R Swopes v. Global Enterprise

1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
2 RICHARD SWOPES,
3 Plaintiff-Appellant,
4 vs. No. 29,319
5 GLOBAL EXPERTISE IN
6 OUTSOURCING, WEXFORD
7 HEALTH SOURCES, INC., and
8 the STATE OF NEW MEXICO, et al.,
9 Defendants-Appellees.
10 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF LEA COUNTY
11 Don Maddox, District Judge
12 Richard Swopes
13 Grants, NM
14 Pro Se Appellant
15 Miller Stratvert P.A.
16 James R. Wood
17 Albuquerque, NM
18 for Appellee Wexford Health Sources, Inc.
19 Yenson, Lynn, Allen & Wosick, P.C.
20 Matthew L. Connelly
21 Albuquerque, NM
22 for Appellee Global Expertise in Outsourcing
1 Atwood, Malone, Tuner & Sabin, P.A.
2 Bryan D. Evans
3 Roswell, NM
4 for Appellee State of New Mexico
5 MEMORANDUM OPINION
6 VIGIL, Jud+
7 ge.
8 Plaintiff appeals from the district court’s order granting summary judgment and
9 denying Plaintiff’s motion for reconsideration. We issued a calendar notice proposing
10 to summarily affirm the district court. Plaintiff filed a memorandum in opposition,
11 which we have duly considered. Unpersuaded, we affirm.
12 DISCUSSION
13 The district court granted summary judgment in favor of all Defendants on
14 December 3, 2007. [RP 301-02] The court found that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his
15 administrative remedies and that Defendant Governor Bill Richardson was otherwise
16 immune from suit. [Id. 301] On December 10, 2007, Plaintiff filed a motion for
17 reconsideration, arguing that the district court’s ruling “was not based on all the facts,
18 due in part by an oversight on the plaintiff’s part.” [Id. 310-11] Plaintiff sought to
19 attach various exhibits to support his motion, as well as a witness list and proposed
2
1 findings and conclusions. [Id. 303-04, 308-09, 312-14, 315-17] Plaintiff’s motion to
2 allow exhibits acknowledges that the district court granted summary judgment due to
3 a procedural error on Plaintiff’s part. [Id. 308] Plaintiff’s motion sought to correct that
4 error by submitting documents to show the basis for his complaint. [Id.]
5 “Summary judgment is appropriate where there are no genuine issues of
6 material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. . . We review
7 these legal questions de novo.” Self v. United Parcel Serv., Inc., 1998-NMSC-046,
8 ¶ 6, 126 N.M. 396, 970 P.2d 582 (citation omitted). “The movant need only make a
9 prima facie showing that he is entitled to summary judgment. Upon the movant
10 making a prima facie showing, the burden shifts to the party opposing the motion to
11 demonstrate the existence of specific evidentiary facts which would require trial on
12 the merits.” Roth v. Thompson, 113 N.M. 331, 334-35, 825 P.2d 1241, 1244-45
13 (1992) (citations omitted). Summary judgment is proper where there is no evidence
14 raising a reasonable doubt that a genuine issue of material fact exists. Cates v.
15 Regents of N.M. Inst. of Mining & Tech., 1998-NMSC-002, ¶ 9, 124 N.M. 633, 954
16 P.2d 65. A party opposing summary judgment may not simply argue that evidentiary
17 facts requiring a trial on the merits may exist, “nor may [a party] rest upon the
18 allegations of the complaint.” Dow v. Chilili Coop. Ass'n, 105 N.M. 52, 54-55, 728
19 P.2d 462, 464-65 (1986).
3
1 Here, Defendants filed motions for summary judgment based on the argument
2 that Plaintiff had previously filed a lawsuit alleging that Defendants failed to provide
3 him with adequate and timely dental care during his incarceration at the Lea County
4 correctional facility. [Id. 209-16, 257-66, 268-73] Defendants argued that the district
5 court ruled in the previous case that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative
6 remedies available through the prison grievance process, that the time for doing so had
7 passed, and that his claims should be dismissed pursuant to NMSA 1978, § 33-2-11
8 (1990). Section 33-2-11(B) provides:
9 No court of this state shall acquire subject-matter jurisdiction over
10 any complaint, petition, grievance or civil action filed by any inmate of
11 the corrections department with regard to any cause of action pursuant
12 to state law that is substantially related to the inmate’s incarceration by
13 the corrections department until the inmate exhausts the corrections
14 department’s internal grievance procedure.
15 Defendants argued that Plaintiff’s failure to follow the grievance process required
16 dismissal of his claims in this action as well. [Id.] Defendant Richardson also argued
17 that Plaintiff’s claims against him were barred by immunity. [Id. 258, 262-66]
18 Plaintiff failed to file a timely response to Defendant Wexford’s motion for
19 summary judgment. [Id. 253] Based on Plaintiff’s failure to respond, Defendant
20 Wexford argued that its motion for summary judgment should be granted pursuant to
21 Rule 1-007.1 NMRA as well as on the merits. [Id. 253-56] Plaintiff then filed a late
4
1 response, arguing that he was unaware that he needed to respond to the motion for
2 summary judgment. [Id. 277-78] Plaintiff claimed that he did not respond because he
3 had filed a motion for an extension of time while waiting for appointment of counsel,
4 that he had requested a motions and discovery hearing, and that he had limited legal
5 access at his place of incarceration. [Id.] Plaintiff then simply denied the allegations
6 in the motion for summary judgment. [Id. 278] Plaintiff also filed a response to
7 Defendant Global Expertise in Outsourcing’s motion for summary judgment in which
8 he simply denied all claims in the motion without presenting further argument or
9 evidence. [Id. 297-99]
10 At a hearing at which Plaintiff appeared via telephone, the record indicates that
11 the district court reviewed the pleadings and memoranda in support as well as
12 Plaintiff’s responses, heard argument from the parties, and found that Defendants’
13 motions for summary judgment should be granted because Plaintiff failed to exhaust
14 his administrative remedies and Defendant Richardson was immune from suit. [Id.
15 301] After the order was filed, Plaintiff filed a motion for reconsideration and sought
16 to attach exhibits. [Id. 310-11, 308-09, 312-13] In his motion, Plaintiff admits he did
17 not submit the material earlier due to his own oversight. [Id. 310]
18 Under these circumstances, we reject Plaintiff’s contention that the district court
19 erred in granting summary judgment and denying Plaintiff’s motion for
5
1 reconsideration. Under Rule 1-007.1(D), parties are required to respond to a motion
2 within fifteen days after service. However, “[b]efore entry of an order granting
3 summary judgment, the district court must assess whether, on the merits, the moving
4 party satisfied” the provisions of Rule 1-056(C) NMRA. See Lujan v. City of
5 Albuquerque, 2003-NMCA-104, ¶ 18, 134 N.M. 207, 213, 75 P.3d 423, 429.
6 Although a traditional summary judgment analysis is still required, the district court
7 must consider the lack of a timely response in its analysis. Id. Thus, while summary
8 judgment is appropriate only if the moving party demonstrates that no genuine issue
9 of facts exist, the nonmoving party who fails to file a timely response “waives the
10 right to respond or to controvert the facts asserted in the summary judgment motion.”
11 Id. (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). If the facts asserted in the
12 summary judgment motion are supported and entitle the moving party to judgment as
13 a matter of law, then the court should grant the motion. Id.14 Here, Defendants’ motions set forth facts supported by documentary evidence
15 to demonstrate their contention that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative
16 remedies. Plaintiff failed to oppose Defendants’ motions with timely or adequate
17 responses. To the extent that Plaintiff made any argument in his responses to
18 Defendants’ motions, he merely denied the allegations, which is not the same as
19 demonstrating that evidentiary facts exist that require a trial on the merits. See Roth,
6
1 113 N.M. at 334-35, 825 P.2d at 1244-45. The district court could properly conclude
2 that Plaintiff had not controverted any material facts. Thus, it appears that the district
3 court did not err in determining based on the material before it that Plaintiff’s claims
4 failed as a matter of law due to his failure to exhaust his administrative remedies.
5 To the extent that Plaintiff claimed that he was waiting for counsel to be
6 appointed to help him with his case, [Id. 277] Plaintiff’s contentions are without merit.
7 Plaintiff cites to no authority for the proposition that he is entitled to appointed
8 counsel in a civil matter. [MIO 3] In addition, Plaintiff’s lack of counsel did not
9 prevent him from filing his own motions for default judgment and summary judgment
10 and otherwise litigating the case. Although the record indicates that Plaintiff filed a
11 motion for a continuance pending appointment of counsel on June 25, 2007, there is
12 no indication in the record that the district court granted the motion. [RP 147-48]
13 Meanwhile, Plaintiff filed his motion for summary judgment [RP 195 (no motion for
14 summary judgment appears in the record but Plaintiff acknowledges it was filed on
15 July 16, 2007, after his request for a continuance)] and Defendants filed several
16 responses. [Id. 190-93, 200-03, 204-05]
17 Turning to the motion for reconsideration, Plaintiff sought to correct his error
18 in not responding appropriately to Defendants’ motions by submitting documents,
19 without any explanation or legal argument, that would show the basis for his
7
1 complaint. It appears that this material was available prior to the district court’s ruling
2 on the motion for summary judgment, but was not submitted due to Plaintiff’s
3 oversight. [Id. 310] Plaintiff’s response concedes that the material was previously
4 available. [MIO 2] As such, the district court could properly conclude that Plaintiff
5 improperly sought to supplement the record with material that was previously
6 available. See Schmidt v. St. Joseph's Hosp., 105 N.M. 681, 683, 736 P.2d 135, 137
7 (Ct. App. 1987) (stating that, in a summary judgment hearing, the trial court may
8 properly consider only those pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories,
9 admissions, and affidavits that are before it).
10 We remain persuaded that it was within the district court’s discretion to refuse
11 to consider additional materials filed with the motion for reconsideration, which were
12 not timely filed in response to the motions for summary judgment. See Deaton v.
13 Gutierrez, 2004-NMCA-043, ¶ 9, 135 N.M. 423, 89 P.3d 672. The material Plaintiff
14 wanted to submit was previously available and Plaintiff acknowledged that the error
15 in not submitting the material in a timely response was due to his own oversight. [RP
16 310; MIO 2] Thus, the district court was entitled to find that Plaintiff’s failure to
17 submit the material earlier did not constitute excusable neglect. See id. (holding that
18 the district court did not abuse its discretion in refusing to consider untimely presented
8
1 materials filed with a motion for reconsideration after a grant of summary judgment
2 when there was no evidence of excusable neglect).
3 Moreover, we are not persuaded that the material Plaintiff submitted supports
4 his assertion that there was no basis in fact or law to support summary judgment. The
5 documents Plaintiff wanted to submit are not part of the record on appeal and
6 Plaintiff’s various motions filed after the order granting summary judgment do not
7 explain why the new material supported his claims. Defendant Wexford’s response
8 indicates that the grievances Plaintiff attached to his motion for reconsideration refer
9 to subsequent events. [RP 325] Under these circumstances, we cannot conclude that
10 the district court erred if it determined that the attachments did not create an issue of
11 material fact and that Plaintiff’s motion for reconsideration merely restated the
12 arguments he had already made in opposing summary judgment. Id. ¶ 10. “Upon a
13 doubtful or deficient record, every presumption is indulged in favor of the correctness
14 and regularity of the trial court's decision, and the appellate court will indulge in
15 reasonable presumptions in support of the order entered.” See Reeves v. Wimberly,
16 107 N.M. 231, 236, 755 P.2d 75, 80 (Ct. App. 1988).
17 We note that Plaintiff included numerous attachments to his memorandum in
18 opposition in an effort to demonstrate that his claims have merit; however, it is
19 improper to attach documents which are not part of the record on appeal. Jemko, Inc.
9
1 v. Liaghat, 106 N.M. 50, 55, 738 P.2d 922, 927 (Ct. App. 1987). In addition, “[i]t is
2 a bedrock principle of appellate practice that appellate courts do not decide the facts
3 in a case.” State v. Gonzales, 1999-NMCA-027, ¶ 9, 126 N.M. 742, 975 P.2d 355.
4 Accordingly, we will not consider these documents. See Michaluk v. Burke, 105 N.M.
5 670, 676-77, 735 P.2d 1176, 1182-83 (Ct. App. 1987) (stating that “[w]here the record
6 on appeal is incomplete, the ruling of the trial court is presumed to be supported by
7 the evidence”).
8 We recognize that Plaintiff is pro se and that it is difficult to litigate a civil
9 complaint while incarcerated. However, Plaintiff’s pro se status does not excuse him
10 from complying with the rules of civil and appellate procedure or from making clear
11 arguments to the courts. See Bruce v. Lester, 1999-NMCA-051, ¶ 4, 127 N.M. 301,
12 980 P.2d 84 (stating that we hold pro se litigants to the same standard as attorneys).
13 Accordingly, we reject Plaintiff’s assertion in the memorandum in opposition that he
14 “believes” that a state official cannot hide behind immunity. [MIO 4] Where a party
15 cites no authority to support an argument, we may assume no such authority exists.
16 In re Adoption of Doe, 100 N.M. 764, 765, 676 P.2d 1329, 1330 (1984). Plaintiff also
17 fails to persuade us that the district court erred by not entering default judgment or
18 ruling on his motion for summary judgment. [Id. 3] The record indicates that Plaintiff
19 withdrew his motion for default judgment and that there were problems with service
10
1 on some defendants. [RP 195, 200, 204] As for Plaintiff’s motion for summary
2 judgment, a request for a hearing does not appear in the record. Assuming Plaintiff
3 filed a request, the district court’s determination that Defendants were entitled to
4 summary judgment demonstrates that Plaintiff was not entitled to a ruling in his favor.
5 Thus, we are not persuaded that the district court erred by not ruling on Plaintiff’s
6 motions.
7 CONCLUSION
8 For these reasons, we hold that the district court did not err in determining that
9 summary judgment in favor of Defendants was proper and that Plaintiff’s motion for
11
1 reconsideration should be denied.
2 IT IS SO ORDERED.
3
4 MICHAEL E. VIGIL, Judge
5 WE CONCUR:
6
7 CYNTHIA A. FRY, Chief Judge
8
9 LINDA M. VANZI, Judge
12