Expert witness fee for video trial deposition of Rosalyn Pierce
- $3 ,21 1. 1 5;
d. Live trial testimony of expert Brent Leisenring, P.E. -
$7,090.88;
e. Live trial testimony of expert Andrew Verzilli; M.B.A._-
$l,750; ` '
f. Creating and e¢i'iii;i;r:g custom visual aids for trial - $960;
g. Travel expenses for deposition of Dr. Steven Valentino, D.O. -
$3 6. 1 8;
4 Def.’s Response Br., D.I. 146, at Ex. 1.
h. Transcript of Dr. C. Obi Onyewu’s video trial deposition -
$827.68;
i. Transcript of Dr. PaWan Rastogi’s video trial deposition -
$690.40; and
j. Transcript of Rosalyn Pierce’s video trial deposition - $564.00.
Standard of Review
Pursuant to Super. Ct. Civ. R. 54(d), "costs shall be allowed as of course to
the prevailing party upon application to the Court within ten (l0) days of the entry
of final judgment unless the Court otherwise directs." Additionally, "[f]ees for
expert witnesses testifying on deposition shall be taxed as costs pursuant to l0
Del.C. § 8906 only where the deposition is introduced into evidence."$ Under 10
Del. C. § 8906, "[t]he fees for witnesses testifying as experts. . .shall be fixed by the
Court in its discretion. . ."
IV. Discussion
Plaintiffs have submitted their experts’ bills to the Court to support
Plaintiffs’ requests for costs. After reviewing the docurnentation, it appears that
many of then experts charged a flat fee for their services. The absence of additional
information regarding the experts’ services puts the Court in the difficult position
of determining whether or not the costs Plaintiffs request are reasonable. Despite
5 super. Ct. civ. R. 54(11).
recognizing that Plaintiffs bear the burden of substantiating their request for costs,
it is not appropriate to deny Plaintiffs’ Motion in its entirety. Instead, the Court
has engaged in the cumbersome process of weighing various experts’ credentials
across various professions to attribute each expert with an appropriate hourly rate.
A. Feefor Vz`a'eo Trial Depositz'on of Dr. Onyewu and Dr. Rastogi
Plaintiffs request $6,000 for Dr. Onyewu’s videotaped deposition testimony
and $2,5 00 for Dr. Rastogi’s videotaped_deposition testimony. lt appears that both l
Doctors charge a flat fee for their deposition testimony. Dr. Onyewu testified for
approximately two hours and seventeen minutes and Dr. Rastogi testified for
approximately one hour and twenty minutes. Renzi claims that both fees are
excessive.6
"[T]he expert's fee that is recoverable as a cost of litigation is limited to the
time necessarily spent in actual attendance upon the Court for the purpose of
testifying.’” Attendance includes the time required to travel to and &om the
courthouse, time spent in the courthouse while waiting to testify and testifying.g
There is no fixed formula for evaluating medical expert witness fees.9 Instead, the
Court has routinely accepted as reasonable the ranges identified in a 1995 study
performed by the Medical Society of Delaware’s Medico-Legal Affairs Committee
-6 De-f.’s Response Br., at 11 5.
7 Sz‘az‘e ex rel. Price v. 0. 06 73 Acres ofLand, 224 A.2d 598, 602 (Del.l966).
8 State ex rel. State Hwy. Dep ’t v. Lots Nos. ]33, ]34, and ]35, Bl0ck ], of Concord Heighz‘s, 238
A.2d 837, 838-39 (Del. 1968).
9 Foley v. Elkz‘on Plaza Assoc., LLC, 2007 WL 959521, at *2 (Del. Super. Mar. 30, 2007).
5
as a guideline and has adjusted for inflation.l° ln 1995 , ". . .a reasonable range of
fees for court appearances was from $l,300 to $l,800 per half day. For
depositions a range of $500 to $900 for a two hour deposition was given as a
guideline with a $15 0 to $25 0 charge for each additional half hour."u
_The Court takes notice that since the study was released, the medical care
consumer price index has grown by approximately 21 l.70% as of December 2015
according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.lz Based upon that growth rate,
the appropriate medical expert fee ranges are: $2,752.10 - $3,810.60 for a half day
court appearance; $l,058.50 - $l,905.30 for a two hour deposition; and $317.55 -
$529.25 for each additional half hour. Dr. Onyewu and Dr. Rastogi testified via
videotaped deposition and Plaintiffs did not present information regarding time the
Doctors spent traveling to and from the depositions or expenses each Doctor
incurred. The Court finds that a reasonable fee for each Doctor’s two hour
videotaped deposition is $l,500. The fee shall be pro-rated for the time each
Doctor spent testifying on video. Because Dr. Onyewu testified for approximately
two hours and seventeen minutes, Plaintiffs shall collect $l,725 for his testimony.
1° sea e.g, Foley, 2007 WL 959521, ar * 2 (Del. Super. Mar. 30, 2007); Mid¢ap v. sears,
Roebuck and Co., 2004 WL 1588343, at *3 (Del. Super. May 26, 2004); Clough v. Wal-Mart
Stores, Inc., 1997 WL 719314, at *l (Del. Super. Sept. 9, 1997).
11 Clough, 1997 wL 719314,@1'¢ *1.
12 The Court compounded the average annual percentage increases in the consumer price index
for the medical care sector from January 1995 through December 2015 by using the calculator
provided by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, available at
http://data.bls.gov/timeseries/CUUR0000SAM?output_view=pct_l 2mths. (last visited March
23, 2016).
Because Dr. Rastogi testified for approximately one hour and twenty minutes,
Plaintiffs shall collect $975 for his testimony.
B. Feefor Video Trial Depositz`on of Rosalyn Pierce
Plaintiffs request $3,211.15 for the video trial deposition of Rosalyn Pierce,
Plaintiffs’ vocational rehabilitation expert. Ms. Pierce’s bill is itemized as follows:
$2,399 for "trial & deposition testimony;" $250 for "pre-trial preparation;" $250
per hour for two hours of "travel;" $60 for "mileage;" $2.15 for "tolls." Ms. Pierce
testified via videotaped deposition for approximately one hour and forty-five
minutes. Ms. Pierce holds a Bachelor of Science in Rehabilitation Counseling and
has pursued additional education in that field, including earning various
professional certifications.l?’ She has held teaching positions in her field and has
been working in the field of rehabilitation for over forty years.“ Renzi asserts that
the amount requested for Rosalyn Pierce’s testimony includes unrecoverable
preparation time and is excessive.l$
Plaintiffs are entitled to recover for the time Ms. Pierce spent traveling to
and from the deposition, time Ms. Pierce spent waiting to testify and the time she
spent testifying.w Ther.efore, Plaintiffs_shall recover $250 per hour for two hours
of travel time, $60 for mileage and $2.15 for tolls. Plaintiffs are not entitled to
13 Rosalyn Pierce Tr., D.I. 153, Lodging Part 6: Trial Testimony by Video, 6:7-7:17.
1414 ar 8125-9;25.
15 Def.’s Response Br., at 1[5.
16 concord Hezghrs, 238 A.zd ar 838-39.
recover costs for Ms. Pierce’s preparation time." Therefore, Plaintiffs may not
recover $250 attributed to "pre-trial preparation." Ms. Pierce’s flat fee of $2,399
for approximately two hours of testimony results in an hourly rate of
approximately $l,200 per hour. Based upon Ms. Pierce’s education and
professional experience, the Court finds that amount is excessive and determines
that the appropriate hourly fee for Ms. Pierce’s testimony is $45 0 per hour.
Plaintiffs are entitled to recover $900 for her videotaped trial deposition. In total,
Plaintiffs shall recover $l,462.l5 for Ms. Pierce’s deposition and related expenses.
C. Feefor Lz`ve Trial Tesz‘z'mony of Brem‘ Leisenring, P.E.
Plaintiffs request $7,090.88 for the live trial testimony of expert Brent
Leisenring, P.E. The bill Plaintiffs submitted to the Court itemizes Mr.
Leisenring’s charges as follovvs: $l,500 for "trial preparation" on January 5, 20l6;
$2,25 0 for "trial preparation" on January 6, 2016; $3,000 for "travel[ing] to/from
Wilmington for trial, preparation with Attorney Dillon, and testify[ing] at trial;"
$256.25 for "researc.h;" $15.68 for "parl2006 WL 233 8049, at * 1 (Del. Super. July 20, 2006)(excluding fees
for:'_r:zj:§gf~>;;'.f, wj:i`ii_zl§zss
18 ldef.'“-`~s -as; §__'5;
Plaintiffs are entitled to recover for the time Mr. Leisenring spent traveling
to and from the courthouse, the time Mr. Leisenring spent in the courthouse while
waiting to testify and the time Mr. Leisenring spent testifying.lg Plaintiffs are not
entitled to recover costs for the Mr. Leisenring’s preparation time.zo This includes
time spent researching. Therefore, the Court must exclude: $l,500 for "trial
preparation" on January 5, 20l6; $2,250 for "trial preparation" on January 6, 2016; l
and $256.25 for "research."
The bill reflects that Mr. Leisenring charged Plaintiffs $3 75 per hour and he
spent eight hours "travel[ing] to/Hom Wilmington for trial, preparation with
Attorney Dillon, and testify[ing] at trial." Based upon Mr. Leisenn`ng’s education
and experience, $3 75 per hour is a reasonable fee. Although the bill includes
"preparation with Attorney Dillon," the Court fmds that time was de minimis. lt is
reasonable to conclude that Mr. Leisenring spent two hours each way traveling
between Lancaster, Pennsylvania and Wilmington, Delaware for a total of four
hours. Additionally, Mr. Leisenring spent four hours testifying in Court.
Therefore, Plaintiffs shall recover $3‘,000 for Mr. Leisenring’s live trial testimony
plus $15.68 for "parl