People v. Glover

NOTICE 2020 IL App (4th) 190014-UThis order was filed under Supreme FILED
Court Rule 23 and may not be cited NOS. 4-19-0014, 4-19-0015, 4-19-0017 cons. August 24, 2020
as precedent by any party except in Carla Bender
the limited circumstances allowed IN THE APPELLATE COURT 4th District Appellate
under Rule 23(e)(1). Court, IL
OF ILLINOIS
FOURTH DISTRICT
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, ) Appeal from
Plaintiff-Appellee, ) Circuit Court of
v. (No. 4-19-0014) ) Coles County
MICHAEL A. GLOVER, ) No. 12CF236
Defendant-Appellant. )
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THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, ) No. 12CF329
Plaintiff-Appellee, )
v. (No. 4-19-0015) )
MICHAEL A. GLOVER, )
Defendant-Appellant. )
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THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, ) No. 12CF355
Plaintiff-Appellee, )
v. (No. 4-19-0017) ) Honorable
MICHAEL A. GLOVER, ) Brien J. O’Brien,
Defendant-Appellant. ) Judge Presiding.
JUSTICE HOLDER WHITE delivered the judgment of the court.
Presiding Justice Steigmann and Justice Harris concurred in the judgment.
ORDER
¶1 Held: The appellate court granted the Office of the State Appellate Defender’s motion to
withdraw, vacated the trial court’s judgments, and ordered defendant’s motion
order nunc pro tunc be stricken.
¶2 This case comes to us on the motion of the Office of the State Appellate Defender
(OSAD) to withdraw as counsel on appeal on the ground no meritorious issues can be raised in
this case. For the following reasons, we grant OSAD’s motion, vacate the trial court’s
judgments, and order the motion for order nunc pro tunc be stricken.
¶3 I. BACKGROUND
¶4 In July 2012, the State charged defendant, Michael A. Glover, with burglary in
Coles County case No. 12-CF-236. Defendant posted bond after spending 60 days in custody.
In September 2012, the State charged defendant with unlawful possession of a stolen motor
vehicle in Coles County case No. 12-CF-329. Defendant posted bond after spending eight days
in custody. In October 2012, the State charged defendant with burglary in Coles County case
No. 12-CF-0355. Defendant posted bond after spending 32 days in custody.
¶5 In November 2012, the State charged defendant with nine felony offenses in
Champaign County case No. 12-CF-1913. People v. Glover, 2018 IL App (4th) 160058-U, ¶¶ 2,
6. In December 2013, defendant pleaded guilty to one count of unlawful possession of a stolen
vehicle in Champaign County case No. 12-CF-1913, and the trial court sentenced him to nine
years’ imprisonment with 399 days of pretrial incarceration credit.
¶6 Following sentencing in Champaign County, defendant was transferred to the
Coles County jail. In May 2014, defendant pleaded guilty to the charges in the three Coles
County cases. In Coles County case No. 12-CF-236, defendant was sentenced to 10 years’
imprisonment with credit for 60 days of pretrial detention. In Coles County case No. 12-CF-329,
defendant was sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment with credit for 8 days of pretrial detention.
In Coles County case No. 12-CF-355, defendant was sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment with
credit for 32 days of pretrial detention. The sentences in the three Coles County cases were
concurrent to each other but consecutive to the nine-year sentence in Champaign County case
No. 12-CF-1913. At the May 2014 guilty plea hearing, defendant asked about credit for his time
in the Coles County jail following his transfer after being sentenced in Champaign County. The
trial court explained the days would count toward the sentence in his Champaign County case.
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¶7 Defendant began filing motions to sort out his pretrial detention credit. In May
2015, the trial court held a hearing on defendant’s motion to withdraw his guilty pleas. The
court reviewed each mittimus and confirmed defendant had 100 total days of pretrial sentencing
credit split between the three cases. The court amended the mittimus in Coles County case No.
12-CF-329 to reflect eight days of credit. The amended judgment noted the credit for pretrial
detention was separate in the three cases and did not overlap. The amended judgment further
noted that defendant’s time spent in the Coles County jail following his sentencing in Champaign
County was time served pursuant to the sentence imposed in Champaign County. Defendant
again asked about credit from the date of his plea in Champaign County until he pleaded in Coles
County, and the court explained that he was serving his prison sentence for the Champaign
County case at that time.
¶8 At a hearing in December 2015, defense counsel explained he spoke with
attorneys in Champaign County to figure out how to work around the way the Department of
Corrections calculated and awarded pretrial detention credit split between the cases. Per the
agreement, the pretrial incarceration credit in the Coles County cases was changed to zero, while
Champaign County increased the pretrial incarceration credit from 399 days to 499 days,
allowing defendant to receive all his credit.
¶9 Defendant appealed the denial of his motion to withdraw his guilty plea. In June
2016, the matter was remanded for compliance with Illinois Supreme Court Rule 604(d) (eff.
July 1, 2017). After the remand, defendant appealed and argued his counsel was ineffective for
failing to argue for relief on defendant’s claim for pretrial incarceration credit. This court
rejected the claim, finding defendant could not prevail on an ineffective assistance of counsel
claim. People v. Glover, 2017 IL App (4th) 160716-U, ¶¶ 33-34.
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¶ 10 In January 2016, defendant filed a petition for relief from judgment asserting that
when he pleaded in Champaign County he was told he would receive an eight-year sentence in
Coles County, and he sought to enforce a 17-year aggregate plea deal. The petition was denied
and defendant appealed, consolidating the appeal with an appeal of the denial of his
postconviction petition in Champaign County. This court found defendant failed to state a legal
basis for relief in his petition for relief from judgment. Glover, 2018 IL App (4th) 160058-U,
¶ 45.
¶ 11 In March 2018, defendant filed a postconviction petition asserting ineffective
assistance of counsel. The day after the postconviction petition was filed, the trial court
summarily dismissed the petition. Defendant appealed, and this court reversed and remanded for
further postconviction proceedings. People v. Glover, No. 4-18-0197 (2020) (unpublished
summary order under Illinois Supreme Court Rule 23(c)).
¶ 12 In October 2018, defendant filed a motion for order nunc pro tunc, asking the trial
court to correct the mittimus to reflect credit in the Coles County jail from December 2013, when
he was transferred from Champaign County, to his plea hearing in May 2014. The motion stated
that credit for those days had not been applied toward any other sentence. The following day,
the trial court denied the motion. The court found the issue of credit for the December 2013 to
May 2014 period was brought before Judge Teresa Righter in May 2015, and the court ultimately
ruled that the time defendant sought credit for was actually part of the sentence from Champaign
County that defendant began serving after his December 23, 2013, guilty plea. The docket entry
noted defendant failed to challenge this ruling.
¶ 13 In November 2018, defendant filed a motion for reconsideration, alleging the trial
court denied his motion because it was resolved in a prior ruling, but he “is still not being
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awarded the full amount that is due.” Defendant asserted he was entitled to the 100 days of
pretrial incarceration credit plus an additional 130 days for the time between his guilty plea in
Champaign County (December 23, 2013) and his guilty plea in Coles County (May 2, 2014).
Defendant argued the mittimus should “be amended to reflect 629 days, not just 499 days, which
were ordered on May 19, 2015, but somehow it did not get honored by the IDOC.” Defendant
attached the amended judgment described in paragraph seven above.
¶ 14 In December 2018, the trial court issued a memorandum opinion dismissing the
motion for reconsideration. The court detailed the foregoing procedural history of the case and
found defendant had been properly credited for a total of 499 days of pretrial incarceration credit.
The court concluded, “[w]hile the court understands that the defendant was transferred to Coles
County after the sentence was imposed in Champaign County and was held in the Coles County
jail until his guilty pleas on 5/2/14, that does not entitle him to additional sentencing credit in
Coles County.”
¶ 15 This appeal followed. On appeal, OSAD, appointed counsel for defendant, filed a
motion for leave to withdraw as defendant’s counsel and attached a memorandum of law. On its
own motion, this court granted defendant leave to file additional points and authorities by March
6, 2020. Defendant has not done so.
¶ 16 II. ANALYSIS
¶ 17 OSAD indicates it has reviewed the record and concluded any request for review
would be without merit. OSAD argues (1) defendant cannot seek additional sentence credit in a
motion for order nunc pro tunc and (2) defendant is not entitled to credit for the period of
December 2013 to May 2014.
¶ 18 A. Order Nunc Pro Tunc
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¶ 19 Whether an order satisfies the legal criteria for a nunc pro tunc order is reviewed
de novo. People v. Merritt, 395 Ill. App. 3d 169, 178, 916 N.E.2d 631, 639 (2009).
¶ 20 The trial court loses jurisdiction to hear a cause after the expiration of the 30-day
period following the entry of a final judgment. People v. Bailey, 2014 IL 115459, ¶ 8, 4 N.E.3d
474. “[I]f there is proper evidence of a clerical error, the court may use a nunc pro tunc order at
any time to correct the mistake.” Peraino v. County of Winnebago, 2018 IL App (2d) 170368,
¶ 16, 101 N.E.3d 780. Judicial action taken by a court but inadvertently omitted due to a clerical
error may be incorporated through a nunc pro tunc order. Id.¶ 21 The purpose of a nunc pro tunc order is to make the record correspond with what
a court decided in the past. People v. Coleman, 2017 IL App (4th) 160770, ¶ 22, 90 N.E.3d
1043. “Such orders may be used to correct clerical errors, but may not be used to challenge a
court’s previous decision.” Id. A judicial error is a failure to follow the law and such an error
may not be corrected by a nunc pro tunc order. Id. ¶ 23.
¶ 22 Here, the 130 days at issue have never been credited to defendant as part of his
pretrial incarceration credit. The trial court’s May 2015 order attempted to solve defendant’s
problem by clarifying that the time served from December 2013 to May 2014 was part of the
sentence Champaign County imposed on him on December 23, 2013. Defendant seeks to correct
the finding that the 130 days were part of his Champaign County sentence, which is a perceived
judicial error. A motion for order nunc pro tunc is not the proper filing for this purpose.
¶ 23 Defendant did not challenge the trial court’s order finding the 130 days were part
of his Champaign County sentence. More than 30 days have passed since that 2015 ruling.
Because the trial court lacked jurisdiction to address defendant’s motion for order nunc pro tunc,
this court “is limited to considering the issue of jurisdiction below.” Bailey, 2014 IL 115459,
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¶ 29. Because the trial court lacked jurisdiction to address the merits of defendant’s attempt to
correct a judicial error, we vacate the court’s judgments of October 23, 2018, and December 18,
2018. We further order defendant’s motion for order nunc pro tunc stricken.
¶ 24 B. Pretrial Incarceration Credit
¶ 25 Whether a defendant is entitled to credit for pretrial incarceration is reviewed
de novo. People v. White, 357 Ill. App. 3d 1070, 1073, 831 N.E.2d 657, 660 (2005).
¶ 26 Here, even if defendant filed the proper motion for pretrial incarceration credit, he
is not entitled to double credit for the 130 days he spent in custody in Coles County because
those days were being served as part of his Champaign County case, and his Coles County
sentences were consecutive to the Champaign County sentence. Consecutive sentences are
treated as a single term of imprisonment, and a defendant is not entitled to double credit for days
spent incarcerated on more than one offense simultaneously. People v. Latona, 184 Ill. 2d 260,
271, 703 N.E.2d 901, 907 (1998). Therefore, the trial court properly rejected defendant’s request
for credit against his Coles County cases for the 130 days served as part of his Champaign
County case.
¶ 27 III. CONCLUSION
¶ 28 For the reasons stated, we grant OSAD’s motion to withdraw as counsel on
appeal, vacate the trial court’s October 23, 2018, and December 18, 2018, judgments, and order
defendant’s motion stricken.
¶ 29 Vacated.
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