State v. Figgs

[Cite as State v. Figgs, 2016-Ohio-3519.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO : APPEAL NO. C-150361
TRIAL NO. B-1403618-D
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
vs. :
O P I N I O N.
ROLAND FIGGS, III, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
Criminal Appeal From: Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas
Judgment Appealed From Is: Affirmed in Part, Sentences Vacated in Part, and
Cause Remanded
Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: June 22, 2016
Joseph T. Deters, Hamilton County Prosecuting Attorney, and Scott M. Heenan,
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for Plaintiff-Appellee,
Timothy J. McKenna, for Defendant-Appellant.
OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
C UNNINGHAM , Judge.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Roland Figgs, III, appeals from his convictions
and sentences for the home-invasion robbery of Keyur Patel and his girlfriend
Stephanie Godsey, and for trafficking in marijuana. Figgs admitted to frequently
selling small amounts of marijuana. Angered by his belief that Patel had stolen
$2,000 from him, Figgs orchestrated the robbery of Patel and Godsey by
codefendants Shay Juan Brewster and Ronald Morgan.
{¶2} After a cookout at Patel’s home, Figgs stepped outside to make a call.
According to Figgs, he was accosted by two unknown men who forced him into
Patel’s home at gunpoint. Godsey later identified Brewster as one of the intruders.
Brewster and Morgan held everyone at gunpoint and took Patel’s pistol and safe
containing several hundred dollars, video games, phones, wallets, and Godsey’s
laptop computer. Ultimately Figgs told police investigators, and testified at trial,
that he had enlisted Brewster’s assistance, but only to confront Patel over the theft of
his currency. He denied any involvement in the armed robbery. Brewster
cooperated with authorities and testified at trial that Figgs had planned the entire
robbery. Brewster stated that Figgs had offered to expunge his $300 debt if Brewster
robbed Patel.
{¶3} The trial court found Figgs guilty of the aggravated robbery and
robbery of Patel, as alleged in Counts four and six of the indictment, and the
aggravated robbery and robbery of Godsey, as alleged in Counts three and five, as
well as firearm specifications for each aggravated-robbery offense. The court also
found Figgs guilty of trafficking in marijuana, as alleged in Count ten. The court
acquitted Figgs of additional counts of aggravated burglary and burglary.
{¶4} The trial court imposed a four-year prison term for each of the two
aggravated-robbery offenses. Despite the state’s recommendation at the sentencing
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
hearing, the court failed to merge the sentences for the remaining robbery offenses
with the sentences imposed for aggravated robbery. Instead it imposed four-year
prison terms for the two robbery offenses, and a ten-month prison term for
marijuana trafficking. The court ordered these sentences to be served concurrently.
The trial court also imposed two additional, three-year prison terms—one for each
accompanying firearm specification—to be served consecutively and prior to the
prison terms for the predicate aggravated-robbery offenses. The aggregate term was
ten years.
{¶5} In two interrelated assignments of error, Figgs challenges the weight
and sufficiency of the evidence adduced to support his convictions for aggravated
robbery and robbery. Figgs also argues that the state presented insufficient evidence
to establish venue for any of the offenses in Hamilton County, Ohio.
{¶6} Our review of the record fails to persuade us that the trial court, sitting
as the trier of fact, clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of
justice that the convictions must be reversed and a new trial ordered. See State v.
Thompkins, 78 Ohio St. 3d 380, 387, 678 N.E.2d 541 (1997). The trial court was entitled
to reject Figgs’ theory that, although he had admitted to police that he wanted to use
Brewster to confront Patel, he had not participated in the robbery of Patel and
Godsey.
{¶7} The state presented ample evidence, including messages taken from
Figgs’ cell phone and Brewster’s testimony, that Figgs had been in charge of planning
the robbery, had told Brewster that to clear a preexisting debt with Figgs, Brewster
could rob Patel, had instructed the two on how to gain access to the house and what
items to seize, had told Brewster to make it look as if Figgs had no role in the
robberies, and had told Brewster to bring a gun to the robbery. As the weight to be
given the evidence and the credibility of the witnesses were primarily for the trier of
fact to determine, the trial court, in resolving conflicts in the testimony, could
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
properly have found Figgs guilty of the charged crimes and thus did not lose its way.
See State v. DeHass, 10 Ohio St. 2d 230, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967), paragraph one of the
syllabus.
{¶8} The record also reflects substantial, credible evidence from which the
trial court could have reasonably concluded that the state had proved all elements of
the charged crimes beyond a reasonable doubt, and had proved that Figgs had
committed these offenses in Hamilton County, Ohio. See State v. Conway, 108 Ohio
St.3d 214, 2006-Ohio-791, 842 N.E.2d 996, ¶ 36; see also Jackson v. Virginia, 443
U.S. 307, 99 S. Ct. 2781, 61 L. Ed. 2d 560 (1979).
{¶9} While Figgs failed to raise the issue of venue in the trial court, the
failure to prove venue is plain error. See State v. Gardner, 42 Ohio App. 3d 157, 158,
536 N.E.2d 1187 (1st Dist.1987). But at trial, the state adduced both express and
circumstantial evidence from Patel that his home, the locus of the offenses, was
located at 2874 Montana Avenue, on the west side of Cincinnati, and that he
“believ[ed]” that the home was located in Hamilton County. In her direct
examination, Godsey expressly, and without equivocation, stated that the Montana
Avenue home was located in Hamilton County. Thus the record reflects substantial,
credible evidence from which the trial court could have reasonably concluded that
venue had been proved beyond a reasonable doubt. See State v. Gribble, 24 Ohio
St.2d 85, 263 N.E.2d 904 (1970), paragraph two of the syllabus. The first and second
assignments of error are overruled.
{¶10} In his final assignment of error, Figgs claims that the trial court should
have merged his sentences for robbery with the sentences for aggravated robbery as
allied offenses of similar import. He also argues that the two firearm specifications
should have merged with each other. Finally, he claims that a community-control
sanction would have more properly advanced the purposes and principles of felony
sentencing.
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
{¶11} Figgs first argues that his convictions for the robbery of Godsey and
Patel, alleged in Counts five and six, should have merged with the convictions
imposed for the aggravated robbery of each victim, in Counts three and four
respectively. Since, he contends, these offenses were committed neither separately
nor with a separate animus, the trial court violated the requirements of Ohio’s
multiple-counts statute, R.C. 2941.25, by convicting him for both offenses. See State
v. Ruff, 143 Ohio St. 3d 114, 2015-Ohio-995, 34 N.E.3d 892, paragraph one of the
syllabus.
{¶12} The state concedes, as it did at the sentencing hearing, that the trial
court should have afforded Figgs the protection of R.C. 2941.25 and imposed a single
conviction for the two offenses committed against each victim. See State v.
Anderson, 2012-Ohio-3347, 974 N.E.2d 1236, ¶ 41 (1st Dist.) (stating that the trial
court’s imposition of concurrent sentences is not the equivalent of merging allied
offenses and is not harmless). We agree, and we must vacate the enhanced sentences
imposed for Counts three and four, and the sentences imposed for Counts five and
six. The predicate felony offenses must be merged for purposes of sentencing
following the state’s election of which offenses should survive. See State v. Whitfield,
124 Ohio St. 3d 319, 2010-Ohio-2, 922 N.E.2d 182, paragraph two of the syllabus.
{¶13} Since we have vacated the sentences imposed for Counts three and
four, we need not reach Figgs’ next contention that the trial court should also have
merged the firearm specifications accompanying each aggravated-robbery offense.
{¶14} Finally, Figgs argues that a community-control sanction would have
more properly advanced the purposes and principles of felony sentencing. Having
vacated the sentences imposed for the aggravated-robbery and robbery offenses, we
review his contention only as to the ten-month prison term imposed for the
marijuana-trafficking offense.
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
{¶15} The sentence imposed is within the permissible statutory range for
fifth-degree felonies. See R.C. 2929.14(A)(5). From our review of the record, and
from the trial court’s remarks at the sentencing hearing, it is abundantly clear that
the court considered the purposes and principles of felony sentencing and the factors
relating to the need to impose a prison term. See State v. Alexander, 1st Dist.
Hamilton Nos. C-110828 and C-110829, 2012-Ohio-3349, ¶ 23-24. We do not find
that the imposition of a prison term for the marijuana-trafficking offense was clearly
and convincingly contrary to law. See R.C. 2953.08(G)(2); see also State v. White,
2013-Ohio-4225, 997 N.E.2d 629, ¶ 14 (1st Dist.). Therefore, the third assignment of
error is sustained in part, and overruled in part.
{¶16} Because, as the state concedes, the trial court violated R.C. 2941.25
when it convicted and sentenced Figgs for both an aggravated-robbery offense and a
robbery offense as to each victim, we vacate the enhanced sentences imposed for
Counts three and four, and the sentences imposed for Counts five and six, and
remand the cause for resentencing. In all other respects, we affirm the trial court’s
judgment.
Judgment accordingly.
HENDON, P.J., and DEWINE, J., concur.
Please note:
The court has recorded its own entry on the date of the release of this opinion.
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