Citation Numbers: 130 Misc. 721
Judges: Rhodes
Filed Date: 9/21/1927
Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 1/12/2023
This action is brought to enforce the specific performance of a land contract in writing made between the plaintiff as vendor and defendant as vendee early in the year 1924. The property in question consists of a lot at the northeast corner of Main and Sand streets in the city of Oneida. By the contract the vendor was to furnish satisfactory deed showing good, marketable title, free from incumbrances except such as were specified in the contract. It also provided that payments made by the vendee shall be returned “ if purchaser is prevented by the Oneida city authorities from installing gasoline storage tanks in the ground, in which event this entire offer and agreement shall be null and void.” Defendant interposed several defenses, one being that plaintiff has not been at any time the full owner of the real property and able and entitled to convey it, but that there has always existed therein an outstanding dower right belonging to Grace Lindsiey Williams, as the widow of Charles E. B. Williams, she being an adjudged incompetent person, and she having continually been so incompetent ever since some time prior to the death of her said husband, and that said dower right was never extinguished and the proposed deed and title proposed to be tendered by plaintiff to the defendant did not purport to convey the same and that such dower right is still outstanding and constitutes a cloud and incumbrance on this title. The answer also seeks a reformation of the contract upon the ground that it does not set forth the real agreement between the parties, alleging that the property was purchased by the defendant for a filling station and that the understanding and agreement of the parties was that the sale should not be consummated if the proposed use of the premises should not be permitted by the city of Oneida. It further alleges that the defendant was prevented from using said premises as a, filling station by the adoption of certain ordinances of the city of Oneida after the said agreement was signed and that these facts thereby make it unjust and inequitable that this court should decree that defendant be compelled to accept the premises with such incumbrance and prohibition against the only use for which they were intended to be used by the defendant.
The property in question belonged to Charles E. B. Williams at the time of his death. By his will the testator, among other things, devised to Paul H. Williams and Faith Williams the sum of $15,000 to be set aside from his personal estate in trust for the benefit of his wife, Grace Williams, during the term of her natural life, and provided that the provision for his said widow should be in lieu of her dower in his real estate and her exemptions as surviving widow. A proceeding was instituted before Hon. Joseph
I do not think the defendant is entitled to a reformation of the contract. The instrument was prepared and forwarded to the defendant for its examination and inspection, and the paper in question was in defendant’s possession for several days. Full opportunity was afforded for its examination and it cannot be said that the defendant was misled in any way by the plaintiff. However, I do not think a reformation of the contract is necessary. The defendant claims and it is apparent that it desired the property solely for the purpose of a filling station. After the contract was entered into, the city of Oneida adopted ordinances prohibiting the maintenance of a filling station at the place where the premises are located. It is manifest that the defendant is prevented from using the property for the only purpose for which it was purchased. In view of the changed situation, it seems to me that it would be inequitable to require the defendant to take the property. (See Gotthelf v. Stranahan, 138 N. Y. 345; Hammer v. Michael, 243 id. 445; Anderson v. Steinway & Sons, 178 App. Div. 507; affd., 221 N. Y. 639.)
There remains the further question as to the amount of defendant’s recovery, in addition to the payments made under the contract. Defendant claims to have expended certain sums for legal expenses in an action brought to test the validity of the zoning ordinance regarding the premises. The allegation of the defendant’s answer is that the expenditures in testing the validity of the ordinances were made by the defendant at the instance and request of the plaintiff. I do not find any testimony in the record which substantiates the claim that the expenditures were made at the instance and request of the plaintiff. In the absence of any such agreement, I do not think the defendant can recover back the expenses incurred in the litigation relative to the ordinances. When the ordinances were adopted, the defendant’s right to refuse to accept title thereupon became fixed in so far as the question of the ordinances was concerned. If the defendant was justified in refusing to complete the purchase because of the subsequently enacted ordinances, then it was not necessary for it to incur additional expense in testing the validity of the ordinances. It seems to me that if the defendant was justified because of the adoption of the ordinances in refusing to accept title, the burden then rested upon the plaintiff to remove such objection and that
The plaintiff’s complaint should, therefore, be dismissed and defendant should have judgment against plaintiff in the sum of $100, with interest thereon from April 15, 1924, as demanded in the answer, with costs.