State of Iowa v. Dallas Edward Forkner

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA
No. 18-0103
Filed February 20, 2019
STATE OF IOWA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
vs.
DALLAS EDWARD FORKNER,
Defendant-Appellant.
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Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Boone County, Steven J. Oeth,
Judge.
Defendant appeals his convictions on two counts of possession of
methamphetamine with intent to deliver, second offense. AFFIRMED.
Andrew J. Boettger of Hastings, Gartin & Boettger, LLP, Ames, for
appellant.
Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, and Linda J. Hines, Assistant Attorney
General, for appellee.
Considered by Potterfield, P.J., and Tabor and Bower, JJ.
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BOWER, Judge.
Dallas Forkner appeals his convictions on two counts of possession of
methamphetamine with intent to deliver, second offense. We find Forkner failed
to preserve error because he did not object to the statement in the presentence
investigation report (PSI) concerning risk assessments at the time of the
sentencing hearing. We affirm his convictions.
I. Background Facts & Proceedings
On November 27, 2017, Forkner pled guilty to possession of
methamphetamine with intent to deliver, second or subsequent offense, in violation
of Iowa Code section 124.401(1)(b)(7) (2016), a class “B” felony. He also pled
guilty to possession of methamphetamine with intent to deliver, second or
subsequent offense, in violation of Iowa Code section 124.401(1)(c)(6) (2017), a
class “C” felony.
Prior to sentencing on the two offenses, a PSI report was prepared, which
stated, “Department risk assessments indicate the defendant is at high risk to
reoffend.” Forkner filed a sentencing memorandum, which challenged some
statements in the PSI but not the statement he had a high risk to reoffend. The
district court stated it would consider the PSI to be amended by Forkner’s
comments in the sentencing memorandum. After this, the court asked, “Can the
court rely on the contents of the PSI from the defendant’s perspective?” Defense
counsel stated, “Yes, Your Honor.” The court stated it would consider the PSI as
corrected.
The district court then stated,
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I frankly think in light of your criminal history that you're at high risk
to re-offend. That’s—I don’t have any magic ball up here. So I don’t
know. I hope you don’t re-offend. But your history is that you re-
offend.
Okay. The PSI author said you’re at high risk to re-offend.
The court sentenced Forkner to a term of imprisonment not to exceed seventy-five
years on the first charge and thirty years on the second charge, to be served
concurrently. He now appeals, claiming the court improperly considered the PSI
statement he was a high risk to reoffend.
II. Standard of Review
We will not vacate a sentence on appeal “unless the defendant
demonstrates an abuse of trial court discretion or a defect in the sentencing
procedure such as the trial court’s consideration of impermissible factors.” State
v. Lovell, 857 N.W.2d 241, 242–43 (Iowa 2014) (quoting State v. Witham, 583
N.W.2d 677, 678 (Iowa 1998)). “However, ‘[i]f a court in determining a sentence
uses any improper consideration, resentencing of the defendant is required,’ even
if it was ‘merely a secondary consideration.’” Id. at 243 (quoting State v.
Grandberry, 619 N.W.2d 399, 401 (Iowa 2000)).
III. Sentencing
Forkner claims the district court abused its discretion by considering the
statement in the PSI, “Department risk assessments indicate the defendant is at
high risk to reoffend.” He states the consideration of “risk assessments” is an
improper sentencing factor.
“The primary function of the presentence investigation report is to provide
pertinent information to aid the district court in sentencing a defendant.”
Grandberry, 619 N.W.2d at 402. “In determining a defendant’s sentence, a district
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court is free to consider portions of a presentence investigation report that are not
challenged by the defendant.” Id. When a defendant does not object to information
in a PSI report, “the sentencing court [is] free to consider it.” Witham, 583 N.W.2d
at 678.
We conclude Forkner failed to preserve error because he did not object to
the statement in the PSI concerning risk assessments at the sentencing hearing.
See State v. Gordon, 921 N.W.2d 19, 23–24 (Iowa 2018) (“If, as Gordon argues,
we need further evidence to determine whether the court violated his due process
rights by using these risk assessment tools, the defendant must bring that matter
to the court’s attention at the time of sentencing.”); State v. Guise, 921 N.W.2d 26,
29 (Iowa 2018) (“Here, Guise not only failed to raise a due process issue at the
time of trial, but as in Gordon, he told the court it could rely on the information in
the PSI. For this reason, we find Guise failed to preserve his due process claim
for direct appeal.”).
Due to Forkner’s failure to object to the reference to risk assessment in the
PSI during sentencing, we do not address his claims on direct appeal. See
Gordon, 921 N.W.2d at 24. We affirm Forkner’s convictions.
AFFIRMED.