DocketNumber: Case No. 82865.
Judges: ANTHONY O. CALABRESE, JR., JUDGE.
Filed Date: 4/29/2004
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 7/6/2016
{¶ 1} The State of Ohio ("state") appeals from the decision of the trial court granting appellee Ted Brito's ("Brito") motion to suppress. Having reviewed the arguments of the parties and the pertinent law, we hereby affirm the trial court.
{¶ 3} The officers discovered that Brito had outstanding warrants and no operator's license. He was arrested and placed in the zone car. When an inventory search of his vehicle revealed a glass tube on the driver's seat, he was then advised that he was under arrest for a probable drug law violation. He was cited for operating a motor vehicle without a license, not wearing a seatbelt and impeding the flow of traffic. Later he was indicted for possession of cocaine in an amount less than five grams.1
{¶ 4} After the suppression hearing, the judge granted Brito's motion.
{¶ 6} Our standard of review with respect to motions to suppress is whether the trial court's findings are supported by competent, credible evidence. See State v. Winand (1996),
{¶ 7} In Terry, the United States Supreme Court held that a police officer may stop and investigate unusual behavior, even without probable cause to arrest, when he reasonably concludes that the individual is engaged in criminal activity. "In justifying a Terry-type intrusion, however, the police officer may not rely upon a mere hunch or an unparticularized suspicion."State v. Ford (1989),
{¶ 8} We find the trial judge's findings to be supported by competent, credible evidence. The hearing was on the record in open court and the judge indicated his reasons on the record before making his decision. In the case at bar, there were no signs posted prohibiting stopping for passenger drop-off at the site where the police first noted Brito's stopped vehicle.2 No one blew a horn or stopped for a long time behind it.3 In addition, there were no accidents as a result of the few cars moving around the stopped vehicle.4 Aside from the alleged impeding of traffic flow, Brito did not engage in any other traffic violations.5
{¶ 9} The police stopped the passenger who exited the car and questioned him before proceeding to drive on and later stop Brito. They did not stop him until after he had dropped off his passenger and driven several blocks. If the stop was primarily due to a traffic violation and not a pretext to search the driver and the vehicle, the police should have stopped Brito immediately to cite him. Instead, they allowed him to continue on while questioning the passenger. When such questioning of the prior passenger did not result in a criminal offense, they drove on and stopped Brito further down the road.
{¶ 10} This court is sensitive to the fact that the police are out in the community for a legitimate purpose and that traffic stops sometimes reveal larger criminal activity. It is the nature of law enforcement to conduct crime prevention in this manner. However, we must also be sensitive to the rights of the individuals. There is a constitutional right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures. If the reason the police stopped Brito was because of a traffic violation, they should have stopped and questioned him immediately after he engaged in the violation. Instead, they only stopped him after the questioning of his passenger yielded no criminal offenses. The police have the right to stop citizens when they engage in criminal activity; however, they do not have the right to continue stopping individuals until they obtain the result they are looking for.
{¶ 11} In the case at bar, the trial judge did not err in granting the motion to suppress. Even if the police had probable cause to stop the vehicle as a result of the alleged traffic violation, they should have immediately stopped the vehicle and cited the driver instead of questioning the passenger on the street. They did not obtain any evidence of a crime before continuing on in pursuit of the vehicle. We find the trial judge's granting of the motion to suppress not to be against the manifest weight of the evidence.
{¶ 12} The state's three assignments of error are overruled.
Judgment affirmed.
It is ordered that appellee recover of appellant his costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas to carry this judgment into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Kilbane, P.J., concurs; Colleen Conway Cooney, J., concurs injudgment only.