Marquez Hickenbottom v. State of Mississippi

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2016-CP-00033-COA
MARQUEZ HICKENBOTTOM APPELLANT
v.
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI APPELLEE
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 12/08/2015
TRIAL JUDGE: HON. MARCUS D. GORDON
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED: SCOTT COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: MARQUEZ HICKENBOTTOM (PRO SE)
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE: OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
BY: ALICIA MARIE AINSWORTH
NATURE OF THE CASE: CIVIL - POSTCONVICTION RELIEF
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION: MOTION FOR POSTCONVICTION RELIEF
DISMISSED
DISPOSITION: AFFIRMED - 06/27/2017
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
BEFORE LEE, C.J., BARNES AND WESTBROOKS, JJ.
WESTBROOKS, J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1. Marquez Hickenbottom pleaded guilty to strong-arm robbery in the Circuit Court of
Scott County. He was sentenced to fifteen years in the custody of the Mississippi
Department of Corrections, followed by five years of probation. Hickenbottom was also
ordered to pay a fine of $1,500. Hickenbottom filed a motion for postconviction relief
(PCR). The circuit court “denied and dismissed” his motion by order. Hickenbottom timely
appeals. Finding no error, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
¶2. In April 2013, Hickenbottom was indicted on one count of armed robbery.1 The
circuit court ordered an independent mental evaluation and hearing to determine
Hickenbottom’s competency to stand trial or plead guilty, after Hickenbottom’s trial counsel
alerted the court of his client’s possible mental deficiencies. Dr. Mark Webb, a psychiatrist
with the State of Mississippi, performed a psychological evaluation on Hickenbottom. He
concluded that Hickenbottom was competent to stand trial or plead guilty.
¶3. In January 2014, at the competency hearing, the trial court adopted Dr. Webb’s
findings, and Hickenbottom entered his plea of guilty of strong-arm robbery. The circuit
court accepted Hickenbottom’s guilty plea and sentenced him to fifteen years in the custody
of the Mississippi Department of Corrections, with five years of probation. Hickenbottom
was also ordered to pay a fine of $1,500. Further, the court maintained jurisdiction over the
matter for a period of one year, reserving the right to vacate the sentence if Hickenbottom
failed to truthfully testify against Anderson if called to do so.
¶4. In December 2015, Hickenbottom filed a PCR motion. He alleged he was not
competent to plead guilty, and that he received ineffective assistance of counsel. The trial
court entered an order denying and dismissing Hickenbottom’s PCR motion. Hickenbottom
timely appeals.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
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On or about December 2012, Hickenbottom stated he was with Leandre Anderson
(“Duke”) when Duke robbed Mack Wiltcher, Emily Morgan Daugherty, and Christy Bell.
Cellphones and money were stolen from the victims. A .410 shotgun was also stolen. Duke
brandished a firearm during the robbery.
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¶5. “We review the dismissal or denial of a PCR motion for abuse of discretion.” Hughes
v. State, 106 So. 3d 836, 838-39 (¶4) (Miss. Ct. App. 2012). “We will only reverse if the trial
court’s decision is clearly erroneous.” Id. “When reviewing questions of law, our standard
is de novo.” Id. (citations omitted). “This [C]ourt will affirm the summary dismissal of a
PCR motion if the movant fails to demonstrate a claim procedurally alive substantially
showing the denial of a state or federal right.” Id. at 839 (¶4) (citation and quotation marks
omitted).
DISCUSSION
I. Guilty Plea
¶6. Hickenbottom asserts the trial court’s determination of the facts was unreasonable.
He claims his guilty plea was not voluntarily given, because he was not competent to
understand the nature of the charges against him or the consequences of his plea.
Hickenbottom further asserts that the trial court overlooked the seriousness of his mental
state at the time the crime was committed, and the State-appointed psychiatrist did not review
all of his medical records to make a determination of competency. Further, Hickenbottom
argues that Dr. Webb failed to support his finding of competency with reliable evidence. We
disagree.
¶7. In the trial court’s order denying Hickenbottom’s PCR motion, it is noted that the
court was made aware through defense counsel that Hickenbottom may have had some
mental deficiencies. As a result, the trial judge ordered that Hickenbottom undergo a mental
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evaluation.2 “Under [Uniform Rule of Circuit and County Court] 9.06, the circuit court must
order a mental evaluation and conduct a competency hearing if it has reasonable ground to
believe that the defendant is incompetent to stand trial.” Watson v. State, 100 So. 3d 1034,
1039 (¶14) (Miss. Ct. App. 2012) (citation and quotation marks omitted). “What constitutes
‘reasonable ground’ rests largely within the discretion of the trial judge.” Id. “On review,
the pertinent question is whether the trial judge received information which, objectively
considered, should reasonably have raised a doubt about the defendant’s competence and
alerted the judge to the possibility that the defendant could neither understand the
proceedings, appreciate their significance, nor rationally aid his attorney in his defense.” Id.(quotation marks omitted).
¶8. The following is an excerpt from Hickenbottom’s guilty plea:
COURT: And you’ve just entered a plea of guilty to the crime that requires
that you be sentenced to the penitentiary? Are you aware of that?
HICKENBOTTOM: Yes, sir.
COURT: And do you understand that this is a hearing here to accept your
plea?
HICKENBOTTOM: Yes, sir.
....
COURT: Are you under the influence of drugs or alcohol at this time?
2
The record does not reflect that Hickenbottom’s counsel filed a motion for a
psychiatric evaluation. However, trial counsel verbally informed the trial court of
Hickenbottom’s mental-health history, and the trial judge ordered a psychiatric evaluation.
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HICKENBOTTOM: No, sir.
COURT: Do you know what you’re doing?
HICKENBOTTOM: Yes, sir.
....
COURT: Do you understand that you are going to be sentenced to the
penitentiary?
HICKENBOTTOM: Yes, sir.
¶9. “When reviewing the voluntariness of [a] guilty plea, we will not set aside findings
of a trial court sitting without a jury unless such findings are clearly erroneous.” Funchess
v. State, 202 So. 3d 1286, 1289 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2016) (citations and quotation marks
omitted). “Additionally, the burden of proving that a guilty plea is involuntary is on the
defendant and must be proven by a preponderance of the evidence.” Id. (quotation marks
omitted). “To determine whether the plea is voluntarily and intelligently given, the trial court
must advise the defendant of his rights, the nature of the charge against him, as well as the
consequences of the plea.” Id. (citation omitted).
¶10. Dr. Webb, a psychiatrist for the State, examined Hickenbottom and determined he was
competent to stand trial or plead guilty and evaluated his criminal insanity at the time the
crime was committed. At the competency hearing, Dr. Webb testified he reviewed
Hickenbottom’s offense reports and the information Hickenbottom brought with him during
the examination. Dr. Webb further testified that Hickenbottom was very intelligent, and did
a great job of explaining to him everything that was going on regarding the charges he faced.
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He stated Hickenbottom was aware that he had been charged with armed robbery, and
concluded that Hickenbottom was competent to assist his attorney in his defense.
Additionally, Hickenbottom’s trial counsel had the opportunity to cross-examine Dr. Webb
during the hearing. The trial court adopted Dr. Webb’s findings.
¶11. Hickenbottom represented to the court that he understood the nature of the charge
against him and the consequences of the plea. Hickenbottom asserts that his mental issues
dealing with depression made him incompetent to plead guilty. “The constitutional right not
to be tried or convicted while incompetent is a component of a defendant’s due-process right
to a fair trial.” Brasso v. State, 195 So. 3d 856, 859 (¶9) (Miss. Ct. App. 2016). Despite
being advised on Hickenbottom’s past mental-illness history including depression, suicide
attempts, and hospitalizations, the trial judge found no evidence at the hearing to support
Hickenbottom’s assertion that he is incompetent to stand trial. The trial court was also
advised on Hickenbottom’s alcohol and drug use. Moreover, the trial court noted that
Hickenbottom did not submit any affidavits from doctors regarding his mental-health
treatment for review. However, the trial court found that Hickenbottom presented no
evidence that his guilty plea was involuntarily given. Accordingly, we find this issue to be
without merit.
II. Assistance of Counsel
¶12. Hickenbottom asserts that his trial counsel failed to present an insanity defense before
the court, and that his trial counsel failed to present any evidence or facts about his extensive
mental-health history. As a result of this failure, Hickenbottom argues his counsel offered
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ineffective assistance. We disagree.
¶13. “It is well settled that in order for a defendant to prevail on an ineffective assistance
of counsel claim, he must show by a preponderance of the evidence (1) that counsel’s
performance was deficient, and (2) that but for the deficiencies, the trial court outcome would
have been different.” Funchess, 202 So. 3d at 1290 (¶9) (citation and quotation marks
omitted). “Additionally, under Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984), a
defendant must show that counsel’s errors were so serious as to deprive the defendant of a
fair trial.” Funchess, 202 So. 3d at 1290 (¶9) (quotation marks omitted). “Finally, a
presumption exists that the attorney’s conduct was adequate.” Id. (citation and quotation
marks omitted).
¶14. The record reflects that Hickenbottom received effective assistance of counsel,
because his trial counsel made the court aware of his past history of mental issues. Trial
counsel cross-examined Dr. Webb during the competency hearing. The following is an
excerpt from Hickenbottom’s guilty plea:
COURT: Are you satisfied with your lawyer?
HICKENBOTTOM: Yes, sir.
COURT: Do you have any complaints about him?
HICKENBOTTOM: No, sir.
Hickenbottom did not object when the court asked whether he was satisfied with his attorney.
¶15. The trial court found that Hickenbottom also failed to argue the second prong needed
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for an ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claim. As a result, the court found Hickenbottom
failed to establish a prima facie case of ineffective assistance of counsel. We agree.
Accordingly, we find the trial court did not abuse its discretion by dismissing
Hickenbottom’s PCR motion, and we affirm.
¶16. THE JUDGMENT OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SCOTT COUNTY
DISMISSING THE MOTION FOR POSTCONVICTION RELIEF IS AFFIRMED.
ALL COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE ASSESSED TO SCOTT COUNTY.
LEE, C.J., IRVING AND GRIFFIS, P.JJ., BARNES, ISHEE, CARLTON, FAIR,
WILSON AND GREENLEE, JJ., CONCUR.
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