White County Sheriff John Roberts, White County Commissioners, John Heimlick, Ronald Schmierer, and Steve Burton v. Chris and Connie Luthi (mem. dec.)

MEMORANDUM DECISION
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Jun 26 2015, 7:58 am
Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as
precedent or cited before any court except for the
purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata,
collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANTS
Julie J. Havenith
Travelers Staff Counsel Office
Merrillville, Indiana
IN THE
COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
White County Sheriff John June 26, 2015
Roberts, White County Court of Appeals Case No.
Commissioners, John Heimlick, 37A03-1501-CT-33
Ronald Schmierer, and Appeal from the Jasper Circuit
Steve Burton, Court.
The Honorable John D. Potter,
Appellants-Defendants, Judge.
Cause No. 37C01-0906-CT-291
v.
Chris and Connie Luthi,
Appellees-Plaintiffs
Baker, Judge.
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[1] White Country Sheriff John Roberts and White County Commissioners John
Heimlick, Ronald Schmierer, and Steve Burton (collectively, the appellants)
appeal the trial court’s denial of summary judgment regarding Chris and
Connie Luthi’s negligence claim. The appellants argue that, as the Luthis failed
to file a response to their summary judgment motion, there were no genuine
issues of material fact. They also maintain that the Luthis failed to prove that
the Sheriff breached a duty or that their damages were caused by the Sheriff’s
negligence. Finding that the appellants’ motion for summary judgment failed
to establish that there were no issues of material fact regarding Sheriff Robert’s
negligence, we affirm and remand for further proceedings.
Facts
[2] The facts as supplied by the appellants in their motion for summary judgment
are as follows:1
Plaintiff Chris Luthi was arrested on Friday, June 8, 2007 after he was
stopped by the Indiana State Police. Plaintiff had started drinking
vodka at his office at 8:00 a.m. that day, left his office at
approximately 10:30 a.m. and drove to a liquor store approximately 16
miles away. When Plaintiff arrived at the liquor store, they refused to
sell him anything. Plaintiff came out of the liquor store and a person
who had called 911 was parked behind him. The 911 caller told
Plaintiff not to drive and Plaintiff believes he told him to “kind of get
screwed.” Plaintiff was then pulled over approximately 5 miles later by
1
We use the facts as supplied by the appellants in their motion for summary judgment because—as will be
discussed below—the Luthis failed to file response to the appellants’ summary judgment motion. Therefore,
we accept the appellants’ designated materials as true. See Templeton v. City of Hammond, 679 N.E.2d 1368,
1371 (Ind. Ct. App. 1997) (finding that when the non-movant does not come forward with evidence in
opposition to the moving party’s materials, we will accept the moving party’s designated materials as true).
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the Indiana State Police. After the State Police pulled him over, they
asked him if he would take a Breathalyzer and Plaintiff refused.
Plaintiff was then taken by the State Police to the hospital where a
blood draw revealed a blood alcohol content of .49. After two hours,
he was released from the hospital and taken to the White County Jail.
On June 8, 2007, Plaintiff claims that he started having trouble with
balance and walking. However, Plaintiff did not try to get anyone’s
attention at the jail other than to ask to make a phone call. Plaintiff
testified that he did not tell anyone at the jail that he was having these
problems because he believed it was from the alcohol. Other than
problems with balance and walking, Plaintiff was not having any other
problems other than not thinking clearly, which he also attributed to
the alcohol.
Plaintiff slept approximately 8 hours that night and was then moved to
an individual cell late or [sic] evening the next day, Saturday June 9,
2007. He was woken up when he was brought breakfast at 5:00 a.m.
Plaintiff ate his breakfast and did not tell the person who brought him
his breakfast that he was having a problem walking, with his balance,
with thinking or any physical problems. Between 5:00 a.m. and lunch
at noon, he did not try to get anybody’s attention in the jail because he
was sleeping. After lunch, someone came and took Plaintiff to an
individual cell, and Plaintiff testifies that he told the person he had a
problem and it was not just alcohol. Plaintiff states that he told the
person that he could not walk or stand up. Plaintiff did not tell the
person that he could not feel his left leg. Plaintiff then asked the
person for books and told him he wanted to make a phone call, to
which the person responded that he would be back and allow him to
do that. Plaintiff cannot recall saying anything else to this person.
Plaintiff did not ask that person for medical assistance. Plaintiff states
that the person then left and came back a couple of hours later with the
books. When the person returned with the books, he told Plaintiff that
he could make a phone call. Plaintiff did not tell the person anything
or say anything to him about his problem when he returned with the
books.
Plaintiff then went approximately 40 feet to [sic] from his cell to the
phone, without help from anyone. Plaintiff claims that he was holding
onto the walls but was not crawling on the floor as he went to the
phone. Plaintiff claims that he fell halfway to the phone but managed
to get back up on his own. Plaintiff believes that a female working at a
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desk saw him fall and indicated to him that his wife had already called.
Plaintiff testified that he “thanked her for letting me struggle all that
way before she told me that, so I could struggle all the way back.” He
indicated to her that she could have told him that before he went all
the way to the phone and fell, but did not ask the person for medical
assistance or tell her he was having any problems. Plaintiff did not
make a phone call based on his belief that his wife knew where he was.
Plaintiff made his way back to his cell on his own the same way he
had gone to the phone, by holding onto the wall and walking along.
Plaintiff states that when he returned to his cell, approximately 6:00
p.m. on June 9, 2007, he [sic] the jailer that let him into his cell that he
was “just falling down.” He told the jailer [sic] was that there was
something wrong because he could not stand up or walk and it was a
struggle to get anywhere to do anything, and that he had no balance.
Plaintiff did not tell the jailer that he was having numbness or that he
could not feel his leg. The jailer did not have to help him into his cell,
and Plaintiff made it in the cell. Prior to that, Plaintiff had eaten
dinner and drank an 8-ounce cup of juice or punch. After he returned
to his cell, Plaintiff did not try to get anyone’s attention on June 9,
2007. Plaintiff slept the night of June 9, 2007 and was sleeping when
the person came in at 5:00 a.m. the next morning and woke him up
with breakfast.
Plaintiff did not talk to the person that brought him his breakfast.
After breakfast on June 10, 2007, Plaintiff read for a while and then his
wife bailed him out at approximately 11:00 a.m. Plaintiff read an
entire book between the time the jailer brought him books on June 9
and June 10.
Plaintiff claims that he told a young guy who came to his cell to have
him change clothes at approximately 9:00 a.m. on June 10 that he had
no balance and could not walk. Plaintiff was moved back to the
“drunk tank” and walked there unassisted by “groping the walls.”
Plaintiff was able to put his own clothes on himself.
At some point, Plaintiff was brought a wheelchair and taken to be
fingerprinted, but did not tell any of the people involved in
fingerprinting him that he was having any problems. Plaintiff did not
need any assistance getting into the wheelchair. Plaintiff was then able
to fill out forms that were given to him.
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Plaintiff claims that when he was released from the cell, the door was
opened and he was helped onto a gurney and taken out where his wife
and friends helped him to the car. He then claims he was taken
immediately to the hospital from the jail.
Appellants’ App. p. 21-26 (internal citations removed).
[3] Following these events, on June 5, 2009, the Luthis filed their complaint,
alleging that—due to the appellants’ negligence in failing to provide adequate
supervision and medical care—Chris Luthi suffered permanent damages when
he suffered a stroke while incarcerated. On September 22, 2014, the appellants
filed their motion for summary judgment. The Luthis failed to file a response to
the appellants’ motion or to timely file a request for more time to file.
[4] The trial court held a hearing on the summary judgment motion on November
17, 2014. That same day, the trial court issued an order granting the appellants’
motion for summary judgment as to the White County Commissioners, but
denying the appellants’ request for summary judgment as to Sheriff Roberts.
The appellants’ motion for an interlocutory appeal was granted on November
14, 2014.
Discussion and Decision
I. Standard of Review
The appellants argue that the trial court erred when it denied their motion for
summary judgment as to Sheriff Roberts. They argue that, as the Luthis failed
to file a response to their motion for summary judgment, there are no genuine
issues of material fact remaining. At the outset, we note that the Luthis have
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not filed an appellee’s brief. In such a situation, we do not undertake the
burden of developing arguments for the appellee. Hill v. Ramey, 744 N.E.2d
509, 511 (Ind. Ct. App. 2001). We apply a less stringent standard of review
with respect to showings of reversible error, and we may reverse the lower court
if the appellant can establish prima facie error. Id. Prima facie, in this context,
is defined as “at first sight, on first appearance, or on the face of it.” Id.
[5] In addition, when we review the grant or denial of a summary judgment
motion, we apply the same standard as the trial court. Kroger Co. v. Plonski, 930
N.E.2d 1, 4-5 (Ind. 2010). Summary judgment is appropriate only where the
evidence shows that no genuine issue of material fact exists and the moving
party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Id.; Ind. Trial Rule 56(C). All
facts and reasonable inferences drawn from those facts are construed in favor of
the non-moving party, and all doubts concerning the existence of a material
issue must be resolved against the non-moving party. Id.
[6] When reviewing summary judgment rulings, we may consider only those
portions of the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, admissions,
matters of judicial notice, and any other matters designated to the trial court by
the moving party for purposes of the motion for summary judgment. Rosi v.
Bus. Furniture Corp., 615 N.E.2d 431, 434 (Ind. 1993). The party moving for
summary judgment bears the burden of making a prima facie case showing that
there are no genuine issues of material fact and that the movant is entitled to
judgment as a matter of law. Hermann v. Yater, 631 N.E.2d 511, 513 (Ind. Ct.
App. 1994). Once the movant satisfies this burden, the burden shifts to the non-
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moving party to produce specifically designated facts showing the existence of a
genuine issue. Id. Summary judgment is rarely appropriate in negligence cases.
Tibbs v. Huber, Hunt & Nichols, Inc., 668 N.E.2d 248, 249 (Ind. 1996).
II. Summary Judgment Motion
[7] The appellants argue that the Luthis failed to properly designate material in
opposition to their motion for summary judgment pursuant to Indiana Trial
Rule 56(C). Therefore, they contend that there are no genuine issues of
material fact, and that the Luthis have failed to carry their burden of proof
regarding breach of duty and causation.
[8] This Court encountered a similar issue in Templeton v. City of Hammond, 679
N.E.2d, 1368, 1371 (Ind. Ct. App. 1997). In that case, the appellant—who
alleged that the City of Hammond had been negligent in failing to fix a
dangerous defect in the city sidewalk—had failed to file a response to the city’s
motion for summary judgment. We noted that Trial Rule 56 requires “that the
non-movant specifically designate each issue of material fact the non-movant
alleges precludes the entry of summary judgment. A non-movant may not
simply rest upon the allegations in his pleadings.” Id. (internal citations
removed). Yet, we continued on to explain the matter further:
However, the amendments to Trial Rule 56 creating the requirement
that material issues of fact and supporting evidence in opposition to
summary judgment be designated did not alter the structural burden of
summary judgment. Leons v. Bloemker, 649 N.E.2d 1041, 1044 (Ind.
Ct. App. 1995). The party moving for summary judgment still bears
the burden of showing that there are no genuine issues of material fact
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and that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Id. If
the movant fails to make this prima facie showing, then entry of
summary judgment in favor of the movant is precluded, regardless of
whether the non-movant did or did not designate facts and evidence in
response to the motion for summary judgment. Id. (emphasis
provided). Hence, because Templeton did not come forward with
specific evidence in opposition to the City's materials, we accept the
City's designated materials as true. However, the facts designated by
the City do not support the entry of summary judgment in the City's
favor.
Id. Therefore, in the instant case, we also accept the appellants’ designated
materials as true and proceed to determine if there exists any genuine issue of
material fact.
[9] The appellants argue that there are no genuine issues of material fact, and point
us to Halterman v. Adams County Board of Commissioners, 991 N.E.2d 987 (Ind.
Ct. App. 2013). In Halterman, Halterman filed suit against the Adams County
Sheriff, alleging that the Sheriff’s negligence had caused an abscess to develop a
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Id. at 989. A
panel of this Court found that summary judgment was appropriate in this cause,
because the Sheriff had provided medical evidence in his summary judgment
motion that successfully negated the element of causation. See id. at 991.
(“Summary judgment is appropriate in a negligence action where the defendant
demonstrates that the undisputed material facts negate at least one element of
plaintiff’s claim.”) (internal quotations removed).
[10] This case is clearly distinguishable from Halterman. Here, the appellants
provided no evidence to negate any of the prima facie elements of Luthi’s
claim. They have entirely failed to show that he cannot prove one of these
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elements. Rather, the appellants assert that he did not prove his negligence
claim. Luthi is not required to prove his negligence claim at the summary
judgment stage. This argument is an improper attempt to shift the burden of
summary judgment onto the nonmovant. As we stated in Templeton, whether
or not the nonmovant files a response to the moving party’s motion for
summary judgment, the moving party still bears the burden of showing that
there are no genuine issues of material fact. 679 N.E.2d at 1371.
[11] Here, there are clearly genuine issues of material fact to be resolved by the
finder of fact. Even when we use the facts as proffered by the appellants in their
summary judgment motion, our analysis shows that summary judgment would
be inappropriate. It is clear that certain issues of material fact still need to be
determined, for example, whether Chris Luthi suffered a stroke while in the
care of Sheriff Roberts or whether Luthi told individuals that he was suffering
from a medical condition while in the Sheriff’s care. These issues of material
fact are for the fact finder to determine. Therefore, we do not find that the trial
court erred in denying the appellants’ motion for summary judgment as to
Sheriff Roberts.
[12] The judgment of the trial court is affirmed, and the case is remanded for further
proceedings.
Najam, J., and Friedlander, J., concur.
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