Pedigo v. Youngblood

2015 IL App (4th) 140222
FILED
October 8, 2015
Carla Bender
NO. 4-14-0222 4th District Appellate
Court, IL
IN THE APPELLATE COURT
OF ILLINOIS
FOURTH DISTRICT
BRUCE A. PEDIGO; ANN, INC., d/b/a JOE'S ) Appeal from
WRECKER SERVICE; and THOMAS WRIGHT, ) Circuit Court of
Plaintiffs-Appellees, ) McLean County
v. ) No. 12L58
SEAN YOUNGBLOOD, )
Defendant-Appellant, )
and )
KIRA, LLC., d/b/a BLOOMINGTON NORMAL )
TOWING & RECOVERY; SARA HARSHA; DION ) Honorable
SMITH; BOBBY HEINRICH; and BN WRECKER ) Rebecca Simmons Foley and
LLP, ) Paul G. Lawrence,
Defendants. ) Judges Presiding.
JUSTICE HOLDER WHITE delivered the judgment of the court, with opinion.
Justices Knecht and Appleton concurred in the judgment and opinion.
OPINION
¶1 In March 2014, the trial court found defendant, Sean Youngblood, in contempt for
willfully and contumaciously failing to comply with a court order to produce documents sought
by plaintiffs, Bruce A. Pedigo; Ann Inc., d/b/a Joe's Wrecker Service; and Thomas Wright. The
remaining defendants, Kira, LLC, d/b/a Bloomington Normal Towing & Recovery; Sara Harsha;
Dion Smith; Bobby Heinrich; and BN Wrecker LLP, are not parties to this appeal. As part of its
contempt order, the court ordered Youngblood to pay reasonable attorney fees, to be determined
when and if plaintiffs filed a fee petition.
¶2 Youngblood appeals, asserting the trial court erred by (1) finding him in indirect
civil contempt, (2) imposing compensatory damages as a sanction, and (3) entering an order
while a motion to disqualify the trial judge remained pending. We dismiss this appeal for lack of
jurisdiction.
¶3 I. BACKGROUND
¶4 In April 2012, plaintiffs filed a complaint, alleging defendants committed various
acts of (1) defamation per se (counts I, III, V, and VII) and (2) false light invasion of privacy
(counts II, IV, VI, and VIII). The parties belong to rival towing companies that are in direct
competition with one another in the Bloomington-Normal area.
¶5 In August 2013, plaintiffs filed a motion to compel Youngblood to answer the
plaintiffs' request for discovery, which the trial court granted later that month, ordering
Youngblood to produce the requested discovery. In September 2013, as part of a motion for
sanctions, plaintiffs requested leave to file a petition for rule to show cause. In December 2013,
the court entered an order granting plaintiffs leave to file a rule to show cause. That same day,
plaintiffs filed a rule to show cause.
¶6 On March 4, 2014, the trial court held a hearing regarding several pending issues,
including plaintiffs' rule to show cause. Following the hearing, the court found Youngblood in
indirect civil contempt and asked plaintiffs to submit a proposed order. In its oral
pronouncement, the court stated it would "allow reasonable attorney fees," for which plaintiffs'
counsel was "directed to submit a fee petition so the court can review that for its reasonableness."
On March 10, 2014, Youngblood filed a notice of appeal. The notice of appeal indicated
Youngblood was appealing the court's March 10, 2014, order; however, nothing in the record
shows an order was filed on that date. Rather, the record reflects, on March 13, 2014, the trial
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court entered its written order finding Youngblood in contempt. The written order (1) found
Youngblood in indirect civil contempt, (2) awarded plaintiffs "reasonable attorney fees," and (3)
stated "plaintiffs may file a fee petition seeking a determination of reasonable attorney's fees."
¶7 On March 17, 2014, plaintiffs filed a fee petition requesting attorney fees in the
amount of $5,302.50 for the discovery violation and $712.50 for the filing of the fee petition.
Notably, on June 16, 2014, the record on appeal was prepared and certified. At that time, the
trial court had not yet ruled on the fee petition to determine the amount of attorney fees
Youngblood would be ordered to pay.
¶8 In March 2015, while this case was pending on appeal, plaintiffs filed a motion
for sanctions pursuant to Illinois Supreme Court Rule 375 (eff. Feb. 1, 1994), asserting
Youngblood filed a frivolous appeal. We ordered plaintiffs' motion be taken with the case. In
June 2015, Youngblood filed a response stating his appeal was taken in good faith.
¶9 II. ANALYSIS
¶ 10 On appeal, Youngblood contends the trial court erred by (1) finding him in
indirect civil contempt, (2) imposing compensatory damages as a sanction, and (3) entering an
order while a motion to disqualify the trial judge remained pending. Plaintiffs, in turn, assert this
court lacks jurisdiction over the appeal because (1) Youngblood appeals from an order entered
March 10, 2014, and no such order exists, and (2) the written order entered March 13, 2014,
finding Youngblood in contempt did not set an amount for the sanction imposed. Thus, before
reaching Youngblood's arguments, we first examine the question of jurisdiction.
¶ 11 A. Jurisdiction
¶ 12 In this situation, the parties' case remains pending before the trial court, as the
contempt order did not dispose of the entire proceeding. Accordingly, we must consider our
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jurisdiction pursuant to Illinois Supreme Court Rule 304 (eff. Feb. 26, 2010), which governs the
appeal of final judgments that do not otherwise dispose of the entire proceeding. Generally
speaking, unless an order is exempt under subsection (b), in order to take an appeal prior to the
court entering a final order, the aggrieved party must obtain a special finding from the court
stating there is no just reason for delaying the appeal. Ill. S. Ct. R. 304(a) (eff. Feb. 26, 2010). A
contempt finding falls under one of the exemptions as set forth in subsection (b)(5), which
permits a party to immediately appeal "[a]n order finding a person or entity in contempt of court
which imposes a monetary or other penalty." Ill. S. Ct. R. 304(b)(5) (eff. Feb. 26, 2010).
¶ 13 Youngblood asserts the trial court's March 4, 2014, oral pronouncement, and
subsequent March 13, 2014, written order (1) found him in contempt and (2) imposed a
monetary or other penalty, thus fulfilling the requirements for this court's jurisdiction under Rule
304(b)(5). Conversely, plaintiffs assert we lack jurisdiction because (1) Youngblood filed his
notice of appeal prior to the entry of the March 13, 2014, written order, and (2) the court
imposed no monetary sanctions until August 2014, more than five months after Youngblood
filed his notice of appeal and two months after the record had been prepared and certified for
purposes of this appeal.
¶ 14 Following a March 4, 2014, hearing, the trial court, in its oral pronouncement,
found Youngblood in contempt and ordered reasonable attorney fees as a sanction. The court
thereafter instructed plaintiffs' counsel to prepare a written order and directed him to submit a fee
petition. On March 13, 2014, the court entered a written contempt order, stating, in part, "[a]s a
sanction for indirect civil contempt, defendant Youngblood shall pay reasonable attorney's fees
incurred by plaintiffs as a result of his failure to answer plaintiffs' first requests to produce." The
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order then stated, "plaintiffs may file a fee petition seeking a determination of reasonable
attorney's fees."
¶ 15 According to Illinois Supreme Court Rule 303 (eff. Sept. 21, 2006), "[a] notice of
appeal filed after the court announces a decision, but before the entry of the judgment or order, is
treated as filed on the date of and after the entry of the judgment or order." Thus, Youngblood's
March 10 notice of appeal, filed after the court's oral pronouncement, is to be treated as filed on
the date and after the entry of the March 13, 2014, written order. Moreover, though
Youngblood's notice of appeal stated the wrong date for the court's contempt order, the notice of
appeal sufficiently articulated the substance of the order such that plaintiffs were informed of the
relief Youngblood sought. See In re Estate of Malloy, 96 Ill. App. 3d 1020, 1024, 422 N.E.2d
76, 80 (1981). Next, we turn to plaintiffs' contention that we lack jurisdiction because the
written order of contempt entered March 13, 2014, did not set an amount for the sanction
imposed.
¶ 16 Youngblood asserts the court's order that he pay "reasonable attorney fees"
constitutes a monetary sanction, thus bringing the order under this court's jurisdiction. In
support, Youngblood relies on Lewis v. Family Planning Management, Inc., 306 Ill. App. 3d
918, 715 N.E.2d 743 (1999), to distinguish the present case from a situation in which the court
imposed no sanctions. In Lewis, the court held it lacked jurisdiction over the appeal because
there was no finding of contempt and no imposition of a fine or any other sanction for contempt.
Id. at 922, 715 N.E.2d at 747. Here, Youngblood argues, the court imposed a sanction of
"reasonable attorney fees," thus rendering the order final and appealable despite the lack of a
specific ruling as to the amount of sanctions. We find Youngblood's reliance on Lewis
unpersuasive as Lewis fails to address the issue in this appeal, that being, whether a contempt
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order granting reasonable attorney fees, in an amount to later be determined, is appealable under
Illinois Supreme Court Rule 304 (eff. Feb. 26, 2010).
¶ 17 On March 10, 2014, when Youngblood filed his notice of appeal, and on March
13, 2014, when the court entered its written order, plaintiffs had not filed a fee petition, nor had
the trial court imposed a specific monetary sanction. In fact, the record on appeal, which was
certified in June 2014, fails to reflect a court order setting the amount of "reasonable attorney
fees." "A contempt order that does not impose sanctions is not final and not reviewable." In re
Estate of Hayden, 361 Ill. App. 3d 1021, 1026, 838 N.E.2d 93, 98 (2005). Because the court, in
its March 13, 2014, written order, did not impose a specific monetary sanction, we cannot review
the appropriateness of the sanction. Such a review would require us to speculate as to whether a
sanction, monetary or otherwise, was later imposed. We are not inclined to do so.
¶ 18 Accordingly, because Youngblood appealed the contempt order prior to the trial
court imposing a monetary sanction, this court lacks jurisdiction under Rule 304(b)(5) to
entertain the merits of his appeal.
¶ 19 B. Appellate Court Sanctions
¶ 20 Having determined we lack jurisdiction to hear Youngblood's appeal, we next
address plaintiffs' request for sanctions pursuant to Rule 375. Under Rule 375, this court may
impose sanctions where a party (1) willfully fails to comply with the appeal rules; or (2) files an
appeal that is frivolous or otherwise not taken in good faith, such as to harass, delay, or cause
needless expense. Ill. S. Ct. R. 375 (eff. Feb. 1, 1994). An appeal is frivolous "where it is not
reasonably well grounded in fact and not warranted by existing law or a good-faith argument for
the extension, modification, or reversal of existing law." Ill. S. Ct. R. 375(b) (eff. Feb. 1, 1994).
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¶ 21 Here, Youngblood claims he filed this appeal in a good-faith attempt to address
the underlying discovery issue. However, the record belies that assertion. First, though
Youngblood initially filed a motion to vacate the trial court's August 2013 order compelling him
to comply with discovery, he later withdrew his motion and said he understood, by doing so, he
was agreeing to comply with the motion to compel. Thus, Youngblood cannot now claim he had
a good-faith reason well-grounded in fact for failing to comply with the court order he agreed to
follow. Second, this is not the first occasion on which Youngblood has prematurely appealed a
trial-court ruling. In Youngblood v. McGinty, 2015 IL App (4th) 140264-U, ¶ 22, this court
entered an order dismissing Youngblood's appeal for prematurely appealing a nonfinal order.
We also ordered Youngblood to pay sanctions because his appeal was not well-grounded in fact
or warranted by law. Id. ¶ 36. Likewise, in another appeal brought under the same case, this
court entered a summary order dismissing Youngblood's appeal for lack of jurisdiction for
prematurely appealing a nonfinal order. Youngblood v. McGinty, No. 4-14-0920 (Feb. 20, 2015)
(unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23). Yet, he persists in pursuing a nonfinal order
on a third occasion. We therefore conclude Youngblood's actions are taken in an attempt to
harass, delay, or cause needless expense to plaintiffs.
¶ 22 Because Youngblood's appeal failed to comply with our jurisdictional
requirements and his noncompliance was not made in good faith, we grant plaintiffs' motion for
sanctions against Youngblood. At plaintiffs' request, this applies only to Youngblood, not his
attorney, as Youngblood filed his notice of appeal while acting pro se. We direct plaintiffs to
file a statement of reasonable expenses and attorney fees incurred as a result of this appeal within
14 days. Youngblood shall then have seven days to file a response. This court will then file a
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supplemental order determining the amount of sanctions. See Penn v. Gerig, 334 Ill. App. 3d
345, 357, 778 N.E.2d 325, 336 (2002).
¶ 23 III. CONCLUSION
¶ 24 For the foregoing reasons, we dismiss this appeal for lack of jurisdiction.
Additionally, we grant plaintiffs' motion for sanctions pursuant to Illinois Supreme Court Rule
375 (eff. Feb. 1, 1994).
¶ 25 Appeal dismissed.
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