Craig Johnson v. State

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA
FIFTH DISTRICT
NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO
FILE MOTION FOR REHEARING AND
DISPOSITION THEREOF IF FILED
CRAIG JOHNSON,
Appellant,
v. Case No. 5D17-255
STATE OF FLORIDA,
Appellee.
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Opinion filed May 26, 2017
3.800 Appeal from the Circuit Court
for Citrus County,
Richard A. Howard, Judge.
Craig Johnson, Perry, pro se.
Pamela Jo Bondi, Attorney General,
Tallahassee, and Rebecca Rock
McGuigan, Assistant Attorney General,
Daytona Beach, for Appellee.
ORFINGER, J.
Craig Johnson appeals the summary denial of his motion to correct sentence filed
pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(a), which allows a court “at any time
to correct an illegal sentence . . . when it is affirmatively alleged that the court records
demonstrate on their face an entitlement to that relief.” We reverse.
Following a jury trial, Johnson was convicted of possession of oxycodone (count
1) and possession of cocaine with intent to sell (count 3). The trial court sentenced
Johnson to five years in prison on count 1 and fifteen years in prison on count 3, to be
served concurrently. Johnson subsequently filed a partially successful motion for
postconviction relief pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850, which resulted
in the trial court vacating Johnson’s conviction and sentence on count 3. Rather than
face a retrial, Johnson entered a plea on that count and was sentenced to five years in
prison concurrent with any other active sentence. Shortly thereafter, Johnson filed the
present rule 3.800(a) motion, arguing that when the trial court resentenced him on count
3, it improperly modified his sentence on count 1 to provide that his five-year sentence on
count 1 was consecutive to any active sentence even though the court had originally
sentenced him to five years in prison concurrent to any active sentence.
In response, the trial court entered an amended order on count 3, which sentenced
Johnson to “5 yrs concurrent w/ct 1 but consecutive w/anytime [sic] currently serving.”
The trial court then denied the rule 3.800(a) motion, disagreeing
that there was a “re-sentencing” on Count I. The Court's
statement regarding Count 1 was merely stating the obvious:
that after Count III was vacated, Count I remained as 5 years
in the DOC with CTS consecutive to his sentence in 2006-CF-
265. Just as the Defendant has urged, Count I remained as
originally sentenced and was untouched. Thus, the
Defendant's sentence is not illegal. (It is also noted that on
November 28, 2016, rather than face a re-trial on Count III,
the Defendant pleaded no contest to Count III and was
resentenced on Count III to a 5 years [sic] term concurrent to
Count I, but it is still consecutive to the sentence in case
number 2006-CF-265.)
Johnson then served a motion for rehearing, arguing that the “judgment and sentence
order clearly shows that defendant was sentenced to (5) years on count one to run
concurrent to any currently sentence serving.” The motion was denied after the trial court
concluded that rule 3.800 does not allow for a motion for rehearing. This appeal followed.
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The State’s response does not address the merits of Johnson’s claim. Rather, the
State incorrectly asserts the appeal is untimely. A motion for rehearing may be filed within
fifteen days of the date of service of an order on a rule 3.800 motion. See Fla. R. Crim.
P. 3.800(b)(1)(B) (“A party may file a motion for rehearing of any signed, written order
entered under subdivisions (a) and (b) of this rule within 15 days of the date of service of
the order.”). An additional three days is provided for service by mail, for a total of eighteen
days. Fla. R. Crim. P. 3.070. “A timely filed motion for rehearing shall toll rendition of the
order subject to appellate review and the order shall be deemed rendered upon the filing
of a signed, written order denying the motion for rehearing.” Fla. R. Crim. P.
3.800(b)(1)(B).
In this case, the order denying the rule 3.800(a) motion was rendered on
December 7, 2016. Thus, Johnson had until December 25, 2016, to serve a timely motion
pursuant to the mailbox rule. However, December 25, 2016, was a Sunday, and
December 26, 2016, was a court holiday. Hence, Johnson had until December 27, 2016,
to timely serve his motion for rehearing. See Fla. R. Jud. Admin 2.514. The motion for
rehearing reflects a prison mailing stamp of December 27, 2016, and was timely. The
order denying the rehearing motion was rendered January 12, 2017, and the notice of
appeal was timely filed on January 23, 2017. Consequently, the appeal is timely.
Turning to the merits of Johnson’s claim, when a defendant challenges one count
in a postconviction motion and that count is vacated, the trial court is without authority to
modify a sentence on an unchallenged count. See Fasenmyer v. State, 457 So. 2d 1361,
1366 (Fla. 1984) (“We conclude that the concept of aggregate sentencing on
interdependent offenses as it relates to a trial judge's desire to effect the original
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sentencing plan does not justify modification, on remand after appeal, of sentences on
convictions not challenged on appeal or disturbed by the appellate court.”); Hughes v.
State, 177 So. 3d 689, 693 (Fla. 5th DCA 2015) (en banc) (“[W]hen the court is not
effectuating the terms of a plea bargain, Fasenmyer precludes the restructuring of a
sentence imposed for counts not successfully challenged on appeal.”).
A review of this Court’s record of Johnson’s direct appeal confirms that on count
1, the court orally pronounced: “Count one will be five years Department of Corrections,
concurrent with Count Three, concurrent with any time presently serving.” (Emphasis
added). This supports Johnson’s claim that his original sentence on count 1 was orally
pronounced to run concurrent to any active sentence, not consecutive. However, our
records reflect that the original oral pronouncement did not match the original written
sentence on count 1, which provided that Johnson’s five-year sentence was to run
concurrent with count 3, but consecutive to any active sentence being served. But, this
discrepancy did not become an issue until count 3 was vacated. At that time, the court
indicated that count 1 was consecutive to any other active sentence, rather than
concurrent as originally orally pronounced. Johnson attempted to raise this issue in this
rule 3.800(a) motion, and the court determined the sentence on count 1 never changed.
Johnson clarified the issue in his motion for rehearing, but again the trial court denied
relief. The motion should have been granted and the sentencing documents amended to
reflect that counts 1 and 3 are to be served concurrently with each other and any active
sentence being served. See Marshall v. State, 78 So. 3d 72, 73 (Fla. 4th DCA 2012)
(“‘[A] court's oral pronouncement of a sentence controls over the written sentencing
document. When the written document results in a sentence that is more severe than the
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sentence announced in court, . . .’ the sentence is illegal.” (quoting Williams v. State, 957
So. 2d 600, 603 (Fla. 2007))).
REVERSED and REMANDED FOR CORRECTION OF SENTENCE.
WALLIS, J., and JACOBUS, B.W., Senior Judge, concur.
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