State v. Fitzsimmons

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
Docket No. 47623
STATE OF IDAHO, )
) Filed: November 4, 2020
Plaintiff-Respondent, )
) Melanie Gagnepain, Clerk
v. )
)
AMBER DELLA FITZSIMMONS, )
)
Defendant-Appellant. )
)
Appeal from the District Court of the Fourth Judicial District, State of Idaho, Ada
County. Hon. Steven J. Hippler, District Judge.
Judgment of conviction for felony driving under the influence of alcohol, affirmed.
Eric D. Fredericksen, State Appellate Public Defender; Jenny C. Swinford, Deputy
Appellate Public Defender, Boise, for appellant.
Hon. Lawrence G. Wasden, Attorney General; Andrew V. Wake, Deputy Attorney
General, Boise, for respondent.
________________________________________________
GRATTON, Judge
Amber Della Fitzsimmons appeals from the district court’s judgment of conviction for
felony driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI), Idaho Code §§ 18-8004, 18-8005(6).
Fitzsimmons argues that the State presented insufficient evidence of prior DUIs to support the
felony DUI enhancement. For the reasons set forth below, we affirm.
I.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
Fitzsimmons was charged with DUI; the DUI charge was enhanced to a felony based on
an allegation that Fitzsimmons had pled guilty to two substantially conforming foreign violations
within the previous ten years. The district court held a bifurcated trial over two days, holding two
separate phases for the DUI and the felony enhancement. Fitzsimmons was found guilty of DUI
after the first phase. During the second phase, the jury was presented evidence that Fitsimmons
had pled guilty to two misdemeanor violations of California’s statute prohibiting driving under the
influence of alcohol in 2011 and 2014.
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This evidence, presented without objection, included two packets of documents certified
by the Orange County court relating to two prior DUIs. These packets each included: (1) a
complaint; (2) a register of actions/court minutes printout; (3) a misdemeanor plea form; and (4) a
sentence recommendation form. The State also elicited testimony from Fitzsimmons that her name
is “Amber Della Fitzsimmons,” that she was born on December 20, 1978, that her maiden name is
“Setzer,” and that she moved from Orange County, California, to Idaho several years ago. Based
on this evidence, the jury found that Fitzsimmons pled guilty to two violations of a substantially
conforming foreign statute within the previous ten years and then found her guilty of the felony
DUI enhancement. Fitzsimmons timely appeals.
II.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
Appellate review of the sufficiency of the evidence is limited in scope. A finding of guilt
will not be overturned on appeal where there is substantial evidence upon which a reasonable trier
of fact could have found that the prosecution sustained its burden of proving the essential elements
of a crime beyond a reasonable doubt. State v. Herrera-Brito, 131 Idaho 383, 385, 957 P.2d 1099,
1101 (Ct. App. 1998); State v. Knutson, 121 Idaho 101, 104, 822 P.2d 998, 1001 (Ct. App. 1991).
We will not substitute our view for that of the trier of fact as to the credibility of the witnesses, the
weight to be given to the testimony, and the reasonable inferences to be drawn from the evidence.
Knutson, 121 Idaho at 104, 822 P.2d at 1001; State v. Decker, 108 Idaho 683, 684, 701 P.2d 303,
304 (Ct. App. 1985). Moreover, we will consider the evidence in the light most favorable to the
prosecution. Herrera-Brito, 131 Idaho at 385, 957 P.2d at 1101; Knutson, 121 Idaho at 104, 822
P.2d at 1001.
III.
ANALYSIS
Fitzsimmons argues that the State did not present sufficient evidence to support the jury’s
finding that she had previously pled guilty to two DUIs within ten years. Specifically,
Fitzsimmons argues that the evidence was insufficient because the State did not present a judgment
of conviction, court minutes are inherently incomplete and unreliable, and both the plea and
sentence recommendation forms are missing signatures and dates. The State argues that there was
more than sufficient evidence to support the jury’s finding. We address each of these contentions
below.
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A. Judgment of Conviction
Fitzsimmons argues that the evidence presented to the jury was insufficient because the
State did not present a judgment of conviction. Fitzsimmons is correct that no judgment of
conviction was submitted to the jury. However, as Fitzsimmons’ brief acknowledges, “[I.C. §]
18-8005 does not require a current conviction or judgment; it applies whenever a person ‘pled
guilty or has been found guilty.’” State v. Glenn, 156 Idaho 22, 26, 319 P.3d 1191, 1195 (2014).
Thus, the relevant inquiry is whether the State presented sufficient evidence to show that
Fitzsimmons pled guilty to two prior DUIs, not whether there was evidence of a conviction or
judgment.
Moreover, this argument is entirely irrelevant to whether the evidence actually submitted
to the jury was sufficient to support the jury’s finding. Fitzsimmons merely points out additional
evidence that could have been admitted, rather than addressing the relevant question as to whether
the evidence actually submitted to the jury was sufficient to support the felony enhancement. For
these reasons, the absence of a judgment does not show a lack of substantial evidence to support
the jury’s finding.
B. Court Minutes
Fitzsimmons next argues that the court minutes submitted by the State lack reliability
because they are not official court records and therefore cannot constitute evidence. Like any form
of evidence, court minutes may sometimes be inadequate to support an assertion, whether by being
too summary or by referring to events that occurred outside of the proceedings. Fitzsimmons cites
to several cases where that was the issue, including State v. Akin, 139 Idaho 160, 75 P.3d 214 (Ct.
App. 2003) and Martinez v. State, 92 Idaho 148, 438 P.2d 893 (1968). However, none of the cases
cited by Fitzsimmons support her argument that court minutes are inherently so unreliable that a
jury may never rely on them to determine what happened in a prior case.
Unlike the cases cited by Fitzsimmons, this case involves the use of court minutes to show
what happened during the relevant proceedings, and the use of specific language or colloquies is
not at issue. The State rightly points out multiple cases in which both courts in Idaho and
California relied on court minutes to determine what occurred in the relevant proceedings,
including People v. Malabag, 51 Cal. App. 4th 1419, 1422 (Cal. Ct. App. 1997) and State v.
Kralovec, 161 Idaho 569, 576, 388 P.3d 583, 590 (2017).
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More importantly, even if the minutes were unreliable, Fitzsimmons had every opportunity
to object to their admission at trial but failed to do so. If the court minutes were inherently
unreliable, Fitzsimmons should have objected on the grounds that the State did not lay an adequate
foundation. She did not do so, and the court minutes were admitted to the jury as evidence without
her objection. Once admitted, the jury was free to consider them. The minutes included multiple
references to Fitzsimmons’ guilty pleas and, when considered with the additional documents
presented by the State, provided substantial evidence on which the jury could rely.
C. Plea and Sentence Recommendation Forms
Fitzsimmons’ final argument is that the plea and sentence recommendation forms were
incomplete and one-sided because some signatures are missing and there is no indication of who
actually filled out the forms. The two plea forms, signed by Fitzsimmons, stated: “I understand
that the signing and filing of this form is conclusive evidence that I have pleaded [box labelled
‘guilty’ checked] to the charges set forth.” While there are sections that lack signatures of
attorneys or dates, the documents, as a whole or the above-quoted sections alone, certainly support
the jury’s finding that Fitzsimmons had previously pled guilty to two DUIs. Fitzsimmons’
argument on this point asks this Court to reweigh the evidence and find that the lack of signatures
gives room for reasonable doubt, despite evidence that clearly supports the jury’s finding.
However, that is not the function of this Court on review of the sufficiency of evidence. We will
not substitute our judgment on the weight of the evidence with the finder of fact. Knutson, 121
Idaho at 104, 822 P.2d at 1001. Moreover, like the court minutes, Fitzsimmons could have
objected to foundation and reliability at trial in hopes of excluding the documents but did not do
so. Fitzsimmons’ argument goes to the weight that she thinks should be given the forms, but the
jury was free to consider and weigh any incompleteness or omission of information in the forms.
The plea forms provide substantial evidence to support the jury’s finding of guilt.
IV.
CONCLUSION
The evidence submitted by the State was sufficient to support the jury’s finding on the
felony DUI enhancement. No additional evidence was required, and none of the submitted
evidence was relied on in error. Therefore, we affirm the judgment of the district court.
Chief Judge HUSKEY and Judge LORELLO CONCUR.
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