Hogue v. Hogue

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF NORTH CAROLINA
No. COA16-710
Filed: 30 December 2016
Lincoln County, No. 09 CVD 827
DIANE MAUREEN HOGUE, Plaintiff,
v.
TERRY LEE HOGUE, Defendant.
Appeal by plaintiff from order entered 18 April 2016 by Judge Jeannette R.
Reeves in Lincoln County District Court. Heard in the Court of Appeals 30 November
2016.
The Jonas Law Firm, P.L.L.C., by Johnathan L. Rhyne, Jr. and Rebecca J.
Yoder, for plaintiff-appellant.
Wesley E. Starnes for defendant-appellee.
ELMORE, Judge.
After the parties’ separation, the trial court entered an order of equitable
distribution. The parties reconciled shortly thereafter and continued their marital
relationship for three years before separating again. Upon their second separation,
plaintiff filed a motion for contempt against defendant for failing to comply with the
terms of the equitable distribution order. Defendant moved to dismiss plaintiff’s
motion. The trial court granted defendant’s motion to dismiss, concluding that the
equitable distribution order was void upon the parties’ reconciliation. We hold that,
HOGUE V. HOGUE
Opinion of the Court
in ruling on defendant’s motion to dismiss plaintiff’s motion for contempt, the trial
court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to void the equitable distribution order
previously entered in the same action. We vacate the trial court’s order declaring the
prior equitable distribution order void.
I. Background
Diane Hogue (plaintiff) and Terry Hogue (defendant) were married on 24
November 1986 and separated on 11 October 2008. Plaintiff filed a complaint on 19
May 2009 for an equitable distribution of the parties’ marital and divisible property.
She later amended her complaint to include claims for child custody, child support,
and alimony.
On 14 March 2011, the trial court entered an order of equitable distribution.
The court concluded that an unequal division in favor of plaintiff was equitable and
ordered defendant to pay a distributive award in the amount of $665,471.10.
Defendant filed a Rule 59 motion for a new trial ten days later, along with a Rule 60
motion for relief based upon “mistake and surprise committed during the hearing and
in the rendering of the judgment,” and “misrepresentation and misconduct of the
plaintiff.” Sometime in March or April after the equitable distribution order was
entered, the parties reconciled and began living together again as husband and wife.
They closed on a new home that summer and liquidated most of the extraneous
personal property subject to distribution. Defendant’s Rule 59 and 60 motions were
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Opinion of the Court
never heard and neither party complied with the terms of the equitable distribution
order.
The parties continued their marital relationship for about three years. In
December 2014, plaintiff moved out of the marital home and sent defendant a letter
demanding that he comply with the terms of the equitable distribution order. When
defendant refused, plaintiff filed a motion for contempt and order to show cause.
Defendant in turn moved to dismiss plaintiff’s motion, arguing that the resumption
of the parties’ marital relations voided the executory portions of the equitable
distribution order, and the order was not revived upon their subsequent
reconciliation. Because the executory portions of the order were void and
unenforceable, defendant averred, plaintiff’s motion for contempt should be
dismissed.
On 18 April 2016, the trial court entered an order granting defendant’s motion
to dismiss. The court concluded that, pursuant to Schultz v. Schultz, 107 N.C. App.
366, 374, 420 S.E.2d 186, 191 (1992), the equitable distribution order was “void and
unenforceable” because the parties reconciled while every provision of the order
remained executory. The court also concluded that “equity dictates voiding the
order.” Defendant’s pending Rule 59 and 60 motions were dismissed as moot and the
case continued until the next court term for the purpose of “status review.”
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Opinion of the Court
Plaintiff timely appeals from the order granting defendant’s motion to dismiss
and adjudging the equitable distribution order void and unenforceable.
II. Discussion
The trial court’s order declaring the prior equitable distribution order void and
unenforceable in effect determined the equitable distribution action. While other
pending matters may have been discussed at the status review, the equitable
distribution action had been terminated. Because the order would otherwise be final
within the meaning of Rule 54(b) but for the other pending claims or motions in the
action, this court has jurisdiction over the appeal pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 50-
19.1 (2015).
The parties disagree as to the effect of their reconciliation on the trial court’s
order of equitable distribution, or more specifically, whether the trial court erred in
concluding that resumption of the marital relationship voids the executory portions
of an equitable distribution order. A separate but related issue—and the only one we
decide today—is whether the trial court, in ruling on defendant’s motion to dismiss
plaintiff’s contempt motion, had authority to adjudge the equitable distribution order
void.
A district court judge may not ordinarily modify, overrule, or change the
judgment of another district court judge previously made in the same action. In re
Royster, 361 N.C. 560, 563, 648 S.E.2d 837, 840 (2007); Calloway v. Ford Motor Co.,
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Opinion of the Court
281 N.C. 496, 501, 189 S.E.2d 484, 488 (1972); Town of Sylva v. Gibson, 51 N.C. App.
545, 548, 277 S.E.2d 115, 117 (1981). Pursuant to Rule 60(b), however, a trial judge
may relieve a party from a final order or judgment for reasons including mistake,
newly discovered evidence, fraud, the judgment is void, or it is no longer equitable
that the judgment have prospective application. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1A-1, Rule 60(b)
(2015). An order entered “pursuant to Rule 60(b) ‘does not overrule a prior judgment
or order but, consistent with statutory authority, relieves parties from the effect of
the judgment or order.’ ” Duplin Cnty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs. ex rel. Pulley v. Frazier,
230 N.C. App. 480, 482, 751 S.E.2d 621, 623 (2013) (quoting Charns v. Brown, 129
N.C. App. 635, 639, 502 S.E.2d 7, 10 (1998)); see also Hoglen v. James, 38 N.C. App.
728, 731, 248 S.E.2d 901, 904 (1978) (“A [trial court] judge has the authority to grant
relief under a Rule 60(b) motion without offending the rule that precludes one [trial
court] judge from reviewing the decision of another.” (citing Charleston Capital Corp.
v. Love Valley Enters., Inc., 10 N.C. App. 519, 179 S.E.2d 190 (1971))).
The trial court adjudged the equitable distribution order void and
unenforceable upon defendant’s motion to dismiss plaintiff’s motion for contempt
rather than a Rule 60(b) motion. A motion to dismiss a contempt motion is not the
proper mechanism to seek relief from a final order or judgment. And while a trial
court may, under appropriate circumstances, act sua sponte to grant relief under Rule
60(b), Pope v. Pope, ____ N.C. App. ____, ____, 786 S.E.2d 373, 378 (May 17, 2016)
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(No. COA15-1062) (citing Carter v. Clowers, 102 N.C. App. 247, 253, 401 S.E.2d 662,
665 (1991)), the record does not suggest that the trial court was acting under Rule
60(b) when it entered its order in this case. The order must be vacated. See Hieb v.
Lowery, 121 N.C. App. 33, 38–39, 464 S.E.2d 308, 311–12 (1995) (holding that
superior court judge lacked authority to modify judgment of another previously
entered where “plaintiff made no Rule 60(b) motion” and judge did not “purport to act
pursuant to Rule 60(b)”), aff’d, 344 N.C. 403, 407–08, 474 S.E.2d 323, 325–26 (1996);
see also Crook v. KRC Mgmt. Corp., 206 N.C. App. 179, 184, 697 S.E.2d 449, 453
(2010) (“If one trial judge enters an order that unlawfully overrules an order entered
by another trial judge, such an order must be vacated . . . .” (citation omitted)).
III. Conclusion
Because the trial court lacked authority to declare the equitable distribution
order void upon defendant’s motion to dismiss plaintiff’s motion for contempt, we
vacate the order. We want to make clear, however, that our decision does not preclude
defendant from seeking relief from the equitable distribution order pursuant to Rule
60(b), or the trial court from acting sua sponte to grant such relief pursuant to Rule
60(b).
VACATED.
Judges HUNTER, JR. and ENOCHS concur.
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