Jones v. Wainwright (Slip Opinion)

[Until this opinion appears in the Ohio Official Reports advance sheets, it may be cited as
Jones v. Wainwright, Slip Opinion No. 2020-Ohio-4870.]
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SLIP OPINION NO. 2020-OHIO-4870
JONES, APPELLANT, v. WAINWRIGHT, WARDEN, APPELLEE.
[Until this opinion appears in the Ohio Official Reports advance sheets, it
may be cited as Jones v. Wainwright, Slip Opinion No. 2020-Ohio-4870.]
(No. 2020-0452—Submitted August 18, 2020—Decided October 15, 2020.)
APPEAL from the Court of Appeals for Marion County, No. 9-19-81.
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Per Curiam.
{¶ 1} Appellant, Anthony Jones, a prison inmate, filed a petition for a writ
of habeas corpus in the Third District Court of Appeals alleging that he has
completed his sentence and is entitled to immediate release. The Third District
dismissed the petition. We affirm.
Background
{¶ 2} In 1985, after pleading guilty to involuntary manslaughter and
aggravated robbery, Jones was sentenced to an aggregate prison term of 12 to 50
years. He was released on parole in 1994, and the Adult Parole Authority granted
him permission to move to Maryland. Maryland accepted transfer of Jones’s parole
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supervision on February 6, 2002. Two days later, the Ohio Department of
Rehabilitation and Correction, Division of Parole and Community Services, created
a “Close of Interest” report concerning Jones; that same day, Jones’s Ohio parole
officer authored a document stating that, in view of Maryland’s acceptance of
supervision, her reporting unit was “closing interest” in his case.
{¶ 3} In January 2018, the Ohio Parole Board found that Jones had violated
the conditions of his release and revoked his parole. Later that year, Jones filed a
petition for a writ of habeas corpus in the Marion County Court of Common Pleas
against appellee, Lyneal Wainwright, warden of the Marion Correctional
Institution. The common pleas court dismissed the petition, the Third District
affirmed the dismissal, and this court denied discretionary review. See Jones v.
Wainwright, 157 Ohio St. 3d 1440, 2019-Ohio-4211, 132 N.E.3d 701.
{¶ 4} In November 2019, Jones filed a second habeas petition against the
warden, this time as an original action in the Third District. He alleged that the Ohio
Parole Board lacked authority to revoke his parole because Ohio “closed” its parole
supervision in 2002. The warden argued that Jones’s claim was barred under the
doctrine of res judicata and that the 2002 documents referring to the closure of Ohio’s
parole supervision did not constitute a final release from parole under R.C.
2967.16(A). Therefore, the warden contended, Jones remains in custody under his
original sentence. The Third District agreed with both of the warden’s arguments
and dismissed the petition. Jones has appealed to this court as of right.
Analysis
{¶ 5} The warden raised res judicata as a defense in a motion styled as a
“Civ.R. 12(B)(6) Motion to Dismiss and/or Motion for Summary Judgment.” In
accepting that defense, the Third District did not clearly state whether it was
dismissing Jones’s petition for failure to state a claim under Civ.R. 12(B)(6) or
granting summary judgment under Civ.R. 56. That distinction ordinarily would
matter—although res judicata usually is not a proper basis for dismissal under
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Civ.R. 12 (under which the court examines only the pleadings), it is more readily
applied under Civ.R. 56 (under which the court may consider extrinsic evidence).
See Jefferson v. Bunting, 140 Ohio St. 3d 62, 2014-Ohio-3074, 14 N.E.3d 1036,
¶ 10-12. But the warden’s res judicata defense does not depend on documents
outside the pleadings. In two affidavits attached to his petition, Jones conceded
that he filed a habeas petition in 2018. And he has never disputed that he asserts
the same claim here. So in this case, it does not matter whether the Third District
dismissed the petition under Civ.R. 12(B)(6) or Civ.R. 56; either way, it was
appropriate for the court to consider whether res judicata applies.
{¶ 6} Under the doctrine of res judicata, “a final judgment or decree
rendered on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction is a complete bar to any
subsequent action on the same claim between the same parties or those in privity
with them.” Brooks v. Kelly, 144 Ohio St. 3d 322, 2015-Ohio-2805, 43 N.E.3d 385,
¶ 7. Res judicata bars a successive habeas petition when the petitioner either raised
or could have raised the same issues in his first habeas action. Id. at ¶ 7-8. Given
that the claim Jones asserts here is identical to the one he asserted earlier, this case
presents a straightforward application of res judicata.
{¶ 7} But Jones contends that his first case cannot have preclusive effect for
two reasons. First, he says that the common pleas court was not a court of
competent jurisdiction, because he did not attach to his first petition documents that
were required under R.C. 2725.04 and 2969.25. Jones offers little support for this
argument. It is well settled that the requirements of R.C. 2725.04 and 2969.25 are
mandatory and that the failure to attach documents required under those statutes
mandates dismissal of a habeas petition. Pence v. Bunting, 143 Ohio St. 3d 532,
2015-Ohio-2026, 40 N.E.3d 1058, ¶ 6 (R.C. 2725.04); Russell v. Duffey, 142 Ohio
St.3d 320, 2015-Ohio-1358, 29 N.E.3d 978, ¶ 11 (R.C. 2969.25). But not every
mandatory requirement is jurisdictional in nature. Smith v. May, 159 Ohio St. 3d
106, 2020-Ohio-61, 148 N.E.3d 542, ¶ 31. Jones refers to a court of appeals that—
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without any analysis—stated that noncompliance with R.C. 2725.04 was a
“fail[ure] to properly invoke [its] jurisdiction,” Wilson v. Eberlin, 7th Dist. Belmont
No. 08 BE 9, 2008-Ohio-4320, ¶ 1. And he cites another decision in which a court
of appeals—again without any analysis—dismissed a complaint “for lack of
jurisdiction” based on an inmate’s a failure to satisfy R.C. 2969.25(C), State ex rel.
Armengau v. Ohio Dept. of Rehab. & Corr., 10th Dist. Franklin No. 15AP-1070,
2017-Ohio-368, ¶ 3, 13. Those undeveloped statements, however, are not enough
to show that the common pleas court lacked jurisdiction to adjudicate Jones’s first
habeas petition.
{¶ 8} Jones also contends that he could not have raised his claim previously
because he now relies on documents that the warden produced after the first case
was dismissed. But whether or not Jones now has additional evidence that he
believes supports his claim, the fact remains that he could—and did—assert the
same claim in an earlier action.
{¶ 9} We therefore affirm the Third District’s determination that Jones’s
claim is barred by res judicata.
Judgment affirmed.
O’CONNOR, C.J., and KENNEDY, FRENCH, FISCHER, DEWINE, and
STEWART, JJ., concur.
DONNELLY, J., dissents and would grant an alternative writ.
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Anthony Jones, pro se.
Dave Yost, Attorney General, and Maura O’Neill Jaite, Assistant Attorney
General, for appellee.
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