State v. Drummonds

[Cite as State v. Drummonds, 2011-Ohio-5915.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO, : APPEAL NO. C-110011
TRIAL NO. B-1002197
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
O P I N I O N.
vs. :
ANDRE DRUMMONDS, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
Criminal Appeal From: Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas
Judgment Appealed From Is: Affirmed
Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: November 18, 2011
Joseph T. Deters, Hamilton County Prosecuting Attorney, and Scott M. Heenan,
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for Plaintiff-Appellee,
J. Thomas Hodges, for Defendant-Appellant.
Please note: This case has been removed from the accelerated calendar.
OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
D INKELACKER , Presiding Judge.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Andre Drummonds appeals from two
convictions for rape under R.C. 2907.02(A)(1)(b). We find no merit in his sole
assignment of error, and we affirm the trial court’s judgment.
{¶2} The record shows that Drummonds was originally indicted on two
counts of rape and two counts of gross sexual imposition. All four counts involved the
same victim and occurred on the same day. Drummonds eventually pleaded guilty to
the two rape counts, and the state dismissed the two counts of gross sexual imposition.
The trial court sentenced him to eight years’ imprisonment on each count, to be served
consecutively. This appeal followed.
{¶3} In his sole assignment of error, Drummonds contends that the trial court
improperly convicted him of both counts of rape. He argues that they were allied
offenses of similar import that were not committed separately or with a separate animus
as to each. This assignment of error is not well taken.
{¶4} First, the state argues that Drummonds waived the issue by failing to
raise it in the trial court. This argument is incorrect. The Ohio Supreme Court has held
that the imposition of multiple sentences for allied offenses of similar import is plain
error. State v. Underwood, 124 Ohio St.3d 365, 2010-Ohio-1, 922 N.E.2d 923, ¶31;
State v. Evans, 1st Dist. No. C-100028, 2011-Ohio-2356, ¶5.
{¶5} Under R.C. 2941.25, a trial court, in a single proceeding, may convict and
sentence a defendant for two or more offenses if the offenses (1) are not allied offenses of
similar import, (2) were committed separately or (3) were committed with a separate
animus as to each offense. Evans, supra, at ¶6. “Thus, for a court to merge multiple
findings of guilt into one conviction, the defendant must have committed allied offenses
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
of similar import both together and with the same animus.” State v. Shields, 1st Dist.
No. C-100362, 2011-Ohio-1912, ¶15.
{¶6} In State v. Johnson, 128 Ohio St.3d 153, 2010-Ohio-6314, 942 N.E.2d
1061, the Ohio Supreme Court changed the analysis that courts are to apply in allied-
offense cases. State v. Lanier, 192 Ohio App.3d 762, 2011-Ohio-898, 950 N.E.2d 600,
¶9. It specifically overruled State v. Rance, 85 Ohio St.3d 632, 1999-Ohio-291, 710
N.E.2d 699. Johnson, supra, syllabus; Lanier, supra, ¶9. After Johnson, we look to the
evidence and, “if that evidence reveals that the state relied upon the ‘same conduct’ to
prove the two offenses, and that the offenses were committed neither separately nor
with a separate animus to each, then the defendant is afforded the protections of R.C.
2941.25, and the trial court errs by imposing separate sentences for the offenses.” State
v. Strong, 1st Dist. Nos. C-100484 and C-100486, 2011-Ohio-4947, ¶67, quoting State v.
Mackey, 1st Dist. Nos. C-100311, C-100312, C-100313, and C-100314, 2011-Ohio-2529,
¶16.
{¶7} Drummonds argues that the record does not demonstrate that the two
counts of rape were committed separately or with a separate animus as to each. One
count involved digital penetration of the victim’s vagina and the other involved
cunnilingus.
{¶8} This court has held, post Johnson, that two counts of rape involving
different types of sexual activity, vaginal intercourse and digital penetration, were
committed separately. We stated, “The evidence demonstrated that the vaginal
intercourse and the digital penetration involved distinct, different kinds of sexual
activity. Thus, they were separate offenses for merger purposes, even though they were
committed in the course of the same sexual encounter. Because these offenses involved
different, distinct types of sexual activity, they each constituted a separate crime, and
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OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
their merger is not required by R.C. 2941.25(B).” Strong, supra, at ¶71. Accord State v.
Gonzalez, 193 Ohio App.3d 385, 2011-Ohio-1542, 952 N.E.2d 502, ¶52; State v.
Williams, 8th Dist. No. 94616, 2011-Ohio-925, ¶60. Courts, including this one, had
reached the same result in pre-Rance cases, as well. See State v. Nicholas (1993), 66
Ohio St.3d 431, 434-435, 613 N.E.2d 225; State v. Gowdy (June 26, 1998), 1st Dist. No.
C-970359, reversed on other grounds, 88 Ohio St.3d 387, 2000-Ohio-355, 727 N.E.2d
579.
{¶9} In this case, even though no trial had occurred and Drummonds had
pleaded guilty to the two counts of rape, the record shows that the counts involved two
distinct types of sexual activity. Therefore, the two offenses were separate, and the trial
court did not err in failing to merge them for sentencing. We overrule Drummonds’s
assignment of error and affirm his convictions.
Judgment affirmed.
H ILDEBRANDT and H ENDON , JJ., concur.
Please Note:
The court has recorded its own entry this date.
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