Hollenbeck v. State

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION
No. 125,532
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF KANSAS
MATTHEW J. HOLLENBECK,
Appellant,
v.
STATE OF KANSAS,
Appellee.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Appeal from Sedgwick District Court; DAVID L. DAHL, judge. Submitted without oral argument.
Opinion filed November 9, 2023. Affirmed.
Gerald E. Wells, of Jerry Wells Attorney-at-Law, of Lawrence, for appellant.
Kristi D. Allen, assistant district attorney, Marc Bennett, district attorney, and Kris W. Kobach,
attorney general, for appellee.
Before GREEN, P.J., SCHROEDER and CLINE, JJ.
PER CURIAM: The district court has three options to consider after a K.S.A. 60-
1507 motion has been filed. Here, the district court exercised one of those options and
summarily denied the motion. Matthew J. Hollenbeck now timely appeals and asserts the
district court erred by not granting him an evidentiary hearing on his claims of ineffective
assistance of appointed and retained counsel. Our extensive review of the record reflects
the district court did not err. Accordingly, we affirm.
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FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
In September 2016, Hollenbeck pled guilty to one count of aggravated indecent
liberties with a child in violation of K.S.A. 2013 Supp. 21-5506(b)(3)(A), for acts
committed in May 2014. In exchange for Hollenbeck's plea, the State agreed to dismiss
two counts of aggravated indecent liberties with a child and one count of violation of a
protective order.
Hollenbeck then filed a pro se presentence motion to withdraw plea. Hollenbeck
alleged his retained counsel and his appointed counsel both failed to provide competent
representation; he was coerced into accepting the plea; and his plea was not fairly and
understandingly made. The district court denied Hollenbeck's motion to withdraw plea
after a hearing. Hollenbeck appealed, and a panel of this court affirmed the district court's
denial. State v. Hollenbeck, No. 117,720, 2018 WL 4374264, at *1 (Kan. App. 2018)
(unpublished opinion). Our Supreme Court denied review on February 28, 2019.
In May 2019, Hollenbeck filed a pro se motion for discovery. Hollenbeck
requested transcripts of every hearing in his case; copies of any plea offers; any recorded
statements from the victim, witnesses, or law enforcement; and any reports from any
physical or mental examinations in connection with his case. The district court denied
Hollenbeck's motion as Hollenbeck had not filed a K.S.A. 60-1507 motion for
postconviction relief and was not entitled to free transcripts. The court further noted
Hollenbeck could try to obtain the requested information from the various custodians at
his expense.
Hollenbeck then timely filed a pro se K.S.A. 60-1507 motion in February 2020.
Hollenbeck claimed "several unethical and illegal actions" were taken by both attorneys
which prejudiced him. Specifically, Hollenbeck alleged ineffective assistance of both
counsel and his plea was not voluntarily made because, among other things, the State
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threatened his wife at the time (the victim's mother) and he felt he had no option but to
plead.
Hollenbeck contended he was never offered any transcripts or discovery by his
attorneys and his right to pursue postconviction remedies was hindered. Hollenbeck
provided a lengthy list of conclusory allegations related to each attorney.
Hollenbeck claimed retained counsel:
• was incompetent;
• failed to effectively communicate with Hollenbeck;
• lacked diligence in his representation of Hollenbeck;
• never requested an expert witness on Hollenbeck's behalf;
• failed to pursue defense strategies;
• only pursued a plea of guilty and refused to render assistance beyond the plea;
• never investigated Hollenbeck's accounts with respect to the allegations;
• never produced discovery or evidence to Hollenbeck;
• only met with Hollenbeck approximately five times and then left Hollenbeck
"at the mercy of the Public Defenders office"; and
• lacked knowledge or was unwilling to provide effective assistance.
Hollenbeck claimed appointed counsel:
• adopted the State's theory of events and failed to challenge the State;
• failed to believe Hollenbeck;
• harbored animosity toward Hollenbeck and Hollenbeck's unwillingness to
abandon his innocence;
• refused to accept Hollenbeck's alibi defense;
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• failed to investigate details Hollenbeck provided during visits;
• made a statement about the victim's credibility;
• wanted Hollenbeck to admit to the crime and try to get a departure sentence;
• failed to discuss a defense strategy and only discussed plea details;
• failed to explain why certain evidence would not be permitted;
• confused Hollenbeck by mentioning the case would require character evidence,
which Hollenbeck believed would prove his innocence;
• never contacted law enforcement to verify Hollenbeck's whereabouts at the
time of the alleged crimes; and
• suggested Hollenbeck would have to prove he was dead to support his alibi.
Hollenbeck requested an evidentiary hearing and appointment of effective counsel.
In response, the State asserted Hollenbeck failed to meet his burden to allege facts
sufficient to warrant an evidentiary hearing. The State asked the district court to take
judicial notice of the case file and rule without holding an evidentiary hearing or
appointing counsel. The State explained Hollenbeck was not entitled to transcripts to
pursue a postconviction remedy under State v. McKinney, 10 Kan. App. 2d 459, 701 P.2d
701 (1985), and failed to pursue other avenues to obtain transcripts. The State also
asserted Hollenbeck was free to request discovery from various custodians of the
information and pay the fees associated with retrieval of the documents, but the State had
no duty to provide postconviction discovery. Hollenbeck made no showing he tried to
obtain the discovery in another manner. The State pointed out Hollenbeck's claims of
ineffective assistance of counsel were not supported by evidence; he failed to establish
either counsel performed below an objective standard of reasonableness; and he failed to
establish prejudice. The State also asserted Hollenbeck was barred from raising a claim
his plea was not voluntary under the doctrine of res judicata.
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The district court summarily denied Hollenbeck's motion, finding Hollenbeck had
competent counsel and neither attorney's performance fell below an objective standard of
reasonableness that caused Hollenbeck prejudice. The district court further found
Hollenbeck's contentions alleging both attorneys violated their obligations under the
Kansas Rules of Professional Conduct (KRPC) (2023 Kan. S. Ct. R. at 319) and any laws
or responsibilities had no basis. Finally, the district court noted Hollenbeck directly
appealed his conviction where he unsuccessfully raised the voluntariness of his plea;
thus, Hollenbeck was barred from raising the issue again under the doctrine of res
judicata.
ANALYSIS
Hollenbeck asserts the district court erred in summarily denying his K.S.A. 60-
1507 motion and asks us to remand to the district court for an evidentiary hearing.
He argues both counsel were ineffective in representing him, primarily contending his
retained counsel was ineffective in failing to provide him with discovery and transcripts
to pursue postconviction relief and appointed counsel was ineffective for failing to
investigate the case and contact potential witnesses.
The State responds that the motion, files, and records of the case conclusively
show Hollenbeck is not entitled to relief. The State argues Hollenbeck failed to provide
authority or facts establishing either counsel was ineffective and failed to establish
prejudice.
A district court has three options when handling a K.S.A. 60-1507 motion:
"'(1) The court may determine that the motion, files, and case records conclusively show
the [movant] is entitled to no relief and deny the motion summarily; (2) the court may
determine from the motion, files, and records that a potentially substantial issue exists, in
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which case a preliminary hearing may be held. If the court then determines there is no
substantial issue, the court may deny the motion; or (3) the court may determine from the
motion, files, records, or preliminary hearing that a substantial issue is presented
requiring a full hearing.'" White v. State, 308 Kan. 491, 504, 421 P.3d 718 (2018).
The district court here exercised the first option and determined the motion, files,
and case records conclusively showed Hollenbeck was not entitled to relief. When the
district court summarily denies a K.S.A. 60-1507 motion, we conduct a de novo review to
determine whether the motion, files, and records of the case conclusively establish the
movant is not entitled to relief. Beauclair v. State, 308 Kan. 284, 293, 419 P.3d 1180(2018). Hollenbeck, as the movant, bears the burden to establish his K.S.A. 60-1507
motion warrants an evidentiary hearing by alleging more than conclusory contentions.
Noyce v. State, 310 Kan. 394, 398, 447 P.3d 355 (2019).
A district court must set aside a movant's conviction if "there has been such a
denial or infringement of the constitutional rights of the prisoner as to render the
judgment vulnerable to collateral attack." K.S.A. 2022 Supp. 60-1507(b). The right to
effective counsel is embodied in the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution
and "plays a crucial role in the adversarial system." Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S.
668, 685-86, 104 S. Ct. 2052, 80 L. Ed. 2d 674 (1984); see Chamberlain v. State, 236
Kan. 650, 656-57, 694 P.2d 468 (1985) (adopting Strickland).
"To prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of trial counsel, a criminal
defendant must establish (1) that the performance of defense counsel was deficient under
the totality of the circumstances, and (2) prejudice, i.e., that there is a reasonable
probability the jury would have reached a different result absent the deficient
performance. Sola-Morales v. State, 300 Kan. 875, 882, 335 P.3d 1162 (2014) (relying on
Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687, 104 S. Ct. 2052, 80 L. Ed. 2d 674, reh.
denied 467 U.S. 1267 [1984])." State v. Salary, 309 Kan. 479, 483, 437 P.3d 953 (2019).
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There is a strong presumption counsel rendered adequate assistance and exercised
reasonable professional judgment. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 689. "When . . . the conduct at
issue preceded a guilty plea, prejudice means a reasonable probability that, but for the
deficient performance, the defendant would have insisted on going to trial instead of
entering the plea." State v. Kelly, 298 Kan. 965, 970, 318 P.3d 987 (2014). "'A reasonable
probability is a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome.'" Khalil-
Alsalaami v. State, 313 Kan. 472, 486, 486 P.3d 1216 (2021). Hollenbeck must show
counsel's representation fell below an objective standard of reasonableness viewed at the
time of counsel's conduct. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687-88, 690.
Retained Counsel
Hollenbeck contends retained counsel was ineffective for failing to communicate
and diligently represent Hollenbeck, actively pursue defense strategies, and provide
Hollenbeck with discovery and transcripts once representation ended. Hollenbeck also
claims retained counsel's ineffectiveness had a cumulative effect.
The State responds Hollenbeck failed to brief—and has therefore waived and
abandoned—most of his claims against retained counsel. See State v. Arnett, 307 Kan.
648, 650, 413 P.3d 787 (2018) (issue not briefed deemed waived and abandoned); Russell
v. May, 306 Kan. 1058, 1089, 400 P.3d 647 (2017) (point incidentally raised but not
argued deemed waived or abandoned).
Outside of Hollenbeck's claim alleging failure to turn over discovery and
transcripts, Hollenbeck merely asserts he "continues to urge this Court to find that
[retained counsel] was ineffective for failure to effectively communicate with Mr.
Hollenbeck, for failing to diligently represent Mr. Hollenbeck, and for failure to actively
pursue defense strategies." Providing merely conclusory claims and no analysis or
pertinent authority, Hollenbeck waives and abandons such issues on appeal. See Arnett,
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307 Kan. at 650; Russell, 306 Kan. at 1089. The only claim we find properly presented to
us is retained counsel's alleged failure to turn over discovery and transcripts.
For Hollenbeck to prevail on his remaining claim of ineffective assistance of
counsel by retained counsel, Hollenbeck must establish (1) counsel's performance "was
deficient under the totality of the circumstances, and (2) prejudice." Salary, 309 Kan. at
483. "[T]here is no reason for a court deciding an ineffective assistance claim . . . to
address both components of the inquiry if the defendant makes an insufficient showing
on one." Strickland, 466 U.S. at 697. That is, a court need not "determine whether
counsel's performance was deficient before examining the prejudice" suffered by the
defendant as a result of the alleged deficiencies. Edgar v. State, 294 Kan. 828, 830, 283
P.3d 152 (2012).
Hollenbeck argues he was prejudiced because he could not pursue postconviction
relief without first obtaining his discovery and transcripts. But Hollenbeck focuses on the
ineffectiveness of counsel for failing to turn over documents by emphasizing the
attorney's duty to do so under the KRPC without showing how counsel's failure
establishes the prejudice prong of the analysis. Even if we were to assume, without
deciding, counsel's conduct was deficient, Hollenbeck does not argue or show prejudice
because of counsel's alleged conduct. With no establishment of prejudice, we decline to
address the deficient performance component of the claim.
The State responds retained counsel represented Hollenbeck for only a short
period of time and withdrew when Hollenbeck did not pay him for his services and their
communication broke down. Hollenbeck's failure to pay resulted in the district court
reappointing Hollenbeck's previous appointed counsel. The record reflects retained
counsel was not Hollenbeck's counsel for the entire case, including the second
preliminary hearing on the State's amended charges, the entry of plea, sentencing, the
evidentiary hearing on Hollenbeck's motion to withdraw plea, or on direct appeal. We
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cannot tell from the record what discovery and transcripts Hollenbeck sought from his
retained counsel given his short involvement in the case and why those same records
could not have been requested from the other custodians.
Moreover, during Hollenbeck's motion to withdraw plea hearing, the district court
heard testimony from both counsel to determine whether Hollenbeck was represented by
competent counsel as part of his motion to withdraw plea. The district court explained:
"In pertinent part the Supreme Court says, in determining whether the defendant has
shown good cause to permit the withdrawal of a plea, the district court should consider
whether, one, the defendant was represented by competent counsel. And I see no issues
whatsoever here by either attorney. In fact, I see excellence. I see, you know, really going
above and beyond. I see attorneys making attempts and certainly [appointed counsel], the
final attorney that was representing during this plea, taking steps to file motions, make
sure all potential witnesses were interviewed, and numerous, numerous meetings at the
jail by both attorneys, meetings with a private investigator present or at least available by
phone. So I find no merit whatsoever to the first—that first factor.
....
"And one thing the record can't show is just the demeanor of [appointed counsel],
and for that matter of [retained counsel]. Both of them are very methodical, very
articulate, but do so in [a] very controlled manner without ever raising their voices.
They're just very effective but very demure in their presentation. They're not ones that are
getting emotional, passionate and pounding their fists and that sort of thing."
Though both counsels' competency was assessed in Hollenbeck's presentence
motion to withdraw plea, Hollenbeck's K.S.A. 60-1507 claim of ineffective assistance of
his retained counsel does not necessarily become res judicata. See State v. Aguilar, 290
Kan. 506, 512-13, 231 P.3d 563 (2010) ("Although the Edgar factors permit counsel's
competence or lack thereof to be one consideration when the [presentence] motion [to
withdraw plea] is filed in the time period between conviction and sentencing, they should
not be mechanically applied to demand that a defendant demonstrate ineffective
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assistance arising to the level of a violation of the Sixth Amendment."). Under the facts
of this case, we see no need to analyze whether res judicata applies. Hollenbeck's
conclusory claims fail to establish retained counsel provided deficient representation or
that Hollenbeck was prejudiced by not obtaining his case file from retained counsel given
counsel's limited involvement in the case. The district court did not err in summarily
denying Hollenbeck's K.S.A. 60-1507 motion with respect to retained counsel.
Appointed Counsel
Hollenbeck next alleges appointed counsel was ineffective for failing to
investigate the details of his case and in failing to contact potential witnesses. He
provides little, if any, explanation outside of his conclusory allegations; thus, the issue is
waived and abandoned on appeal. See Arnett, 307 Kan. at 650. Even if we found this
claim was not waived and abandoned, Hollenbeck's argument still fails.
During Hollenbeck's motion to withdraw plea hearing, appointed counsel testified
he extensively investigated the case with the help of a special investigator who spoke
with various witnesses from a list Hollenbeck provided. The district court found
appointed counsel's testimony more credible than Hollenbeck's and determined counsel
performed effectively in representing Hollenbeck. Again, while counsel's competency
was considered under the Edgar factors during Hollenbeck's presentence motion to
withdraw plea, the Edgar factors should not be mechanically applied to demand a
defendant show ineffective assistance arising to the level of a Sixth Amendment
violation. Aguilar, 290 Kan. at 512-513.
Still, Hollenbeck failed to establish appointed counsel's performance fell below an
objectively reasonable standard or that he was prejudiced as a result of counsel's
performance. At the motion to withdraw plea hearing, the district court explained:
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"I'm convinced if we put the same—when faced with the same circumstances, go
to trial, facing what the possible penalties are, take this plea agreement, I'm convinced
Mr. Hollenbeck would make the same choice. It's just once the pressure's off, once you're
not faced with I got to make this decision now, I mean, this is it, I've held onto this thing
for months and months, but 5:00 [is] coming and then it's trial on Monday, he'd make the
same exact decision."
Hollenbeck fails to establish appointed counsel provided deficient representation
and, even if counsel's performance was deficient, Hollenbeck has not shown there is
reasonable probability he would not have entered his plea had counsel done things
differently. Hollenbeck may now have buyer's remorse, but he forgets the benefit his
appointed counsel provided when he negotiated with the State to dismiss three other
charges upon Hollenbeck's plea to one count of aggravated indecent liberties with a child.
The district court did not err in summarily denying Hollenbeck's K.S.A. 60-1507
motion.
Affirmed.
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