State v. Wilson

[Cite as State v. Wilson, 2012-Ohio-4153.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio
EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
No. 97657
STATE OF OHIO
PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
ERIC WILSON
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT:
AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED
IN PART, AND REMANDED
Criminal Appeal from the
Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
Case Nos. CR-547774, CR-550742, and CR-554517
BEFORE: Cooney, J., Stewart, P.J., and S. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: September 13, 2012
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Joseph Vincent Pagano
P.O. Box 16869
Rocky River, Ohio 44116
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
William D. Mason
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor
By: Scott Zarzycki
Assistant County Prosecutor
9th Floor, Justice Center
1200 Ontario Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
COLLEEN CONWAY COONEY, J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Eric Wilson (“Wilson”), appeals his convictions and
sentences for sexual battery, attempted rape, and failure to provide notice of a change of
address. Finding some merit to the appeal, we affirm in part, reverse in part, and vacate
one of Wilson’s convictions.
{¶2} This appeal involves convictions and sentences in three separate criminal
cases. In CR-547774, Wilson was charged with failure to provide a notice of change of
address in violation of R.C. 2950.05(F)(1), a provision contained in Ohio’s Adam Walsh
Act (“AWA”). Wilson pled guilty to attempted failure to provide notice of change of
address and agreed to reimburse the State for extradition costs of $332.50. The charge in
this indictment was predicated on Wilson’s 2002 attempted rape conviction for which he
was classified a sexually oriented offender under Megan’s Law.
{¶3} In CR-550742, Wilson was charged with 11 counts of rape of a child under
13 years of age, and nine counts of kidnapping with sexual motivation and sexually
violent predator specifications. He pled guilty to one count of sexual battery pursuant to
R.C. 2907.03(A)(1). The State nolled all remaining counts and the sexually violent
predator specifications.
{¶4} In CR-554517, Wilson was charged with five counts of kidnapping, five
counts of gross sexual imposition (“GSI”), and five counts of rape of a child under 13
years of age. The kidnapping charges included sexual motivation and sexually violent
predator specifications. The rape and GSI charges also included sexually violent
predator specifications. Wilson pled guilty to attempted rape pursuant to R.C.
2907.02(A)(1)(b) and 2923.02. The State nolled all the specifications and remaining
counts. The court classified him a Tier III sex offender under the AWA.
{¶5} Prior to sentencing, the court referred Wilson to the psychiatric clinic and
probation department for testing and reports. In November 2011, the court sentenced
Wilson to the maximum prison term of eight years for attempted rape, the maximum
prison term of five years for sexual battery, and the maximum of three years in prison for
failure to provide notice of change of address. The court ordered him to serve each
sentence consecutively for an aggregate 16-year prison term. Wilson now appeals,
raising two assignments of error.
Failure to Notify of Change of Address
{¶6} In his first assignment of error, Wilson argues his failure to provide notice
of change of address conviction in CR-547774 must be vacated because it was based on
an unlawful application of the AWA. He contends the State unlawfully charged him
with violating the reporting provisions of the AWA when the predicate offense subjected
him to reporting requirements under Megan’s Law. We agree.
{¶7} We recently addressed this issue in State v. Brunning, 8th Dist. No. 95376,
2011-Ohio-1936, which is currently pending in the Ohio Supreme Court.1 In Brunning,
Oral argument was heard on April 25, 2012, but no decision has been released.
1
the defendant, who had the duty to register under Megan’s Law, was charged with failure
to notify the sheriff of a change of address in violation of the Adam Walsh Act (“AWA”).
We held that Brunning’s conviction, which arose from reporting violations under the
AWA, is contrary to law. Id. at ¶ 11. In reaching this conclusion, we noted that the
Ohio Supreme Court held that reclassification under the AWA is unconstitutional if
offenders had a duty to report from a prior court order under Megan’s Law. State v.
Bodyke, 126 Ohio St.3d 266, 2010-Ohio-2424, 933 N.E.2d 753, ¶ 22. Therefore, “any
report violation based on an AWA registration requirement that is inapplicable to the
defendant is unlawful.” Brunning at ¶ 8, citing State v. Gingell, 128 Ohio St.3d 444,
2011-Ohio-1481, 946 N.E.2d 192 (reversing defendant’s conviction for failing to verify
residency under the heightened AWA standards). Therefore, because Wilson’s failure to
provide notice of change of address conviction is based on a violation of AWA
registration requirements, it is unlawful and must be vacated.
{¶8} Accordingly, the first assignment of error is sustained.
Sentencing
{¶9} In his second assignment of error, Wilson argues the trial court erred in
imposing maximum consecutive sentences. He contends the trial court failed to make
the statutory findings required for maximum sentences and that the maximum consecutive
sentences are disproportionate to sentences imposed on similar offenders. We disagree.
{¶10} A felony sentence should be reasonably calculated to achieve the purposes
of sentencing, which are to protect the public from future crimes by the offender and to
punish the offender. R.C. 2929.11. The sentence should also be commensurate with the
seriousness of the offender’s conduct, recognize the impact on the victim, and be
consistent with sentences imposed for similar crimes committed by similar offenders. Id.An appellate court should not, however, substitute its judgment for that of the trial court
because the trial court is “clearly in the better position to judge the defendant’s
dangerousness and to ascertain the effect of the crimes on the victims.” State v. Jones,
93 Ohio St.3d 391, 400, 2001-Ohio-1341, 754 N.E.2d 1252.
{¶11} The Ohio Supreme Court has identified a two-step process for appellate
review of felony sentences. State v. Kalish, 120 Ohio St.3d 23, 2008-Ohio-4912, 896
N.E.2d 124, ¶ 14. First, we must determine whether the prison sentences were contrary
to law. Kalish at ¶ 14. If the sentences were not contrary to law, we must review them
to determine whether the trial court abused its discretion in selecting sentences within the
range permitted by statute. Id. at ¶ 17.
{¶12} With respect to consecutive sentences, R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) provides:
(4) If multiple prison terms are imposed on an offender for convictions of
multiple offenses, the court may require the offender to serve the prison
terms consecutively if the court finds that the consecutive service is
necessary to protect the public from future crime or to punish the offender
and that consecutive sentences are not disproportionate to the seriousness of
the offender’s conduct and to the danger the offender poses to the public,
and if the court also finds any of the following:
(a) The offender committed one or more of the multiple offenses while the
offender was awaiting trial or sentencing, was under a sanction imposed
pursuant to section 2929.16, 2929.17, or 2929.18 of the Revised Code, or
was under post-release control for a prior offense.
(b) At least two of the multiple offenses were committed as part of one or
more courses of conduct, and the harm caused by two or more of the
multiple offenses so committed was so great or unusual that no single
prison term for any of the offenses committed as part of any of the courses
of conduct adequately reflects the seriousness of the offender’s conduct.
(c) The offender’s history of criminal conduct demonstrates that
consecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from future crime
by the offender.
{¶13} Under R.C. 2929.14(C)(4), the trial court must state its findings in support
of consecutive sentences on the record at the sentencing hearing. State v. Comer, 99
Ohio St.3d 463, 2003-Ohio-4165, 793 N.E.2d 473, paragraph one of the syllabus.
However, it is not required to recite any “magic” or “talismanic” words when imposing
consecutive sentences provided it is “clear from the record that the trial court engaged in
the appropriate analysis.” State v. Murrin, 8th Dist. No. 83714, 2004-Ohio-3962, ¶ 12.
An appellate court may only sustain an assignment of error challenging the imposition of
consecutive sentences under R.C. 2929.14 if the appellant shows that the judgment was
clearly and convincingly contrary to law. R.C. 2953.08(G).
{¶14} The trial court articulated the appropriate findings required by R.C.
2929.14(C)(4) and considered the purposes of felony sentencing set forth in R.C.
2929.11. The trial court found that the harm caused by the multiple offenses was so great
that no single prison term would adequately reflect the seriousness of Wilson’s conduct.
The trial court stated, “In case number 554517, the maximum term of incarceration of
eight years, this court feels is not sufficient to cover all the crimes committed by this
gentleman represented by three separate file jackets.” The court stated it believed that
maximum consecutive sentences were necessary to punish Wilson and to protect the
public from future crime “given his history and his danger to child victims.” The court
noted that it considered test results in a mitigation report indicating that Wilson had a
high risk for recidivism. Thus, the trial court made the necessary statutory findings to
impose maximum, consecutive sentences.
{¶15} Wilson also argues the consecutive prison sentence is disproportionate to
sentences imposed on similarly situated offenders. However, he never raised this issue at
sentencing nor did he ask the court to conduct a proportionality review. This court has
held that “in order to support a contention that his or her sentence is disproportionate, a
defendant must raise this issue before the trial court and present some evidence, however
minimal, in order to provide a starting point for analysis and to preserve the issue for
appeal.” State v. Mitchell, 8th Dist. No. 96916, 2012-Ohio-701, citing State v. Breeden,
8th Dist. No. 84663, 2005-Ohio-510, ¶ 80, citing State v. Woods, 8th Dist. No. 82789,
2004-Ohio-2700. Because Wilson did not raise this issue or present any evidence to the
trial court, there is nothing in the record to indicate that his sentence is impermissibly
disproportionate.
{¶16} Therefore, the second assignment of error is overruled.
{¶17} Judgment is affirmed in part and reversed in part. Case No. CR-547774 is
remanded for the trial court to vacate the conviction for Wilson’s failure to provide notice
of change of address consistent with Brunning.
It is ordered that appellant and appellee share the costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common
pleas court to carry this judgment into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of
the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
______________________________________________
COLLEEN CONWAY COONEY, JUDGE
MELODY J. STEWART, P.J., and
SEAN C. GALLAGHER, J., CONCUR