State v. Frederick

[Cite as State v. Frederick, 2019-Ohio-3532.]
STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
)ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
COUNTY OF WAYNE )
STATE OF OHIO C.A. No. 18AP0041
Appellee
v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT
ENTERED IN THE
ANTHONY FREDERICK WAYNE COUNTY MUNICIPAL COURT
COUNTY OF WAYNE, OHIO
Appellant CASE No. 2018 TR-D 5020
DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY
Dated: September 3, 2019
CARR, Judge.
{¶1} Appellant, Anthony Frederick, appeals the judgment of the Wayne County
Municipal Court. This Court affirms.
I.
{¶2} This matter arises out of a traffic stop that occurred in Wooster, Ohio, on May 22,
2018. As a result of the stop, Frederick was charged with driving under a 12-point suspension in
violation of R.C. 4510.037(J) and driving under a Financial Responsibility Act (“FRA”)
suspension in violation of R.C. 4510.16. The State amended the charge of driving under a 12-
point suspension to failure to reinstate a license in violation of R.C. 4510.21. Frederick pleaded
not guilty to the charges at arraignment.
{¶3} The matter proceeded to a bench trial. Frederick invoked his right to self-
representation. The trial court found Frederick guilty of driving under an FRA suspension. The
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charge of failure to reinstate a license was dismissed. The trial court imposed upon Frederick a
$250 fine and assessed two points to his license.
{¶4} On appeal, Frederick raises two assignments of error.
II.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR I
THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN CONVICTING DEFENDANT FOR DRIVING
UNDER FRA SUSPENSION BECAUSE THE EVIDENCE WAS
INSUFFICIENT TO SUSTAIN A FINDING OF GUILT.
{¶5} In his first assignment of error, Frederick contends that the State failed to present
sufficient evidence to convict him of driving under an FRA suspension. This Court disagrees.
{¶6} When reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, this Court must review the
evidence in a light most favorable to the prosecution to determine whether the evidence before
the trial court was sufficient to sustain a conviction. State v. Jenks, 61 Ohio St. 3d 259, 279
(1991).
An appellate court’s function when reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence to
support a criminal conviction is to examine the evidence admitted at trial to
determine whether such evidence, if believed, would convince the average mind
of the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. The relevant inquiry is
whether, after viewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the prosecution,
any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime
proven beyond a reasonable doubt.
Id. at paragraph two of the syllabus.
{¶7} Frederick was convicted of driving under an FRA suspension in violation of R.C.
4510.16. R.C. 4510.16(A) states, in part:
No person, whose driver’s or commercial driver’s license or temporary instruction
permit or nonresident’s operating privilege has been suspended or canceled
pursuant to Chapter 4509. of the Revised Code, shall operate any motor vehicle
within this state, or knowingly permit any motor vehicle owned by the person to
be operated by another person in the state, during the period of suspension or
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cancellation, except as specifically authorized by Chapter 4509. of the Revised
Code.
{¶8} In support of his assignment of error, Frederick contends that the State failed to
demonstrate that he was under an FRA suspension at the time he was pulled over on May 22,
2018. Frederick suggests that the responding officer in this case conducted an improper
investigation into his driving record. Frederick further maintains that the officer’s testimony
regarding the information in the LEADS system was unreliable.
{¶9} At trial, the State presented evidence that supported the following narrative. On
the afternoon of May 22, 2018, Frederick contacted the Wayne County Sheriff’s Office in order
to file a complaint against a representative from a bail bond agency who allegedly appeared at
Frederick’s residence and disturbed his family. Deputy Robert Ecker, along with his shift
supervisor, responded to Frederick’s residence located on Friendsville Rd. in Wooster. Deputy
Ecker searched for Frederick in the LEADS system in order to obtain details for the purposes of
making a report. The search of the LEADS system revealed that Frederick’s driver’s license was
under suspension. After meeting with Frederick regarding his complaint, Deputy Ecker returned
to his vehicle and prepared to leave. At that time, Deputy Ecker observed Frederick get into the
driver’s seat of a white van. Deputy Ecker warned Frederick not to drive because his license was
suspended. Shortly after pulling away, Deputy Ecker observed the white van drive onto the
roadway and proceed north on Friendsville Rd. before turning onto Armstrong Rd. Deputy
Ecker initiated a traffic stop and confirmed that Frederick was driving the van. At trial, the State
presented a certified copy of Frederick’s driving record from the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles
showing that Frederick was under an FRA suspension on the date of the incident.
{¶10} In light of the aforementioned evidence, Frederick’s assignment of error is
without merit. As an initial matter, while Frederick hints that Deputy Ecker should not have
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been permitted to testify regarding his knowledge of Frederick’s driving record and the basis for
stopping Frederick’s vehicle, we are mindful that this Court must consider all of the evidence
presented by the State at trial in resolving a sufficiency challenge. State v. Freitag, 185 Ohio
App.3d 580, 2009-Ohio-6370, ¶ 9 (9th Dist.), citing State v. Brewer, 121 Ohio St. 3d 202, 2009-
Ohio-593, ¶ 17. Furthermore, although Frederick contends that Deputy Ecker’s testimony
regarding the information in the LEADS system was unreliable, this Court must construe the
evidence in the light most favorable to the State when analyzing the sufficiency of the evidence.
Jenks, 61 Ohio St. 3d at 279. The evidence at trial showed that Deputy Ecker initiated the traffic
stop of Frederick’s van soon after learning that Frederick’s license was suspended. In addition to
Deputy Ecker’s testimony about the LEADS information, the State presented a certified copy of
Frederick’s driving record that showed he was under an FRA suspension on the date of the
incident. It follows that Frederick cannot prevail on his claim that the State failed to demonstrate
that he was under an FRA suspension at the time of the stop.
{¶11} The first assignment of error is overruled.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR II
THE COURT IMPROPERLY SUSTAINED THE STATE’S OBJECTION
PROHIBITING THE DEFENDANT FROM CROSS[-EXAMINING] THE
POLICE OFFICER AS TO HIS OPINION AS TO THE ACCURACY OF THE
LEADS INFORMATION HE RECEIVED ABOUT DEFENDANT[.]
{¶12} In his second assignment of error, Frederick contends that the trial court abused
its discretion when it sustained the State’s objection to a question regarding Deputy Ecker’s
knowledge of the reliability of the LEADS system. This Court disagrees.
{¶13} A determination concerning the admission or exclusion of evidence rests soundly
within the discretion of the trial court. State v. McKinney, 9th Dist. Medina No. 3207-M, 2002
WL 22893, *3. An abuse of discretion is more than an error of judgment; it means that the trial
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court was unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable in its ruling. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5
Ohio St. 3d 217, 219 (1983).
{¶14} On direct examination, Deputy Ecker testified that he searched for Frederick in
the LEADS system while preparing his report on the complaint involving the bail bond agency.
At that time, Deputy Ecker learned that Frederick’s driver’s license was suspended. On cross-
examination, Frederick again inquired of Detective Ecker why he ran a LEADS search for
Frederick’s name. Deputy Ecker responded, “As I stated earlier, Mr. Frederick, when you called
us for a call for service with the Sheriff’s Office I checked your information so I could enter it
into my report for the call investigating the bail[] bond complaint that you had.” After several
additional questions about the process of creating the report, Frederick asked, “Now how reliable
do you think that this LEADS report is?” The State objected on the basis that the court had not
heard any testimony regarding whether Deputy Ecker “ha[d] any expertise as to the reliability of
the system.” The trial court sustained the objection “for [a] lack of foundation.”
{¶15} In support of his assignment of error, Frederick maintains that the trial court
erroneously sustained the State’s objection because he merely sought Officer Frederick’s
personal assessment, based on his experience, regarding the reliability of the LEADS system.
Frederick contends that the question did not seek to elicit expert testimony as governed by
Evid.R. 702.
{¶16} Frederick’s argument is without merit. Even assuming arguendo that Frederick’s
question was not aimed at eliciting an expert opinion pursuant to Evid.R. 702, Frederick still
failed to establish a foundation that Deputy Ecker had personal knowledge regarding the
reliability of the LEADS system. See Evid.R. 602. Although Deputy Ecker indicated that he had
used the system during his career in law enforcement, nothing in his testimony showed that he
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had personal knowledge of the accuracy or reliability of the system. Moreover, while Frederick
suggests that he was “materially prejudiced” when the trial court sustained the State’s objection,
the State presented certified copies of his driving record demonstrating that Frederick’ license
was, in fact, suspended at the time of the incident. Under these circumstances, this Court cannot
say that the trial court abused its discretion when it sustained the State’s objection.
{¶17} The second assignment of error is overruled.
III.
{¶18} Frederick’s assignments of error are overruled. The judgment of the Wayne
County Municipal Court is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.
There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Wayne County
Municipal Court, County of Wayne, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A
certified copy of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of
judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the
period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is
instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the
mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.
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Costs taxed to Appellant.
DONNA J. CARR
FOR THE COURT
TEODOSIO, P. J.
CALLAHAN, J.
CONCUR.
APPEARANCES:
WESLEY A. JOHNSTON, Attorney at Law, for Appellant.
DANIEL R. LUTZ, Prosecuting Attorney, and ANDREA D. UHLER, Assistant Prosecuting
Attorney, for Appellee.