Allen Indus., Inc. v. Kluttz

An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute
controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance
with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure.
NO. COA13-1032
NORTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS
Filed: 18 March 2014
ALLEN INDUSTRIES, INC.,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v. Guilford County
No. 13 CVS 5637
JODY P. KLUTTZ,
Defendant-Appellant.
Appeal by Defendant from order entered 28 June 2013 by
Judge Ronald E. Spivey in Superior Court, Guilford County.
Heard in the Court of Appeals 4 February 2014.
Tuggle Duggins P.A., by Denis E. Jacobson and Martha R.
Sacrinty, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
Ferguson, Scarbrough, Hayes, Hawkins & DeMay, P.A., by
James R. DeMay and James E. Scarbrough, for Defendant-
Appellant.
McGEE, Judge.
Allen Industries, Inc. (“Plaintiff”) filed a complaint on 9
May 2013 against Jody P. Kluttz (“Defendant”), alleging breach
of employment contract and seeking injunctive relief and
damages. The employment contract that Plaintiff and Defendant
entered into on 21 September 2009 contained the following
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covenant:
During the term of his employment hereunder
and for a period of one (1) year thereafter,
the Employee will not within the State of
North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,
Georgia, Tennessee, or Florida directly or
indirectly, own, manage, operate, control,
be employed by, participate in or be
connected in any manner with the ownership,
management, operation or control of any
business in the same industry as that of the
Employer at the time of the termination of
Employment of the Employee hereunder.
Plaintiff filed a motion on 9 May 2013 seeking a
preliminary injunction enjoining Defendant from, inter alia,
“being employed by . . . any business in the same industry as
that of [Plaintiff] in the states of North Carolina, South
Carolina, Virginia, Georgia, Tennessee, or Florida” until 15
March 2014. The trial court granted Plaintiff’s motion in an
order entered 28 June 2013, enjoining Defendant from the above
conduct “through March 14, 2014[.]” Defendant appeals from the
trial court’s 28 June 2013 order granting Plaintiff’s motion for
preliminary injunction.
Defendant filed a motion to stay and/or modify enforcement
of the preliminary injunction order pending appeal on 3 July
2013. The trial court denied Defendant’s motion in an order
entered 15 July 2013, and Defendant did not appeal from this
order. Furthermore, no motion for a temporary stay or petition
for writ of supersedeas was filed with this Court. As a result,
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the preliminary injunction has expired by its own terms.
“A preliminary injunction is interlocutory in nature and no
appeal lies from such order unless it deprives the appellant of
a substantial right which he would lose absent immediate
review.” Wade S. Dunbar Ins. Agency, Inc. v. Barber, 147 N.C.
App. 463, 466, 556 S.E.2d 331, 334 (2001) (citing A.E.P.
Industries v. McClure, 308 N.C. 393, 400, 302 S.E.2d 754, 759
(1983)); see also N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 1-277(a) and 7A-27(b)(3)(a)
(2013).
When “the questions originally in controversy between the
parties are no longer at issue, the appeal will be dismissed for
the reason that this Court will not entertain or proceed with a
cause merely to determine abstract propositions of law or to
determine which party should rightly have won” in the trial
court. Corpening Ins. Ctr., Inc. v. Haaff, 154 N.C. App. 190,
192-93, 573 S.E.2d 164, 165 (2002). “Our Supreme Court has
stated that ‘where time is of the essence, the appellate process
is not the procedural mechanism best suited for resolving the
dispute. The parties would be better advised to seek a final
determination on the merits at the earliest possible time.’”
Wade S. Dunbar Ins. Agency, Inc., 147 N.C. App. at 467, 556
S.E.2d at 334 (quoting A.E.P. Industries, 308 N.C. at 401, 302
S.E.2d at 759).
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Where “the restrictions imposed by a preliminary injunction
expire within the pendency of an appeal, issues concerning the
propriety of the injunctive relief granted are rendered moot by
the passage of time.” Artis & Assocs. v. Auditore, 154 N.C.
App. 508, 510, 572 S.E.2d 198, 199 (2002). In “the case of a
covenant not to compete, a plaintiff can only seek to enforce
the covenant for the period of time within which the covenant
proscribes.” Rug Doctor, L.P. v. Prate, 143 N.C. App. 343, 345,
545 S.E.2d 766, 767 (2001).
“It is not this Court’s——or any court’s——function to
entertain or proceed with a cause merely to determine abstract
propositions of law or to determine which party should rightly
have won in the lower court.” Corpening, 154 N.C. App. at 193-
94, 573 S.E.2d at 166 (internal quotation marks omitted). In
Corpening, the non-compete covenant expired on 19 October 2002.
Id. at 193, 573 S.E.2d at 166. This Court heard the appeal on
12 September 2002, and the opinion was filed on 19 November
2002. This Court dismissed the appeal because the issues
regarding injunctive relief had been rendered moot by the
passage of time. Id. at 193-94, 573 S.E.2d at 166.
Likewise, in the present case, the one-year time limitation
contained in the non-compete covenant expired on 15 March 2014.
That date has passed. We decline to address the merits of the
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appeal because the issues on appeal regarding injunctive relief
have been rendered moot by the passage of time. See Corpening,
154 N.C. App. at 193, 573 S.E.2d at 166.
Dismissed.
Judges STEELMAN and ERVIN concur.
Report per Rule 30(e).