State v. Jordan

[Cite as State v. Jordan, 2011-Ohio-1203.]
COURT OF APPEALS
RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES:
:
: Hon. William B. Hoffman, P.J.
Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. Julie A. Edwards, J.
: Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, J.
-vs- :
: Case No. 2010 CA 0091
SCOTT ANTHONY JORDAN :
:
:
Defendant-Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Richland County Court of
Common Pleas, Case No. 2007 CR 0909 H
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: March 4, 2011
APPEARANCES:
For Appellant: For Appellee:
SCOTT A. JORDAN, #A544-804 JAMES J. MAYER, JR.
Marion Correctional Institution RICHLAND COUNTY PROSECUTOR
P.O. Box 57
Marion, OH 43301 BAMBI COUCH PAGE
38 S. Park St.
Mansfield, OH 44902
[Cite as State v. Jordan, 2011-Ohio-1203.]
Delaney, J.
{¶1} Defendant-Appellant Scott Anthony Jordan appeals the June 18, 2010
judgment entry of the Richland County Court of Common Pleas denying Appellant’s
motion to withdraw his guilty plea.
STATEMENT OF THE CASE1
{¶2} On November 11, 2007, the Richland County Grand Jury indicted
Appellant on two counts of kidnapping, one count of domestic violence, one count of
felonious assault, and one count of attempted murder.
{¶3} Appellant originally pleaded not guilty to the charges, but on May 2, 2008,
he entered a plea of guilty to the charge of felonious assault, a second degree felony in
violation of R.C. 2903.11(A)(2), in exchange for a recommended eight-year sentence
and dismissal of the remaining counts in the indictment. The Admission of
Guilt/Judgment Entry states, “Post-release control: If I am sentenced to prison, I have
five years post-release control.”
{¶4} After taking Appellant’s plea, the trial court immediately moved to
sentencing. The May 2, 2008 sentencing entry shows the trial court sentenced
Appellant to eight years in prison and imposed a five-year term of postrelease control
for Appellant’s conviction on a second degree felony. R.C. 2967.28(B)(2) mandates
that postrelease control for a second degree felony is mandatory for a period of three
years.
{¶5} Appellant filed a Notice of Appeal of his sentence on August 11, 2008.
This Court dismissed Appellant’s appeal for being untimely.
1
A statement of the underlying facts is unnecessary for the disposition of this appeal.
Richland County, Case No. 2010 CA 0091 3
{¶6} Appellant filed a second Notice of Appeal of his sentence on October 23,
2008. This Court denied Appellant’s motion for leave to file a delayed appeal.
{¶7} Appellant then filed a petition to vacate or set aside his sentence with the
trial court on November 21, 2008. Appellant argued the trial court erred in imposing the
maximum sentence. The trial court denied Appellant’s petition on July 7, 2009.
{¶8} On March 12, 2010, Appellant filed a motion to withdraw his guilty plea
pursuant to Crim.R. 32.1. Appellant argued he was entitled to withdraw his guilty plea
because the trial court erred when it imposed five years of postrelease control instead of
three years, therefore rendering his sentence void. Appellant simultaneously filed a
motion for new sentencing hearing pursuant to Ohio Supreme Court mandate in State v.
Singleton, 124 Ohio St.3d 173, 2009-Ohio-6434, 920 N.E.2d 958. The State
responded to Appellant’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea and also requested the trial
court conduct a resentencing hearing to correct Appellant’s postrelease control.
{¶9} The record shows the trial court did not hold a resentencing hearing
before denying Appellant’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea on June 18, 2010.
Appellant filed his Notice of Appeal of that decision on July 13, 2010.
ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR
{¶10} Appellant raises two Assignments of Error:
{¶11} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED TO THE PREJUDICE OF APPELLANT
BY ACCEPTING HIS GUILTY PLEA, AS APPELLANT’S PLEA WAS NOT
KNOWINGLY, INTELLIGENTLY, AND VOLUNTARILY ENTERED, AND WAS
THEREFORE OBTAINED IN VIOLATION OF APPELLANT’S DUE PROCESS RIGHTS
UNDER THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT TO THE UNITED STATES
Richland County, Case No. 2010 CA 0091 4
CONSTITUTION AND ARTICLE ONE, SECTION SIXTEEN OF THE CONSTITUTION
OF THE STATE OF OHIO.
{¶12} “II. APPELLANT WAS DENIED THE EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF
COUNSEL, THEREBY RENDERING HIS CONVICTION VOID UNDER THE SIXTH
AND FOURTEENTH AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION AND
ARTICLE ONE, SECTION TEN AND SIXTEEN OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE
STATE OF OHIO.”
I.
{¶13} Appellant argues in his first Assignment of Error that the trial court erred in
denying his motion to withdraw his guilty plea because he was not correctly informed of
postrelease control. He also argues that because his sentence is void, the motion to
withdraw should be considered a pre-sentence motion to withdraw. We disagree.
{¶14} Ohio Crim.R. 32.1 governs the withdrawal of guilty pleas and provides:
{¶15} “A motion to withdraw a plea of guilty or no contest may be made only
before sentence is imposed; but to correct manifest injustice the court after sentence
may set aside the judgment of conviction and permit the defendant to withdraw his or
her plea.”
{¶16} Our review of the trial court's decision under Crim.R. 32.1 is limited to a
determination of whether the trial court abused its discretion. State v. Caraballo (1985),
17 Ohio St.3d 66, 477 N.E.2d 627. In order to find an abuse of discretion, we must
determine the trial court's decision was unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable and
not merely an error of law or judgment. Blakemore v. Blakemore (1983), 5 Ohio St.3d
217, 450 N.E.2d 1140. “A motion made pursuant to Crim.R. 32.1 is addressed to the
Richland County, Case No. 2010 CA 0091 5
sound discretion of the trial court, and the good faith, credibility and weight of the
movant's assertions in support of the motion are matters to be resolved by that court.”
State v. Smith (1977), 49 Ohio St.2d 261, 361 N.E.2d 1324, paragraph two of the
syllabus. A hearing on a post-sentence motion to vacate a prior plea is not required
unless the facts as alleged by the defendant, if accepted as true, would require the plea
to be withdrawn. City of Uhrichsville v. Horne (Dec. 26, 1996), Tuscarawas App. No.
96AP090059 2001.
{¶17} The first issue is whether Appellant’s sentence is void, and therefore his
motion to withdraw his guilty plea should be considered a pre-sentence motion.
Appellant was sentenced after July 11, 2006. Accordingly, his sentence and the
imposition of postrelease control are subject to R.C. 2929.191. Prior to the
amendments to R.C. 2967.28 and the enactment of R.C. 2929.191 in July of 2006, no
statutory mechanism existed to correct a sentence that failed to comport with
requirements for the imposition of postrelease control. State v. Walker, 11th Dist. No.
2009-L-170, 2011-Ohio-401, ¶ 20 citing State v. Singleton, 124 Ohio St.3d 173, 2009-
Ohio-6434, at ¶ 22. The Ohio Supreme Court “determined such sentencing judgments
to be contrary to law, thereby rendering them subject to de novo sentencing.” Id.(citations omitted). “But with R.C. 2929.191, the General Assembly has now provided a
statutory remedy to correct a failure to properly impose postrelease control.” Id. at ¶ 23.
{¶18} By amending R.C. 2967.28 and enacting R.C. 2929.191, “[t]he General
Assembly has * * * adopted the position that sentences that lack mandatory postrelease
control are not void, because this mistake results from a court's error in exercising
Richland County, Case No. 2010 CA 0091 6
jurisdiction, rather than from a lack of its authority to sentence.” Singleton, 2009-Ohio-
6434, at ¶ 61
{¶19} Accordingly, under R.C. 2929.191, Appellant’s sentence in this case is not
void by the trial court’s failure to impose a mandatory three-year term of postrelease
control. Because Appellant’s sentence is not void, Appellant’s motion to withdraw his
guilty plea will not be considered a pre-sentence motion. It is therefore proper for the
trial court to review Appellant’s motion under the manifest injustice standard as found in
Crim.R. 32.1.
{¶20} A Crim.R. 32.1 motion is not a challenge to the validity of a conviction or
sentence, and instead only focuses on the plea. State v. Bush, 96 Ohio St.3d 235,
2002-Ohio-3993, 773 N.E.2d 522, at ¶ 13. Subsequent to the imposition of a sentence,
a trial court will only permit a defendant to withdraw his guilty plea in order to correct a
manifest injustice. Crim.R. 32.1. A defendant bears the burden of proving a manifest
injustice warranting the withdrawal of his guilty plea. State v. Smith (1977), 49 Ohio
St.2d 261, 3 O.O.3d 402, 361 N.E.2d 1324, paragraph one of the syllabus. “A manifest
injustice comprehends a fundamental flaw in the path of justice so extraordinary that the
defendant could not have sought redress from the resulting prejudice through any form
of application reasonably available to him.” State v. McQueen, 7th Dist. No. 08 MA 24,
2008-Ohio-6589, at ¶ 7. See, also, Smith, supra at 264, 361 N.E.2d 1324.
{¶21} Criminal Rule 11 governs the process of entering a plea. Crim.R. 11(C)
provides:
Richland County, Case No. 2010 CA 0091 7
{¶22} “(2) In felony cases the court may refuse to accept a plea of guilty or a
plea of no contest, and shall not accept a plea of guilty or no contest without first
addressing the defendant personally and doing all of the following:
{¶23} “(a) Determining that the defendant is making the plea voluntarily, with
understanding of the nature of the charges and of the maximum penalty involved, and, if
applicable, that the defendant is not eligible for probation or for the imposition of
community control sanctions at the sentencing hearing.”
{¶24} In State v. Fields, 5th Dist. No. CT2009-0057, 2010-Ohio-6233, this Court
analyzed the issue of whether a plea was knowing, voluntary, and intelligent when the
trial court notified the defendant that he would receive up to three years of postrelease
control, rather than a mandatory term of postrelease control. In finding the defendant’s
plea was valid, we cited to the Ohio Supreme Court case of State v. Clark, 119 Ohio
St.3d 239, 2008-Ohio-3748. Clark stated:
{¶25} “When a trial judge fails to explain the constitutional rights set forth in
Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(c), the guilty or no-contest plea is invalid ‘under a presumption that it
was entered involuntarily and unknowingly.’ Griggs, 103 Ohio St.3d 85, 2004-Ohio-
4415, 814 N.E.2d 51, ¶ 12; see also Nero, 56 Ohio St.3d 106, 107, 564 N.E.2d 474,
citing Boykin, 395 U.S. at 242-243, 89 S.Ct. 1709, 23 L.Ed.2d 274. However, if the trial
judge imperfectly explained nonconstitutional rights such as the right to be informed of
the maximum possible penalty and the effect of the plea, a substantial-compliance rule
applies. Id. Under this standard, a slight deviation from the text of the rule is
permissible; so long as the totality of the circumstances indicates that ‘the defendant
Richland County, Case No. 2010 CA 0091 8
subjectively understands the implications of his plea and the rights he is waiving,’ the
plea may be upheld. Nero, 56 Ohio St.3d at 108, 564 N.E.2d 474.
{¶26} “When the trial judge does not substantially comply with Crim.R. 11 in
regard to a nonconstitutional right, reviewing courts must determine whether the trial
court partially complied or failed to comply with the rule. If the trial judge partially
complied, e.g., by mentioning mandatory postrelease control without explaining it, the
plea may be vacated only if the defendant demonstrates a prejudicial effect. See Nero,
56 Ohio St.3d at 108, 564 N.E.2d 474, citing State v. Stewart (1977), 51 Ohio St.2d 86,
93, 5 O.O.3d 52, 364 N.E.2d 1163, and Crim.R. 52(A); see also Sarkozy, 117 Ohio
St.3d 86, 2008-Ohio-509, 881 N.E.2d 1224, ¶ 23. The test for prejudice is ‘whether the
plea would have otherwise been made.’ Nero at 108, 564 N.E.2d 474, citing Stewart,
Id. If the trial judge completely failed to comply with the rule, e.g., by not informing the
defendant of a mandatory period of postrelease control, the plea must be vacated. See
Sarkozy, 117 Ohio St.3d 86, 2008-Ohio-509, 881 N.E.2d, 1224, paragraph two of the
syllabus. ‘A complete failure to comply with the rule does not implicate an analysis of
prejudice.’ Id. at ¶ 22.” Clark, 119 Ohio St.3d 239, at ¶ 31-32.
{¶27} We find the trial court substantially complied with Crim.R. 11 regarding the
duration of postrelease control. First, Appellant has not submitted a transcript with this
appeal of his change of plea hearing. “When portions of the transcript necessary to
resolve issues are not part of the record, we must presume regularity in the trial court
proceedings and affirm. Knapp v. Edwards Laboratories (1980), 61 Ohio St.2d 197, 400
N.E.2d 384. Accordingly, we must presume regularity in Appellant’s plea colloquy.
Richland County, Case No. 2010 CA 0091 9
{¶28} Second, the Admission of Guilt/Judgment Entry states that if Appellant is
sentenced, Appellant “[has] five years post release control.” There is no limiting
statement in that entry that the five years postrelease control is discretionary. In
addition, because we do not have the transcript available to us, we do not know what
the trial court informed Appellant as to mandatory or discretionary nature of the
postrelease control during the plea colloquy. Pursuant to R.C. 2967.28(B)(2), Appellant
was subject to a mandatory term of three years of post release control. Appellant has
not shown any prejudice from the discrepancy between having five years of postrelease
control to a mandatory term of three years of postrelease control.
{¶29} Finally, the plea bargain in this case involved the dismissal of four counts
of a five-count indictment, including a charge of attempted murder. The parties agreed
in the plea bargain that the State would recommend a sentence of eight years.
Postrelease control was not part of the plea bargain as shown by the Admission of
Guilt/Judgment Entry that states, “[n]o promises have been made to me as part of this
plea agreement except that the State of Ohio is recommending that I be sentenced to
eight (8) years in prison.”
{¶30} Based on the above, we find the trial court did not abuse its discretion in
denying Appellant’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea because Appellant failed to meet
his burden to show that a manifest injustice occurred necessitating the withdrawal of his
guilty plea.
{¶31} We therefore overrule Appellant’s first Assignment of Error.
Richland County, Case No. 2010 CA 0091 10
II.
{¶32} Appellant argues in his second Assignment of Error that the failures of his
trial counsel to determine that the plea papers included correct terms of postrelease
control deprived him of his constitutional right to effective assistance of counsel. Based
on our findings above, we hereby overrule Appellant’s second Assignment of Error.
{¶33} The judgment of the Richland County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.
By: Delaney, J.
Hoffman, P.J. and
Edwards, J. concur.
HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY
HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS
[Cite as State v. Jordan, 2011-Ohio-1203.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO :
:
:
Plaintiff-Appellee :
:
-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
SCOTT ANTHONY JORDAN :
:
: Case No. 2010 CA 0091
Defendant-Appellant :
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Opinion on file, the judgment of the
Richland County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. Costs assessed to Appellant.
HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY
HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS