Romero v. City of Albuquerque

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1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
2 ANTONIO ROMERO,
3 Petitioner-Appellant,
4 v. No. 33,917
5 CITY OF ALBUQUERQUE, and
6 Administrative Hearing Officer
7 STAN HARADA,
8 Respondents-Appellees.
9 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BERNALILLO COUNTY
10 Ted Baca, District Judge
11 Mark Keller
12 Albuquerque, NM
13 for Appellant
14 Nicholas H. Bullock
15 Albuquerque, NM
16 for Appellees
17 MEMORANDUM OPINION
18 SUTIN, Judge.
1 {1} Petitioner-Appellant Antonio Romero appeals from an order dismissing his
2 petition for writ of certiorari, by which he sought review of an administrative
3 determination. We previously issued a notice of proposed summary disposition in
4 which we proposed to affirm. Appellant has filed a memorandum in opposition. After
5 due consideration, we affirm.
6 {2} To summarize the pertinent background, Appellant initiated the underlying
7 proceedings by filing a petition for writ of certiorari pursuant to Rule 1-075 NMRA
8 for the purpose of obtaining appellate review of a hearing officer’s probable cause
9 determination. The City moved to dismiss on grounds that the hearing officer’s
10 determination was not a final order. The district court granted the motion. This appeal
11 followed.
12 {3} By its plain language Rule 1-075 provides for review of final agency decisions.
13 Id.; see also Rayellen Res., Inc. v. N.M. Cultural Props. Review Comm., 2014-NMSC-
14 006, ¶ 9, 319 P.3d 639 (“Rule 1-075 . . . provides for district court review of a final
15 agency decision.”). In this case, both the express terms of the order and the context out
16 of which it arises clearly contemplate further proceedings on the merits, in the form
17 of formal forfeiture proceedings. [RP 5] As such, the hearing officer’s determination
18 is not a final decision. See generally State v. Vaughn, 2005-NMCA-076, ¶ 18, 137
19 N.M. 674, 114 P.3d 354 (observing that, where an order “expressly contemplated
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1 further proceedings” on the merits, it did not “dispose of all issues of law and fact to
2 the fullest extent possible under traditional finality rules” (alteration, internal
3 quotation marks, and citation omitted)). Insofar as the hearing officer’s order is not
4 final, it was not appealable to the district court pursuant to Rule 1-075.
5 {4} In his memorandum in opposition, Appellant does not appear to dispute the
6 foregoing. However, he continues to urge that effective judicial review of the hearing
7 officer’s probable cause determination may be unavailable if an immediate appeal is
8 not authorized. [MIO 2-4] As we previously observed, similar concerns were
9 addressed by the New Mexico Supreme Court in City of Farmington v. Piñon-Garcia,
10 2013-NMSC-046, ¶ 2, 311 P.3d 446. The Court observed that “parties in courts of
11 limited jurisdiction who believe they are entitled to a dispositive order as a remedy for
12 a constitutional or procedural violation would effectively be deprived of the
13 safeguards of the United States and New Mexico Constitutions and our procedural
14 rules if a district court’s de novo review of the lower court’s ruling [is] bypassed in
15 favor of a trial de novo on the underlying complaint.” Id. Therefore, in de novo
16 proceedings, “the district courts can and must review, de novo, the merits of pretrial
17 motions brought before them on appeal from courts not of record[.]” Id. ¶ 11. In order
18 to ensure meaningful review of the proceedings before the lower tribunal, the district
19 court’s review of a lower tribunal’s grant or denial of a dispositive motion must be
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1 “independent” (i.e., de novo), but “based on the record on appeal” (including copies
2 of all papers and exhibits filed in the administrative tribunal, as well as any
3 transcripts). Id. ¶¶ 12, 18-19, 21. Applying the principles articulated in Piñon-Garcia,
4 we previously explained that Appellant is entitled to review of the hearing officer’s
5 probable cause determination, but that review must take place in the course of the
6 forfeiture proceedings rather than in a collateral proceeding such as the separate action
7 filed below. See Smith v. City of Santa Fe, 2007-NMSC-055, ¶ 24, 142 N.M. 786, 171
8 P.3d 300 (“We perceive no sound judicial policy for allowing a party aggrieved by an
9 administrative decision to forego an available avenue of judicial review only to allow
10 that same party to initiate judicial review in another form . . . [i]ndeed, the efficient
11 administration of justice requires just the opposite.”).
12 {5} In his memorandum in opposition Appellant indicates that he generally “agrees”
13 with the foregoing. [MIO 3] Nevertheless, Appellant expresses concern that the City
14 and/or the district court presiding over the forfeiture proceeding might regard Piñon-
15 Garcia as inapplicable. [MIO 3-4] In light of this concern, Appellant suggests that
16 summary affirmance is inappropriate. [MIO 4] However, Appellant’s speculative
17 concern does not persuade us that a different result is warranted.
18 {6} Accordingly, for the reasons stated in our notice of proposed summary
19 disposition and in this Opinion, we affirm the dismissal of the underlying action.
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1 {7} IT IS SO ORDERED.
2 __________________________________
3 JONATHAN B. SUTIN, Judge
4 WE CONCUR:
5 _________________________________
6 MICHAEL D. BUSTAMANTE, Judge
7 _________________________________
8 J. MILES HANISEE, Judge
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