United States v. Brodhead

DAVIS, District Judge,

in his charge to the jury, said that the first position taken by the defendants could not, in his opinion, be maintained. This defalcation was known at the time the present bond was given; and the tendency of the evidence was to show, that the reason why the present bond was required. was the fact that such a defalcation existed. It eould not be supposed, that the government intended to abandon this claim thus silently; and he should rale, as matter of law, that the bond did cover the defalcation existing at the time it was given.

In regard to the second ground of defence taken by the defendant, his honor instructed the jury, that if this was a mercantile ease, the principal would undoubtedly be held responsible for the act of his clerk; but there was a distinction with regard to public officers. Such officers were exempted from the general rule of law, if they show that the embezzlement or misconduct was not attributable to their negligence. This was a question for the jury to settle. Did Mr. Brod-head. in this matter, conduct the business as a prudent man of business would in his own affairs? Did he exercise that degree of care and attention which the importance and responsibility of his office required? If he did, he ought not to be held responsible for the fraudulent acts of Anderson.

In regard to the third ground of defence, it was, in the first place, to be considered, whether those services were included in the ordinary duties of the navy agent. Oases might occur not within the ordinary course of the navy agent’s duties, and yet requiring his services for their accomplishment, without extra compensation. If, for instance, a ship of war of the United States, should arrive in the summer season, with the crew in a sickly condition, and it should be decided to place them in.tents on one of the islands in Boston harbor, it would, doubtless, be reasonably required of the navy agent to make the requisite purchases for such arrangement as within the line of his duty. But in respect to a permanent thing, as the erection of a hospital, there -would seem to be a difference; and it was proper that, as this was no part of the duty of a nary agent, he should receive extra compensation. In regard to supplies of a naval character which were to go to other stations, the agent could sustain no extra charge of commissions. It could make no difference to him whether they were to go to Charlestown or to other places. But for things of a permanent character, as the dry dock at Gosport, Mr. Brodhead might be reasonably considered as entitled to extra compensation, on the same ground as for his services in the erection of the hospital at Chelsea. As to the amount which ought to be allowed, the jury should be governed by the compensation paid the agent for his other duties. His legal allowance for his appropriate duties, was one per cent, on his disbursements, not to exceed, however, two thousand dollars per annum. It would appear, also, to be a reasonable inference from the act of March 8, 1809j § 3 [2 Stat. 636], that the compensation for such .extra services, performed under what may be considered a special agency, should not exceed one per cent, on the amount disbursed, the extent of compensation to certain permanent .agents in that act described. The limitation to two thousand dollars per annum, was not considered as applicable to allowances of this description. As to the charge of two and one half per cent, commissions for endorsing about $300,000 of treasury notes, the court thought it ought not to be allowed. The labor was not great, and the court did not consider that Mr. Brodhead incurred any responsibility.

The jury returned the following verdict: “The jury find that there is due to the United States from said Brodhead the sum of seven thousand two hundred and one dollars and nine cents. The jury further find that there is due to said Brodhead from the United States on his claim against them, filed in the case, the sum of seven thousand five hundred and forty-six dollars and seventy-six cents, viz.: Sixteen hundred and eighty dollars and forty-nine cents commissions at 2iA per cent, on disbursements for the navy hospital at Chelsea, and five thousand eight hundred and sixty-six dollars and twenty-seven cents for commissions, at one per cent, on disbursements for other stations. The jury therefore find, that there was not due from the said Brodhead to the plaintiffs the balance of the said sum of $7,201.09, nor any part thereof, in manner and form as the plaintiffs in their replication have alleged. But the jury find a balance due from the United States to said Brodhead of $345,-67.”