Shelby Howard v. Samuel Howard

RENDERED: DECEMBER 22, 2022; 10:00 A.M.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED
Commonwealth of Kentucky
Court of Appeals
NO. 2021-CA-0865-MR
SHELBY HOWARD APPELLANT
APPEAL FROM ELLIOTT CIRCUIT COURT
v. HONORABLE JEFFREY L. PRESTON, SPECIAL JUDGE
ACTION NO. 18-CI-00098
SAMUEL HOWARD APPELLEE
AND
NO. 2021-CA-0965-MR
SAMUEL HOWARD CROSS-APPELLANT
CROSS-APPEAL FROM ELLIOTT CIRCUIT COURT
v. HONORABLE JEFFREY L. PRESTON, SPECIAL JUDGE
ACTION NO. 18-CI-00098
SHELBY HOWARD CROSS-APPELLEE
OPINION
REVERSING
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BEFORE: ACREE, MCNEILL, AND L. THOMPSON, JUDGES.
MCNEILL, JUDGE: Appellant, Shelby Howard (Shelby), and Appellee, Samuel
Howard (Samuel), had their marriage dissolved by a decree of dissolution entered
by the Elliot Circuit Court, Family Division, on August 8, 2019. The parties had
one minor child during their marriage. They were awarded joint custody. In
addition to addressing custody, child support, maintenance, and property division,
the family court specifically concluded that Samuel was entitled to claim the
federal child tax exemption (hereafter, the “exemption”). Once Shelby becomes
employed on a full-time basis, the court ordered the parties to alternate the
exemption from year to year.
On June 4, 2021, Shelby filed a motion requesting that she be awarded
the exemption for the child because she had become the primary residential parent
by an agreed order entered on February 26, 2021. The trial court held a hearing on
the matter and issued an order entered on June 25, 2021. Therein, the court held,
inter alia, that “[t]he Court refuses to change the income tax exemption because
[Samuel] is paying approximately $800.00 per month in child support.” The court
also awarded Shelby $1,400 in federal stimulus funds that were paid to Samuel, as
well as “any future stimulus checks.”
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In her brief on appeal, Shelby states, without citation, that she filed a
motion to alter, amend, or vacate the court’s order. See CR1 76.12(4)(c)(v).
However, there appears to be no such motion or attendant order addressing such a
motion in the record. She now appeals to this Court as a matter of right. Samuel
cross-appeals. Neither party filed reply briefs. For the following reasons we
hereby reverse the family court and remand.
ANALYSIS
Shelby’s sole argument on appeal is that the family court abused its
discretion by awarding the exemption to Samuel. In support, she cites the case of
Adams-Smyrichinsky v. Smyrichinsky, 467 S.W.3d 767 (Ky. 2015) (requiring
specific findings concerning the allocation of the child tax exemption, including a
nexus between the court’s findings and the best interest of the child). Shelby’s
request for relief is that we remand this case to the family court and order the court
to award Shelby the income tax exemption for the year 2021 and thereafter. She
does not explicitly request that we remand for additional findings. However, the
absence of findings is central to her complaint here. There is no indication that she
requested additional findings before the family court pursuant to CR 52.04.
CR 52.04 states that a final judgment “shall not be
reversed or remanded” because the trial court did not
make “a finding of fact on an issue essential to the
judgment” unless that omission has been brought to the
1
Kentucky Rules of Civil Procedure.
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judge’s attention by a written request for that
finding or by a motion filed within ten days after
entry of the judgment.
Anderson v. Johnson, 350 S.W.3d 453, 457 (Ky. 2011) (footnote omitted).
Still, there is some tension between the
language in CR 52.04, which requires a party to
object to the lack of a finding of fact, and the
language in the first subsection of the rule, CR
52.01, which mandates that a court make findings
of fact and conclusions of law. . . .
....
To the extent possible, this Court should
read the rules in harmony, rather than in conflict,
to avoid rendering any of the language surplusage.
This can be done by reading CR 52.01 as creating
a general duty for the trial court to find facts, and
52.04 as applying only after the court has complied
with its general duty. CR 52.01 requires that the
judge engage in at least a good faith effort at fact-
finding and that the found facts be included in a
written order. Failure to do so allows an appellate
court to remand the case for findings, even where
the complaining party failed to bring the lack of
specific findings to the trial court’s attention.
Id. at 458.
In consideration of Anderson, we therefore conclude that Adams-
Smyrichinsky requires the family court to articulate threshold findings that are not
present here. More precisely, the court’s order omits any consideration of the
child’s best interest, and whether there exists a nexus between such interest and the
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court’s findings. See Adams-Smyrichinsky, 467 S.W.3d at 783-85.2 Therefore, we
reverse the family court order and remand this case for consideration of and
findings pursuant to Adams-Smyrichinsky.
In his cross-appeal, Samuel argues that the family court erred by
awarding the federal stimulus funds to Shelby. Similar to the first issue addressed
herein, the family court did not enter specific findings on this issue. Because we
are remanding for findings concerning the exemption, we also remand for further
findings concerning entitlement to the stimulus payments. To be clear, we are not
addressing the merits of any issue on appeal, i.e., who should receive the
exemption or stimulus payments.
CONCLUSION
We hereby REVERSE the family court’s ORDER entered on June 25,
2021, with instructions that the court enter a new order on the issues of the
exemption and stimulus payments. Any additional hearings may be ordered at the
discretion of the family court.
ALL CONCUR.
2
We note that neither party has cited to the underlying hearing or any other portion of the record
that may have instructed the family court’s decision and, by extension, our decision on appeal.
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BRIEFS FOR APPELLANT/CROSS- BRIEFS FOR APPELLEE/CROSS-
APPELLEE SHELBY HOWARD: APPELLANT SAMUEL HOWARD:
MaLenda S. Haynes Earl Rogers III
Grayson, Kentucky Morehead, Kentucky
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