In re M.O.

[Cite as In re M.O., 2014-Ohio-3060.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR MONTGOMERY COUNTY, OHIO
IN RE: M.O. and E.O., III :
: C.A. CASE NO. 25965
: T.C. NO. 2009-4636
2009-4637
:
(Civil appeal from Common
Pleas Court, Juvenile
Division)
:
:
..........
OPINION
Rendered on the 11th day of July, 2014.
..........
MICHELLE D. PHIPPS, Atty. Reg. No. 0069829, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, 301 W.
Third Street, 5th Floor, Dayton, Ohio 45422
Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellant
ELIZABETH C. SCOTT, Atty. Reg. No. 0076045, 120 W. Second Street, Suite 603,
Dayton, Ohio 45402
Attorney for Appellee Father
CHRISTY N. OAKES, Atty. Reg. No. 0081401, 2312 Far Hills Avenue, #143, Dayton, Ohio
45419
Attorney for Appellee Mother
JENNIFER S. GETTY, Atty. Reg. No. 0074317, 46 E. Franklin Street, Centerville, Ohio
45459
Guardian Ad Litem
..........
FROELICH, P.J.
{¶ 1} Montgomery County Children Services (MCCS) appeals from a
judgment of the Montgomery County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, which
denied MCCS’s motion requesting that legal custody of M.O. and E.O. be granted to their
paternal grandparents or, in the alternative, that legal custody be granted to Mother with
protective supervision by the agency; instead, the court continued MCCS’s temporary
custody of the children.
{¶ 2} For the following reasons, the judgment of the trial court will be reversed,
and the matter will be remanded for further consideration.
{¶ 3} The two children, currently ages 10 and 8, were adjudicated dependent in
July 2009. From September 2009 until August 2010, legal custody of the children was
returned to Mother, with protective supervision by MCCS.
{¶ 4} In August 2010, Mother was arrested and charged with child endangering,
and the children were placed with their maternal grandmother under a safety plan. Mother
was convicted in September 2010, and was placed on community control. Pursuant to the
safety plan, Mother was not to have unsupervised contact with the children. However, in
February 2011, MCCS learned that the maternal grandmother had been allowing Mother to
have unsupervised contact with the children. Also in February 2011, Mother gave birth to
another child, whose custody is not at issue in this case. Based on these events, MCCS filed
a motion for interim temporary custody of M.O. and E.O, which was granted on February
14, 2011.
{¶ 5} In March 2011, Mother filed a motion for legal custody, and the guardian ad
3
litem filed a motion that interim custody of the children be given to a maternal cousin.
MCCS also filed a motion requesting that temporary custody be granted to MCCS or to the
paternal grandparents. On July 21, 2011, the trial court granted temporary custody of
M.O. and E.O. to their paternal grandparents.
{¶ 6} In January 2012, MCCS moved for the first extension of temporary custody
to the paternal grandparents or, in the alternative, to MCCS. The trial court granted the
extension of temporary custody to the grandparents. In June 2012, MCCS filed a motion
for a second extension of temporary custody, which was granted by the court in August
2012.
{¶ 7} In January 2013, MCCS filed a motion to grant legal custody of M.O. and
E.O. to their paternal grandparents or, in the alternative, to grant legal custody to Mother
with protective supervision by MCCS. Father also filed a motion that custody be granted to
the paternal grandparents. In September 2013, the trial court found that it was in the best
interests of the children to continue temporary custody with the paternal grandparents, with
further review by the court to occur in March 2014.
{¶ 8} MCCS appeals from the trial court’s September 2013 decision, which
continued temporary custody of M.O. and E.O. and implicitly denied its motion that
permanent legal custody be determined. Its assignment of error states:
The trial court violated R.C. 2151.415(D)(4) when it granted a third
extension of temporary custody to the paternal grandparents.
{¶ 9} MCCS contends that R.C. 2151.415 and R.C. 2151.353 precluded the trial
court from ordering a third extension of temporary custody in this case.
4
{¶ 10} R.C. 2151.353, related to the disposition of a dependent child, states:
(F) Any temporary custody order issued pursuant to division (A) of this
section shall terminate one year after the earlier of the date on which the
complaint in the case was filed or the child was first placed into shelter care,
except that, upon the filing of a motion pursuant to section 2151.415 of the
Revised Code, the temporary custody order shall continue and not terminate
until the court issues a dispositional order under that section. In resolving
the motion, the court shall not order an existing temporary custody order to
continue beyond two years after the date on which the complaint was filed or
the child was first placed into shelter care, whichever date is earlier,
regardless of whether any extensions have been previously ordered pursuant
to division (D) of section 2151.415 of the Revised Code.
{¶ 11} R.C. 2151.415(D) provides that a court may extend the temporary custody
order of a child for an additional period of up to six months if it determines at the hearing, by
clear and convincing evidence, that the additional extension is in the best interest of the
child, that there has been substantial additional progress since the original extension of
temporary custody in the case plan of the child, that there has been substantial additional
progress since the original extension of temporary custody toward reunifying the child with
one of the parents or otherwise permanently placing the child, and that there is reasonable
cause to believe that the child will be reunified with one of the parents or otherwise placed in
a permanent setting before the expiration of the additional extension period. However, R.C.
2151.415(D)(4) limits this provision, as follows:
[Cite as In re M.O., 2014-Ohio-3060.]
No court shall grant an agency more than two extensions of temporary
custody pursuant to division (D) of this section and the court shall not order
an existing temporary custody order to continue beyond two years after the
date on which the complaint was filed or the child was first placed into
shelter care, whichever date is earlier, regardless of whether any extensions
have been previously ordered pursuant to division (D) of this section.
{¶ 12} MCCS asserts that temporary custody of M.O. and E.O. began in July 2011,
when the trial court granted temporary custody to the paternal grandparents.1 The trial court
granted six-month extensions in January and August, 2012. Thus, MCCS contends that the
additional extension granted by the trial court in September 2013 was impermissible under
both R.C. 2151.415(D) and R.C. 2151.353(F).
{¶ 13} We previously addressed this issue in In re D.J., 2d Dist. Montgomery No.
21666, 2006-Ohio-6304. In In re D.J., we held that the use of the word “shall” in R.C.
2151.415(D)(4) “‘denotes that compliance with the commands of the statute is mandatory.’ *
* * Thus, we conclude that the statute clearly limits a grant of temporary custody to a period
of two years – an initial period of one year, followed by up to two extensions of six months
each.” Id. at ¶ 13, quoting Dept. of Liquor Control v. Sons of Italy Lodge 0917, 65 Ohio
St.3d 532, 534, 605 N.E.2d 368 (1992). We also found that the language of R.C. 2151.353
1
R.C. 2151.415(D)(4) calculates the two-year period from “the date on which the complaint was filed or the child was
first placed into shelter care.” Similar language is contained in R.C. 2151.353(G)(1). “Shelter care” is defined as “the temporary
care of children in physically unrestricted facilities, pending court adjudication or disposition.” Juv.R. 2(MM). Although
M.O. and E.O. were arguably placed in shelter care earlier than July 2011, they also returned to their mother’s care under
protective supervision for a significant period of time, and periods of protective supervision are addressed separately under the
statutes. For purposes of this case, we accept MCCS’s assertion that its temporary custody of the children began in July 2011 and
that the limitations set forth in R.C. 2151.415(D)(4) and R.C. 2151.353(F) should be calculated from that time.
6
and R.C. 2151.415 was unambiguous and required no interpretation. We concluded that
“temporary custody of children in the care of a children’s services agency is limited to a
period of two years, and * * * the trial court did not have the authority to grant a third
extension of temporary custody.” Id. at ¶ 15.
{¶ 14} The father and/or paternal grandparents argue only that it was in the best
interest of the children to extend temporary custody, and they cite the factors relevant to a
best interest determination, as set forth in R.C. 2151.414(D). There is no dispute that the
children’s best interest is paramount in legal custody determinations. However, the
statutory procedures create safeguards intended to balance the fundamental rights of the
parent with the state’s authority to intervene to protect abused and neglected children. In re
C.T., 119 Ohio St.3d 494, 2008-Ohio-4570, 895 N.E.2d 527, ¶ 13. The trial court was
required to abide by these procedures; it did not have authority to grant a third extension of
custody or one that extended temporary custody beyond two years.
{¶ 15} The assignment of error is sustained.
{¶ 16} The judgment of the trial court will be reversed, and the matter will be
remanded for consideration of MCCS’s motion that legal custody of M.O. and E.O. be
granted to the paternal grandparents or, in the alternative, to Mother with protective
supervision by MCCS.
..........
FAIN, J. and WELBAUM, J., concur.
Copies mailed to:
Michele D. Phipps
Elizabeth C. Scott
7
Christy N. Oakes
Jennifer S. Getty
Hon. Nick Kuntz