Andrews v. Dyer

Emery, J.

On report. The following are found by the court to be the facts:—

In 1875 James Andrews, intending to convey certain land to his wife, Melissa A. Andrews, went with her to a lawyer’s office, and in her presence instructed the lawyer to make a deed to her of the land. The lawyer, misunderstanding the Christian name of the wife, wrote the name “Mercy A. Andrews,” as the grantee in the deed. Mr. Andrews executed the deed before the lawyer, and delivered it to his wife Melissa, as her deed of the land. She had the deed duly recorded. The husband afterward leased the land to the tenants. The wife, Melissa, now brings this real action, and offers as evidence of her title, the above named deed, and parol evidence of the above facts to show that she is in fact the grantee. It does not appear that there was at the time any person by the name of Mercy A. Andrews.

The only question of law is, whether Melissa, the demandant, must go to the equity side of the court for a correction of the mistake in the name, or whether she can establish her title under the deed as it is, hy showing that she is the person to whom it was delivered, and for whom it was intended.

It is of course common learning, that parol evidence should not be received to contradict or vary the terms of a written instrument. It is equally well settled however, that parol evidence must often he received to identify the persons or things named in a writing. We think the question here is one of identification, and not one of meaning or terms.

The demandant, Melissa, produces the deed. If the name stated in the deed as the name of the grantee were identical with her name, that alone would be sufficient identification and coupled with her possession of the deed would be prima facie evidence of delivery to her as grantee. Andrews v. Dyer, 78 Maine, 427. But the name not appearing to be the same, further identification and further evidence of delivery to the party is required. That evidence she has presented.

She does not offer to prove that she is the person intended to be the grantee in a deed made out and delivered to another person by mistake. She offers to show, rather, that the name written in her own deed delivered to her, was intended for a noting or description of herself as grantee, that she is the person referred to by the name, Mercy A. Andrews. Such evidence is clearly admissible, and makes out her title. Jackson v. Stanley, 10 John. 133; Hall v. Leonard, 1 Pick. 27, 30; Scanlan v. Wright, 13 Pick. 523; Jacobs v. Benson, 39 Maine, 132.

In the cases Crawford v. Spencer, 8 Cush. 418, and Whitmore v. Learned, 70 Maine, 276, 283, relied upon by the defendants, the deed was made out, and delivered to one party. It was held that parol evidence could not be received to show that this was a mistake and that the grantor intended another party as grantee. The distinction is apparent. It is true there are some decisions apparently adverse to our views above expressed, but the weight of authority will be found to .favor them.

Judgment for demandant.

Peters, C. J., Walton, Daneorth, Virgin and Haskell, JJ., concurred.