INSURANCE RESTORATION SPECIALISTS, INC. v. ALEJANDRO PEREZ (L-10143-15, BERGEN COUNTY AND STATEWIDE)

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-1593-20
INSURANCE RESTORATION
SPECIALISTS, INC.,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
ALEJANDRO AND CATHY
PEREZ, a/k/a CATHERINE
PEREZ,
Defendants-Appellants.
____________________________
ALEJANDRO AND CATHY
PEREZ, a/k/a CATHERINE
PEREZ,
Third-Party Plaintiffs-
Appellants,
v.
TIM JAREMA, GEORGE
HALDEMAN, CHARLIE
DEVICH, GERALD GARCIA,
BOB CURRIE, GERALD
FRAZEE, JR., TRAVELERS
INSURANCE COMPANY,
d/b/a FIDELITY INSURANCE
COMPANY, and FIDELITY
INSURANCE COMPANY,
Third-Party Defendants-
Respondents.
____________________________
Submitted March 8, 2022 – Decided July 14, 2022
Before Judges Fisher and DeAlmeida.
On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
Division, Bergen County, Docket No. L-10143-15.
Alejandro Perez and Cathy Perez, appellants pro se.
Slavin & Morse, LLC, attorneys for respondents
Insurance Restoration Specialists, Inc., Tim Jarema,
George Haldeman, Charlie Devich, Gerald Garcia, and
Bob Currie (Glenn C. Slavin, on the brief).
PER CURIAM
Defendants/third-party plaintiffs Alejandro Perez and Cathy Perez appeal
from the January 28, 2021 order of the Law Division denying their motion for
reconsideration of a prior order releasing to plaintiff Insurance Restoration
Specialists, Inc. (Restoration) funds in the court's trust account. We reverse the
January 28, 2021 order, vacate the order releasing funds to Restoration, and
remand for entry of an order releasing the funds to Travelers Insurance Company
(Travelers), the entity that paid them into court.
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I.
In 2014, a pipe burst in the Perezes's home, causing water damage. Their
home was insured by Travelers. With the approval of Travelers, the Perezes
executed a contract with Restoration to remediate some of the damage.
Travelers and Restoration agreed on an estimate of $8,562.21 for the repairs.
Restoration alleges it completed the work required by the contract.
Travelers thereafter issued a two-party check for $8,562.21 payable to
Restoration and the Perezes. The Perezes, dissatisfied with Restoration's work,
refused to tender the check to Restoration.
Restoration thereafter filed a complaint in the Law Division against the
Perezes. There is no copy of the complaint in the record. We cannot, therefore,
determine with certainty the parameters of Restoration's claims. An answer filed
by the Perezes suggests Restoration alleged a breach of contract. The Perezes
denied that a contract existed between them and Restoration, and alleged that
Restoration's claims were barred by the New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act (CFA),
N.J.S.A. 56:8-1 to -210, and the Contractors' Registration Act (CRA), N.J.S.A.
56:8-136 to -152. The Perezes also alleged, among other things, that Restoration
did not complete the work required by the contract, failed to obtain necessary
work permits, abandoned the project, further damaged the home, allowed mold
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to grow at and around the site of the leak, and damaged the Perezes's personal
property.
The Perezes filed counterclaims against Restoration and a third-party
complaint against Travelers, several principals and employees of Restoration,
and others. They alleged violations of the CFA and the CRA, common law
fraud, negligent misrepresentation, breach of contract, negligent construction,
breach of warranty, and indemnification and contribution.
On August 19, 2016, the trial court entered an order granting Travelers
leave to deposit $8,562.21 into the court's trust fund, which the court described
as the amount in dispute between Restoration and the Perezes. 1 The parties
exchanged discovery.
On August 3, 2017, after a failed attempt at arbitration, the trial court
entered a consent order stating that the parties had agreed to private mediation
of their claims with a retired judge. The court instructed the parties to complete
mediation within sixty days and to inform the court within ninety days "that the
matter is either settled or should be scheduled for trial." The August 3, 2017
1
The record reflects that Travelers was doing business as Fidelity Insurance
Company (Fidelity). The August 19, 2016 order refers to Fidelity rather than
Travelers. Our references to Travelers in this opinion are intended to include
both Travelers and Fidelity.
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order contains a handwritten notation to "see companion order of 7/26/17." A
July 26, 2017 order removes the parties' claims from arbitration.
On July 22, 2020, almost three years after their claims were referred to
private mediation, the Perezes moved to reinstate the parties' claims. In a
certification in support of the motion, the Perezes alleged that following entry
of the August 3, 2017 order, the parties reached an impasse in mediation.
According to the Perezes, the parties engaged in a second round of mediation in
May 2020, which also ended in an impasse. The Perezes alleged that the other
parties would not consent to reinstatement of the pleadings.
On September 14, 2020, the court issued an order denying the Perezes's
motion. The order contained a handwritten notation: "Case dismissed on August
3, 2017 pursuant to Rule 1:13-7 and no exceptional circumstances shown to
warrant reinstatement." Rule 1:13-17 concerns the dismissal of claims for lack
of prosecution. There is, however, no indication in the August 3, 2017 order
that the court dismissed the parties' claims for lack of prosecution.
On November 24, 2020, the Perezes moved for an order releasing the
amount deposited in court to them. They argued that because Restoration
allowed its complaint to be dismissed and declined to join the Perezes's motion
to reinstate its claims, it had, in effect, forfeited any legal claim to the funds at
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issue. In addition, the Perezes argued they are the insured parties under the
Travelers policy and, therefore, entitled to the payment made by Travelers on
their loss and no other party has standing to assert an interest in those funds.
Restoration opposed the motion and cross-moved for an order releasing
the amount deposited in court to it. Restoration argued that it was entitled to the
funds because it completed the work required by the parties' contract and
Travelers had issued a check intended to be payment to Restoration for its work.
In support of its cross-motion, Restoration submitted documents, including
timesheets, job reports, and an itemization of costs. As far as we can discern
from the record, the documents were submitted as exhibits to an attorney's letter
and were not authenticated by a person with knowledge of their authenticity.
On December 18, 2020, the trial court issued a written opinion and order
denying the Perezes's motion and granting Restoration's cross-motion. After a
recitation of the procedural history, the court's opinion, in its entirety is as
follows:
The proof and documentation furnished by
[Restoration] indicates clearly that they are entitled to
receive the funds that were issued by the Travelers
Insurance Company. Funds held in trust comport with
the contractual relations between the parties, the time
and materials expended by [Restoration], the estimate
provided by [Restoration], and the estimate provided by
the insurance company. [The Perezes] should not
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receive these funds, so their motion is denied, and the
[c]ourt instead rightfully grants those funds to
[Restoration].
The court ordered the $8,562.21 be released to Restoration.
On December 27, 2020, the Perezes moved for reconsideration of the
December 18, 2020 order. They argued that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to
adjudicate Restoration's breach of contract claims because they had been
dismissed. In addition, they argued that the court, in effect, granted summary
judgment to Restoration on its claims without giving the Perezes an opportunity
to challenge the evidence on which it relied. They also argued that if the court
had authority to adjudicate Restoration's breach of contract claims, it was
required to determine the merits of the Perezes's defenses to those claims, as
well as its counterclaims against Restoration.2
On January 28, 2021, the trial court issued an order denying the Perezes' s
motion for reconsideration. The court concluded they failed to establish the
December 18, 2020 order was based on plainly incorrect reasoning, or that the
court had overlooked material evidence, or should have considered new
information.
2
The Perezes sought to rely on statements made by Restoration during
settlement negotiations. We disregard those statements. See N.J.R.E. 408.
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This appeal follows. The Perezes, in effect, reassert the arguments made
in support of their motion for reconsideration.
II.
Rule 4:49-2 provides:
Except as otherwise provided by R. 1:13-1 (clerical
errors) a motion for rehearing or reconsideration
seeking to alter or amend a judgment or order shall . . .
state with specificity the basis on which it is made,
including a statement of the matters or controlling
decisions which counsel believes the court has
overlooked or as to which it has erred, and shall have
annexed thereto a copy of the judgment or order sought
to be reconsidered and a copy of the court’s
corresponding written opinion, if any.
"A motion for reconsideration . . . is a matter left to the trial court's sound
discretion." Lee v. Brown, 232 N.J. 114, 126 (2018) (quoting Guido v. Duane
Morris, LLP, 202 N.J. 79, 87 (2010)). A party may move for reconsideration of
a court's decision pursuant to Rule 4:49-2 on the grounds that (1) the court based
its decision on "a palpably incorrect or irrational basis," (2) the court either
failed to consider or "appreciate the significance of probative, competent
evidence," or (3) the moving party is presenting "new or additional information
. . . which it could not have provided on the first application." Cummings v.
Bahr, 295 N.J. Super. 374, 384 (App. Div. 1996) (quoting D'Atria v. D'Atria,
242 N.J. Super. 392, 401-02 (Ch. Div. 1990)). The moving party must "initially
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demonstrate that the [c]ourt acted in an arbitrary, capricious, or unreasonable
manner, before the [c]ourt should engage in the actual reconsideration process."
D'Atria, 242 N.J. Super. at 401. A motion for reconsideration is not an
opportunity to "expand the record and reargue a motion. . . . [It] is designed to
seek review of an order based on the evidence before the court on the initial
motion, . . . not to serve as a vehicle to introduce new evidence in order to cure
an inadequacy in the motion record." Capital Fin. Co. of Del. Valley, Inc. v.
Asterbadi, 398 N.J. Super. 299, 310 (App. Div. 2008).
Because the December 18, 2020 order was issued on a palpably incorrect
basis, the trial court erred when it denied the Perezes's motion for
reconsideration. Rule 4:57-1 provides:
In an action in which any part of the relief sought is a
judgment for a sum of money or the disposition of a
sum of money, a party, on notice to every other party,
and by leave of court, may deposit with the Superior
Court Trust Fund all or any part of the sum. The Clerk
of the Superior Court, however, may accept money
submitted under the Construction Lien Law, N.J.S.A.
2A:44A-31, whether or not there is litigation pending
with respect thereto.
By its plain language, the rule applies where there is an action pending in the
Superior Court in which a party seeks as relief a judgment for a sum o f money
or the disposition of a sum of money. The purpose of the rule is to preserve
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funds, the entitlement to which is the subject of a pending action. "Rule 4:57
does not govern the substantive rights of the parties." Connelly v. McVeigh,
374 N.J. Super. 159, 167 (App. Div. 2005). The prerequisite of a pending action
as authority to accept funds in court is underscored by the rule's exception
allowing for the submission of funds in construction lien matters where no
litigation is pending. That category of cases is the only exception to the rule's
requirement that an action be pending to accept funds in court.
When the Perezes and Restoration cross-moved for release of the funds in
the court's trust account their complaint and counterclaims had been dismissed.
We interpret the September 14, 2020 order as a finding by the trial court that the
parties failed to prosecute the complaint and counterclaims in the more than
three years following entry of the August 3, 2017 consent order referring the
matter to private mediation. In the August 2017 order, the parties were directed
to inform the court within ninety days that the matter was settled or that a trial
date was needed.
As far as we can discern from the record, no party communicated with the
court until July 22, 2020, when the Perezes moved to reinstate the matter. In the
September 14, 2020 order, the trial court found no exceptional circumstances
warranted reinstating the parties' effectively abandoned claims. No appeal was
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filed from the September 14, 2020 order and no party argues it was incorrectly
entered.
We have previously held that where an insurer deposits payment on a
claim into court on behalf of a claimant who does not thereafter prove
entitlement to those funds in the underlying action, the deposit will be returned
to the insurer. See Connelly, 374 N.J. Super. at 162-67. In that case, the insurer
offered to settle the plaintiff's claims arising from a motor vehicle accident for
the policy limit. Id. at 163. While the plaintiff was considering the settlement
offer, the insurer deposited the funds in court. Ibid. Ultimately, the plaintiff
brought his claims to trial without expressly rejecting the settlement offer. The
jury found that plaintiff failed to prove damages. Id. at 166. The court
subsequently permitted the insurer to withdraw the deposited funds. Ibid.The court later denied a motion to place a constructive trust on the funds,
which was predicated on the theory that the settlement offer, once made, could
not be rescinded, and the funds, once deposited in the trust account, could not
be returned to the insurer. Id. at 167. We affirmed, noting that the plaintiff's
failure to accept the settlement offer or prove entitlement to the funds on deposit
in the underlying action negated his claim to those funds. Ibid. The same result
is appropriate here.
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Neither Restoration nor the Perezes established their claims to the funds
in the court's trust fund. They allowed their claims to be dismissed for lack of
prosecution. Because the underlying pleadings were dismissed without a
determination of any party's entitlement to the funds deposited in court, the
appropriate course of action in the present circumstances is to return the funds
to Travelers.
The January 28, 2021 order is reversed, the December 18, 2020 order
directing the release of $8,562.21 to Restoration is vacated, and the matter is
remanded to the Law Division for entry of an order releasing $8,562.21
deposited in court to Travelers. We do not retain jurisdiction. 3
3
Given the resolution of this appeal on other grounds, we do not comment on
the propriety of the trial court effectively granting summary judgment to
Restoration on its breach of contract claims based on unauthenticated documents
attached to an attorney's letter and without consideration of the Perezes's
defenses or counterclaims.
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