Citation Numbers: 88 A.D.2d 511
Judges: Milonas
Filed Date: 5/6/1982
Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 1/13/2022
— Order, Supreme Court, Appellate Term, entered May 21,1981, reversing the order of the Civil Court, New York County (Ribaudo, J.), dated January 12,1981, and granting petitioner landlord summary judgment in its holdover proceeding to terminate the tenancy of undertenant respondent Henry Modell and Co., Inc. while denying Modell’s cross motion for summary judgment, affirmed, with costs. The facts are fairly stated in the dissenting opinion. Affirmance is warranted for the reasons stated by the Appellate Term. However, in the light of the dissent, further comment is appropriate. There is no merit to respondent’s contention that the sole purpose of preserving the overlandlord, the greater estate, and the underlandlord, the lesser estate, was to interfere with respondent’s contractual rights. As the Appellate Term held, the fact that both corporations are owned by the same parties or that one owns the other does not bring about a merger. 198 Broadway, Inc. acquired the master lease as assignee in December, 1965. At that time Modell had been a long-time tenant as sublessee of 198 Broadway, Inc.’s assignor. The church, overlandlord, did not acquire the title and fee to the entire premises until February, 1966. Thus, at the time the church became the overlandlord, 198 Broadway, Inc. was already the lessee on the master lease and the sublessor on the sublease to Modell. Paragraph 52 of the sublease, which grants the option to Modell, requires that its exercise be at least one year prior to the expiration of the sublease. The counterpart in the overlease requires six months’ notice. The fact that the latter notice period is shorter creates no implication that it was obligatory on the underlandlord to exercise its option once the undertenant exercised the option granted to it. If this was the purpose of the parties, it would have been easy to spell out the obligation in the lease and the sublease. Paragraph 53 of the sublease makes clear the status of 198 Broadway, Inc. as a lessee of the land and building and that the sublease is subject to the terms, covenants and conditions of the major lease, which contains the option provision exercisable by the major tenant. To require the underlandlord to exercise its option is to impose an obligation upon it which it never undertook. There is no covenant to exercise the option, either express or by implication. To spell out an implied obligation is to rewrite the lease between the parties. Paragraph 51 of the master lease grants 198 Broadway, Inc. an absolute, unfettered right to renew or not to renew. No limitation appears in the master lease or in the sublease. Accordingly, the termination of the master lease extinguished