Lea v. Kearny

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1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
2 SUSAN LEA,
3 Plaintiff/Counterdefendant-Appellant,
4 v. No. A-1-CA-36174
5 PATRICK KEARNY, TEDDY KEARNY,
6 and DOES 1 through 50, Inclusive,
7 Defendants/Counterclaimants-Appellees.
8 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF SIERRA COUNTY
9 Mercedes C. Murphy, District Judge
10 Susan Lea
11 Studio City, CA
12 Pro Se Appellant
13 Barncastle Law Firm
14 Samantha R. Barncastle
15 Las Cruces, NM
16 for Appellee
17 MEMORANDUM OPINION
18 GARCIA, Judge.
19 {1} Plaintiff Susan Lea, a self-represented litigant, contends that the district court
1 erred by denying her Rule 1-015(A) NMRA motion to amend her complaint. [DS 3]
2 This Court issued a notice of proposed summary disposition proposing to affirm, and
3 Plaintiff has filed a timely memorandum in opposition. We have duly considered her
4 response and remain unpersuaded that the district court erred. Therefore, we affirm.
5 {2} After filing her original complaint against Defendants Patrick Kearny and
6 Teddy Kearny (Defendants Kearny) and “Does 1 through 50, Inclusive” under various
7 legal theories for alleged violations of restrictive covenants, Plaintiff sought to amend
8 her complaint to add governmental agencies and/or governmental employees as
9 defendants for alleged violations of the New Mexico Tort Claims Act (the TCA),
10 NMSA 1978, §§ 41-4-1 to -30 (1976, as amended through 2015), and the New
11 Mexico Inspection of Public Records Act (IPRA), NMSA 1978, §§ 14-2-1 to -12
12 (1947, as amended through 2013). [CN 2-3; see id. 2, n.1 (noting that Plaintiff
13 identified the proposed defendants differently in different pleadings)] The district
14 court denied Plaintiff’s motion to amend, as well as her motion to reconsider. [CN 3-
15 4]
16 {3} In its written order denying Plaintiff’s motion to amend, the district court found
17 that the proposed amended complaint “fail[ed] to allege facts to establish that there
18 would be a waiver of governmental immunity”; “fail[ed] to allege facts to establish
19 that the Proposed State Defendants violated the Due Process Clause or the Equal
2
1 Protection Clause, or any other right afforded under the Constitution of the State of
2 New Mexico”; and “[i]t would be futile to permit Plaintiff to file the Proposed
3 Amended Complaint adding the Proposed State Defendants to this lawsuit[.]” [2 RP
4 356-57]
5 {4} In our notice of proposed disposition, we acknowledged that leave to amend a
6 complaint “shall be freely given when justice so requires.” [CN 2 (quoting Rule 1-
7 015(A) NMRA)] Nevertheless, we were not convinced that the district court abused
8 its discretion in denying Plaintiff’s motion to amend her complaint. [CN 2-3] See
9 Alliance Health of Santa Teresa, Inc. v. Nat’l Presto Indus., Inc., 2007-NMCA-157,
10 ¶ 26, 143 N.M. 133, 173 P.3d 55 (stating that we review the denial of such a motion
11 for an abuse of discretion). In light of the district court’s findings, we suggested that
12 the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying Plaintiff’s motion to amend
13 her complaint to include a TCA claim that appeared to be futile. [CN 5] See id. (“An
14 abuse of discretion occurs when the district court exceeds the bounds of reason, all the
15 circumstances before it being considered.” (internal quotation marks and citation
16 omitted)); see also Krieger v. Wilson Corp., 2006-NMCA-034, ¶ 24, 139 N.M. 274,
17 131 P.3d 661 (stating that “[a] party ought to be afforded an opportunity to test its
18 claim on the merits, and amendment should be allowed in the absence of a showing
19 of . . . futility of the amendment”). Additionally, we proposed to conclude that
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1 Plaintiff had not demonstrated that the district court erred in denying her motion to
2 amend the complaint to add an IPRA claim. [CN 5] See Farmers, Inc. v. Dal Mach.
3 & Fabricating, Inc., 1990-NMSC-100, ¶ 8, 111 N.M. 6, 800 P.2d 1063 (stating that
4 the appellate courts presume that the district court is correct and the burden is on the
5 appellant to clearly demonstrate that the lower court erred).
6 {5} In her response, Plaintiff primarily reiterates the arguments she made in her
7 docketing statement and motion to reconsider. [See generally MIO 2-8; see also DS
8 2-5; 2 RP 309-14, 341-44, 410-11 ] However, reiteration of previous arguments fails
9 to convince us that the analysis contained in our proposed disposition is in error. See
10 Hennessy v. Duryea, 1998-NMCA-036, ¶ 24, 124 N.M. 754, 955 P.2d 683 (“Our
11 courts have repeatedly held that, in summary calendar cases, the burden is on the party
12 opposing the proposed disposition to clearly point out errors in fact or law.”).
13 {6} Additionally, Plaintiff argues she is not required to file a brief to prove that she
14 has a right to sue the Proposed State Defendants, and also that no briefs have been
15 filed to establish (1) futility, (2) that there has not been a waiver of governmental
16 immunity, and (3) that the Proposed State Defendants did not violate the Due Process
17 Clause, the Equal Protection Clause, or any other right afforded under the Constitution
18 of the State of New Mexico [MIO 5]. These arguments are likewise not persuasive.
19 As the claimant, Plaintiff had to allege facts to support her claims for relief in her
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1 proposed amended complaint. See Derringer v. State, 2003-NMCA-073, ¶ 5, 133
2 N.M. 721, 68 P.3d 961 (stating that the “pleadings must tell a story from which the
3 essential elements prerequisite to the granting of the relief sought can be found or
4 reasonably inferred” (alterations, internal quotation marks, and citation omitted)). As
5 discussed in our notice of proposed disposition, following briefing and a hearing on
6 Plaintiff’s motion to amend her complaint, the district court found that the proposed
7 amended complaint failed to allege facts to support her claims for relief. [CN 4-5]
8 {7} While we note that Plaintiff is a self-represented litigant, “a [self-represented]
9 litigant, having chosen to represent [herself], is held to the same standard of conduct
10 and compliance with court rules, procedures, and orders as are members of the bar.”
11 Newsome v. Farer, 1985-NMSC-096, ¶ 18, 103 N.M. 415, 708 P.2d 327; Bruce v.
12 Lester, 1999-NMCA-051, ¶ 4, 127 N.M. 301, 980 P.2d 84 (indicating that
13 self-represented litigants must comply with the rules and orders of the court and will
14 not be treated differently than litigants with counsel).
15 {8} Accordingly, for the reasons stated in our notice of proposed disposition and
16 herein, we affirm.
17 {9} IT IS SO ORDERED.
18 ________________________________
19 TIMOTHY L. GARCIA, Judge
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1 WE CONCUR:
2 _______________________________
3 J. MILES HANISEE, Judge
4 _______________________________
5 HENRY M. BOHNHOFF,Judge
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