DocketNumber: No. KCD 29418
Citation Numbers: 574 S.W.2d 481
Judges: Dixon, Somerville, Turnage
Filed Date: 11/27/1978
Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 10/19/2024
This case involves an appeal in a dissolution of marriage proceeding wherein the husband (a lawyer) challenges the decree entered by the trial court with respect to the division of marital property and the amount awarded to the wife for maintenance and attorney fees, and collaterally urges some undenominated form of relief at the appellate level because of the trial court’s failure to “censure” the wife’s attorney for submitting an “ex parte argument” and charging “excessive attorney fees”.
The wife responds to the attack on the decree on the merits, counters the charge of unethical conduct leveled at her attorney, and presses this court to award her $2,500.00 as damages pursuant to Rule 84.19 because of the husband’s “prosecution” of a “frivolous appeal”. Prior to submitting her brief, the wife moved to dismiss the appeal on the ground that the husband’s brief failed to comply with Rule 84.04.
It is not impolitic to note that a plethora of diversified issues have been presented for disposition which do not go to the merits of this case. Those fitting this description will be addressed first since they virtually lend themselves to being summarily disposed of.
The wife’s motion to dismiss the appeal for failure of the husband’s brief to comply with Rule 84.04 is overruled. Although the wife’s attack upon the husband’s
After the presentation of evidence was completed the trial court took the case under advisement before rendering judgment. During this interim the wife’s attorney delivered a letter to the court summarizing the issues and recapitulating the wife’s trial suggestions as to the division of marital property. The husband admitted that a copy of said letter was personally delivered to his office on the same day. The husband dedicates an entire point on appeal to the proposition that the trial court erred (1) in not censuring the wife’s attorney for submitting the letter above mentioned and (2) in not censuring the wife’s attorney for charging an excessive attorney’s fee. This court hesitates to dignify this point, even to the extent of momentarily addressing it, as it relates solely to matters which, if possessing any merit,
The wife seeks damages from the' husband under Rule 84.19 for engaging in a “frivolous appeal”. The Supreme Court of Missouri has defined a “frivolous appeal” as “one which presents no justiciable question and is so readily recognizable as devoid of merit on the face of the record that there is little prospect for success.” Means v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 550 S.W.2d 780, 789 (Mo. banc 1977). The Supreme Court further noted in Means, 550 S.W.2d at 789 that “[t]he remedy provided in Rule 84.19 is both drastic and unusual and should accordingly be reserved for those rare and unusual situations where its application is warranted.” The husband has raised two points on appeal which go to the merits of the decree entered by the trial court. In view of the ultimate disposition of this case on appeal, infra, it cannot be said that the husband’s appeal was “devoid of merit on the face of the record”. Accordingly, the wife’s prayer for damages pursuant to Rule 84.19 on the grounds of a frivolous appeal is denied.
A summarization of the grounds upon which the husband attacks the decree entered by the trial court will precede a synopsis of the facts. First, the husband claims the trial court abused its discretion by favoring the wife with an unconscionable disproportionate share of the marital property. Second, the husband claims the trial court abused its discretion by the size of the amounts awarded to the wife for maintenance and attorney fees.
A recapitulation of the evidence in this case reveals the following: The parties were married on July 27,1952, and separated in April, 1974. Two children were adopted by the husband and wife during the course of the marriage, namely, B_, a son, born November 22, 1965, and L_, a daughter, born March 29,1969. The husband graduated from law school in 1957 with honors (Order of the Coif) and then entered the practice of law in Kansas City, Missouri, first with a firm, and for the last seven years in his own office. The wife
The wife estimated that the husband drank a quart of hard liquor “every couple of days” and he conceded that he drank “as much as two quarts of hard liquor a week”. The husband became romantically involved with another woman in 1971. He lived with her on sporadic occasions between 1971 and 1974. The husband openly admitted that since April of 1974, the date he and his wife separated, he and the other woman have lived together at the same address in Kansas City, Missouri. The “other woman” also serves as his legal secretary. It is not surprising that both parties stipulated that the marriage was irretrievably broken.
The husband’s “net income”
In its final decree the trial court awarded custody of the two minor children to the wife, awarded her $1,500.00 for attorney fees, ordered the husband to pay her $300.00 per month for child support and $150.00 per month for maintenance, and divided the marital property as follows:
Based on the above values the wife’s share of the marital property totaled $34,-700.00 and the husband’s share of the marital property totaled $23,500.00. On the basis of these figures the wife was awarded approximately 60% of the marital property and the husband approximately 40%. However, the husband contends these figures do
The total value of marital property awarded to the husband, $23,500.00, less $8,631.01 in indebtedness which the husband was ordered to pay, leaves a balance of $14,868.99, which in a broad sense may be referred to as the net value of the marital property awarded to the husband. In addition to receiving the family home subject to a deed of trust securing payment of a promissory note with a remaining balance of $10,700.00, the final decree ordered the wife to pay and discharge certain additional indebtedness totaling $4,325.00. The total value of marital property awarded to the wife, $34,700.00, less $4,325.00 in indebtedness which the wife was ordered to pay, leaves a balance of $30,375.00 which likewise may be referred to as the net value of the marital property awarded to the wife. On the basis of these recomputed figures the wife was awarded approximately 67% of the marital property and the husband was awarded approximately 33%.
A 67%-33% division of marital property will be used in considering whether the division of marital property was so unconscionably disproportionate as to constitute an abuse of judicial discretion. The linchpin for review of this matter is Section 452.330.1, RSMo Supp.1975, which provides that the trial court “shall divide the marital property in such proportions as the court deems just after considering all relevant factors including: (1) The contribution of each spouse to the acquisition of the marital property, including the contribution of a spouse as homemaker; (2) The value of the property set apart to each spouse; (3) The economic circumstances of each spouse at the time the division of property is to become effective, including the desirability of awarding the family home or the right to live therein for reasonable periods to the spouse having custody of any children; and (4) The conduct of the parties during the marriage.”
The genesis of Section 452.330, supra, is § 307 of the Uniform Marriage and Divorce Act as approved in 1970 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws. 9 Uniform Law Ann. 455, 490 (1973). However, one substantial difference exists between Section 452.330, supra, and § 307 of the Uniform Act. The Uniform Act specifically directs that marital property shall be divided “without regard to marital misconduct”, whereas Section 452.330.1(4), supra specifically prescribes the “conduct of the parties during the marriage” as one of four “relevant” factors for consideration when dividing marital property. Thus, consideration of the “conduct of the parties during the marriage” in arriving at a “just” division of marital property is unique to Missouri’s Dissolution of Marriage Act and its inclusion necessarily bespeaks of a legislative com
The wife’s contribution to the acquisition of the marital property in this case was more than that of a homemaker. She was the principal “breadwinner” while the husband obtained his legal education and she made substantial contributions to the savings account which enabled the parties to buy the family home, same constituting the single most valuable item of marital property. Any disparity in value between the respective shares of marital property loses some of its initial shock when the realization sets in that the marital property awarded the wife, namely, the family home, a 1971 automobile, and certain furniture and appliances, are necessary ingredients for even the most Spartan lifestyle in contemporary society. The “desirability” of awarding the family home to the wife as the spouse having custody of the two minor children of the marriage speaks for itself.
Morality aside, emotionally and financially the marriage could not afford the husband’s drinking habits and extramarital affair. Notwithstanding the husband’s cavalier attitude toward his extramarital affair, the trial court was not content to view it as little more than a socially frowned upon peccadillo. The trial court obviously concluded that the husband’s longstanding penchant for hard liquor and infidelity had placed an unfair share of the marital load on the wife and, when equated with the prevailing concept of marriage as a partnership, entitled the wife to a greater share of the partnership assets, i. e., the marital property. When the guidelines set forth in Section 452.330, supra, are checked off against the facts of this case, one by one as well as collectively, they dramatically speak of a “just” division of marital property as opposed to an “unjust” or disproportionate division and completely refute the husband’s contention that the division of marital property was a classic abuse of judicial discretion.
The gist of the argument advanced by the husband in opposition to the sum of $150.00. per month awarded to the wife for maintenance and the sum of $1,500.00 awarded to the wife for attorney fees appears to be that each exceeded his ability to pay after taking into consideration his own needs and requirements. Ability to pay is statutorily recognized as a relevant factor to be taken into consideration when determining the amount to be awarded for maintenance. Section 452.335.2(6), RSMo Supp. 1975; Brueggemann v. Brueggemann, 551 S.W.2d 853, 859 (Mo.App. banc 1977); and Brown v. Brown, 537 S.W.2d 434, 437 (Mo. App.1976). To the husband’s credit, he did not question the $300.00 per month awarded
This case vividly demonstrates the frequently recurring tragedy of a husband and wife who emotionally can’t afford to be married and who financially can’t afford to have their marriage dissolved. The ravage of inflation — not enough money to go around — makes it extremely difficult to resolve the husband’s second point. Even Solomon in all his wisdom would be solely tested in doing so. Whatever is done, it is clear that somehow both parties are going to have to pare their living expenses. As a matter of mathematics, certain hard realities exist which will not go away by simply ignoring them. After balancing the seemingly inexorable mathematical realities of this case with the evidence, the statutorily prescribed factors for determining a just amount to award the wife for maintenance, Section 452.335.2, RSMo Supp.1975, and the criteria for awarding attorney fees, this court concludes that the amount awarded to the wife for maintenance should be reduced from $150.00 per month to $75.00 per month but the amount awarded to her for payment of attorney fees, $1,500.00,
In conclusion, that portion of the original decree entered by the trial court in this cause on February 7,1977, relating to maintenance is set aside with directions that the
Cause remanded to the trial court with directions to enter a new decree consistent with this opinion.
All concur.
. For obvious reasons, this court expressly refrains from delving into or deciding the charges leveled against the wife’s attorney. This court, in passing, merely observes (1) that Rule 4-DR 7-110(B) suggests that manual delivery of a copy of the letter to the husband’s office the same day it was delivered to the court exonerated the wife’s attorney of any unethical conduct with respect to said letter; and (2) the attorney fee complained of was one agreed upon between the wife and her attorney, was paid by the wife, and exceeded the amount of attorney fees awarded to the wife by the trial court.
. The term “net income” is apparently used by the parties in the context of the net amount remaining after the deduction of all taxes and business and professional expenses.
. The wife borrowed money and paid her attorney $4,000.00. Consequently the amount awarded her by the trial court fell considerably short of reimbursing her for the amount of attorney fees she actually incurred.