Citation Numbers: 114 S.E. 830, 184 N.C. 762
Judges: STACY, J.
Filed Date: 12/20/1922
Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 1/13/2023
CLARK, C. J., concurring. Criminal prosecution, tried upon an indictment charging the defendant with having spirituous liquors in his possession for the purpose of *Page 763 sale, of receiving more than one quart at any one time, and of receiving more than one quart within fifteen consecutive days, in violation of the State statutes.
From an adverse verdict, and judgment pronounced thereon, the defendant appealed. Prior to the defendant's trial in the Superior Court, he was convicted in the Federal Court, under the Volstead Act, upon identically the same state of facts, as here disclosed, and sentenced to pay a fine of $400. Seasonably and in proper manner he set up, as a plea in bar, his former conviction in the Federal Court. His position in this respect is untenable. He has committed two offenses, one against the Government of the United States and the other against the State of North Carolina.
Congress is given power to enforce the XVIII Amendment by appropriate legislation. Rhode Island v. Palmer,
"The Congress and the several states shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation" is the language of the second paragraph of the XVIII Amendment. The words "concurrent power" are not used here in the sense of denoting or designating the source of the states' power to legislate on the subject of prohibition, but as indicating that the power of Congress shall not be exclusive. Commonwealth v.Nickerson,
In Railroad v. Fuller, 17 Wall., 560;
"In the complex system of polity, which exists in this country, the powers of government may be divided into four classes:
"(1) Those which belong exclusively to the states.
"(2) Those which belong exclusively to the National Government.
"(3) Those which may be exercised concurrently and independently by both.
"(4) And those which may be exercised by the states, but only until Congress shall see fit to act upon the subject. The authority of the states then retires, and lies in abeyance until the occasion for its exercise shall recur." See, also, Ex parte McNeill, 13 Wall., 240.
The power to deal with the subject-matter now in hand would seem to fall in the third class, as stated above. Hence, a conviction under the act of Congress would not preclude a prosecution under the state laws.
No error.