KURT GARDNER v. ALLSTATE FIRE AND CASUALTY and THE STANDARD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY

DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA
FOURTH DISTRICT
KURT GARDNER,
Appellant,
v.
THE STANDARD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY and
ALLSTATE FIRE AND CASUALTY INSURANCE COMPANY,
Appellees.
No. 4D17-1546
[October 25, 2017]
Appeal of non-final order from the Circuit Court for the Fifteenth
Judicial Circuit, Palm Beach County; Jeffrey Dana Gillen, Judge; L.T. Case
No. 502017CA001511XXXMB.
Shelly J. Stirrat of Appellate Services, PLLC, West Palm Beach, and
Jack M. Sobel of Schwed, Adams, Sobel & McGinley, PA, Palm Beach
Gardens, for appellant.
Gabriel C. Dobrin of Law Offices of James W. Kehoe, III, Fort
Lauderdale, for appellee The Standard Fire Insurance Company.
KUNTZ, J.
The Plaintiff appeals an order transferring venue to Manatee County.
In this lawsuit against two uninsured motorist insurers, one of the
defendants filed a motion to transfer venue pursuant to Florida Rule of
Civil Procedure 1.060, and, later, a motion to transfer for forum non
conveniens. The court granted the motion to transfer venue based upon
Rule 1.060, and based upon that ruling denied the forum non conveniens
motion as moot. Because the other defendant has an office in Palm Beach
County, venue was proper in the county. Therefore, we reverse the court’s
order transferring venue.
Background
The Plaintiff, a resident of Broward County, and an at-fault and
uninsured driver, who is a resident of Hillsborough County, were involved
in a car accident on Interstate 75 in Manatee County. The Plaintiff filed
uninsured motorist claims with his insurance companies, which are both
foreign corporations. When both companies denied the claims, the Plaintiff
filed a lawsuit in Palm Beach County.
The two insurers took different approaches in response to the lawsuit.
Defendant Allstate answered the complaint, while defendant Standard Fire
moved to transfer venue based on Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.060.
Standard Fire later filed a separate motion to transfer for forum non
conveniens.
After both sides briefed Standard Fire’s motions, the court held a
hearing and issued a written order granting the motion to transfer, relying
on Geico General Insurance Co. v. Graci, 849 So. 2d 1196, 1199 (Fla. 4th
DCA 2003). The court then denied the motion to transfer for forum non
conveniens as moot; however, it noted in the written order that the
Plaintiff’s arguments for transferring on this ground were not persuasive.
The Plaintiff now appeals the court’s order, arguing Palm Beach County
is a proper venue for this lawsuit.
Analysis
At first glance, it is easy to understand why the court transferred this
action. A lawsuit was filed against two foreign insurers arising from an
automobile accident that occurred in Manatee County between residents
of Hillsborough County and Broward County. With the exception of the
location of the Plaintiff’s attorney, there is no clear connection to Palm
Beach County.
However, the analysis is not so simple. In Florida, chapter 47, Florida
Statutes (2016), governs the determination of proper venue, which is
generally found in section 47.011. However, when the defendant is a
corporation, section 47.051 controls:
Actions against domestic corporations shall be brought only
in the county where such corporation has, or usually keeps,
an office for transaction of its customary business, where the
cause of action accrued, or where the property in litigation is
located. Actions against foreign corporations doing business
in this state shall be brought in a county where such
corporation has an agent or other representative, where the
cause of action accrued, or where the property in litigation is
located.
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Additionally, in cases involving multiple defendants, section 47.021
provides that “[a]ctions against two or more defendants residing in
different counties may be brought in any county in which any defendant
resides.”
We now apply those controlling statutory provisions to the case before
us. The circuit court relied upon Graci to support its conclusion that
venue was proper only in Manatee County. In Graci, the plaintiff filed suit
in St. Lucie County against her uninsured motorist insurer for claims
arising out of an automobile accident that occurred in Martin County. 849
So. 2d at 1197–98. The insurer moved to transfer venue to Martin County,
and filed an affidavit stating that it did not maintain an office or agent in
St. Lucie County. Id. at 1198. The circuit court denied the motion to
transfer venue and, on appeal, we reversed. Id. As correctly noted by the
circuit court in our case, in Graci we explained that the plaintiff’s cause of
action was for a determination of an entitlement to damages caused by an
automobile collision—not a breach of the insurance contract. Id. at 1199.
However, in Graci we also noted that “[o]f the several venue selections
authorized by either section 47.011 or section 47.051, Fla. Stat., the only
one which would be applicable is the county where the cause of action
accrued.” Id. at 1198. There was only one defendant in Graci and the one
defendant did not have an agent in the forum county.
But the circumstances here are different. There are two defendants in
this case, Allstate and Standard Fire. One defendant, Standard Fire, filed
an affidavit stating it does not have an agent or office in Palm Beach
County. However, the other defendant, Allstate, filed an answer to the
Plaintiff’s complaint within which it specifically admitted that it has an
agent in Palm Beach County.
Here, unlike in Graci, there are other provisions to the venue statute
applicable beyond where the cause of action accrued. Specifically, with
regard to foreign corporations, the statute provides that venue is proper
“where such corporation has an agent or other representative, where the
cause of action accrued, or where the property in litigation is located.” §
47.051, Fla. Stat. (2003); see also Fla. Gamco, Inc. v. Fontaine, 68 So. 3d
923, 928 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011). And, as noted above, section 47.021,
Florida Statutes (2016), provides that in cases with multiple defendants
the cause of action may be brought in any venue where any defendant
resides.
Therefore, pursuant to sections 47.021 and 47.051, Florida Statutes,
venue is proper in any county where either defendant has an agent or
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other representative. Allstate answered the complaint and admitted it has
an agent in Palm Beach County. As such, venue was proper in Palm Beach
County and the court erred in granting the motion to transfer venue.
Finally, because the circuit court did not decide Standard Fire’s
separate motion to transfer venue for forum non conveniens on the merits,
neither do we. However, based upon our reversal of the order transferring
venue, we vacate the order on forum non conveniens, as it is no longer
moot.
Conclusion
One of the defendants admitted that it has an agent in Palm Beach
County. Therefore, venue was proper in Palm Beach County and the
court’s order granting Standard Fire’s motion to transfer venue is reversed.
Reversed and remanded for further proceedings.
GROSS and LEVINE, JJ., concur.
* * *
Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.
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